oracle数据库的一次异常起停处理。

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在重启数据库的时候，忘记把一个应用关停了，想起来的时候，就ctrl+c,把数据库shutdown immediate 给强制停下了，把该应用再停止，然后shutdown immdiate，这时候数据报错了。

oracle@NMSSERVER1:~> sqlplus '/as sysdba'

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue May 3 18:07:35 2016

Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> shutdown immediate;
^C^C^C^C^C

^C^C^C^C

ORA-12152: TNS:unable to send break message

SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL>
SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-24324: service handle not initialized
ORA-01041: internal error. hostdef extension doesn't exist
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-24324: service handle not initialized
ORA-01041: internal error. hostdef extension doesn't exist
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> startup force;
ORA-24324: service handle not initialized
ORA-01041: internal error. hostdef extension doesn't exist
SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-24324: service handle not initialized
ORA-01041: internal error. hostdef extension doesn't exist
SQL>

此时alert日志的情况如下：

Additional information: 1
Additional information: 32823
Tue May 03 18:05:16 2016
Errors in file /opt/oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/pm4h/pm4h/trace/pm4h_m000_21073.trc:
ORA-51106: check failed to complete due to an error. See error below
ORA-48101: error encountered when attempting to read a file [block] [/opt/oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/pm4h/pm4h/metadata/HM_FINDING.ams] [0]
ORA-48102: encountered the end-of-file when reading the file
Additional information: 64840
Additional information: 1
Additional information: 32823
Tue May 03 18:06:45 2016
Errors in file /opt/oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/pm4h/pm4h/trace/pm4h_m000_25185.trc:
ORA-51106: check failed to complete due to an error. See error below
ORA-48101: error encountered when attempting to read a file [block] [/opt/oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/pm4h/pm4h/metadata/HM_FINDING.ams] [0]
ORA-48102: encountered the end-of-file when reading the file
Additional information: 64840
Additional information: 1
Additional information: 32823
Tue May 03 18:07:25 2016
opidcl aborting process unknown ospid (58374) as a result of ORA-2396
Tue May 03 18:07:26 2016

***********************************************************************

Fatal NI connect error 12547, connecting to:
(LOCAL=NO)

VERSION INFORMATION:
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Oracle Bequeath NT Protocol Adapter for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
TCP/IP NT Protocol Adapter for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Time: 03-MAY-2016 18:07:26
Tracing not turned on.
Tns error struct:
ns main err code: 12547

TNS-12547: TNS:lost contact
ns secondary err code: 12560
nt main err code: 0
nt secondary err code: 0
nt OS err code: 0
opiodr aborting process unknown ospid (29320) as a result of ORA-609
Tue May 03 18:07:29 2016
opidcl aborting process unknown ospid (58149) as a result of ORA-2396
Tue May 03 18:07:44 2016
Errors in file /opt/oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/pm4h/pm4h/trace/pm4h_m000_29720.trc:
ORA-51106: check failed to complete due to an error. See error below
ORA-48101: error encountered when attempting to read a file [block] [/opt/oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/pm4h/pm4h/metadata/HM_FINDING.ams] [0]
ORA-48102: encountered the end-of-file when reading the file
Additional information: 64840
Additional information: 1
Additional information: 32823
Tue May 03 18:08:50 2016
Errors in file /opt/oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/pm4h/pm4h/trace/pm4h_m000_31031.trc:
ORA-51106: check failed to complete due to an error. See error below
ORA-48101: error encountered when attempting to read a file [block] [/opt/oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/pm4h/pm4h/metadata/HM_FINDING.ams] [0]
ORA-48102: encountered the end-of-file when reading the file
Additional information: 64840
Additional information: 1
Additional information: 32823
Tue May 03 18:10:03 2016
Shutting down instance (immediate)
Stopping background process SMCO
Shutting down instance: further logons disabled
Stopping background process QMNC
Tue May 03 18:10:05 2016
Stopping background process CJQ0
Stopping background process MMNL
Stopping background process MMON
License high water mark = 1426
Tue May 03 18:11:17 2016
ALTER DATABASE CLOSE NORMAL
Tue May 03 18:11:21 2016
SMON: disabling tx recovery
SMON: disabling cache recovery
^C

处理的措施：

1.查看共享内存资源
ipcs -pmb

oracle@NMSSERVER1:~> ipcs -pm;

------ Shared Memory Creator/Last-op PIDs --------
shmid owner cpid lpid
3145744 oracle 14924 32669
3178513 oracle 14924 32669
3211282 oracle 14924 32669
3244051 oracle 14924 32669
3276820 oracle 14924 32669
3309589 oracle 14924 32669
3342358 oracle 14924 32669
3375127 oracle 14924 32669
3407896 oracle 14924 32669
3440665 oracle 14924 32733

oracle资源在占用，所以必须进行资源释放，执行如下操作：

oracle@NMSSERVER1:~> ipcrm -m 3145744

（这里必须一个一个的停，不能一次停多个）

SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
ORA-27101: shared memory realm does not exist
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
SQL> startup force;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 5.1310E+10 bytes
Fixed Size 2240344 bytes
Variable Size 3.1139E+10 bytes
Database Buffers 2.0133E+10 bytes
Redo Buffers 36098048 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.