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Asp.Net MVC 之 Autofac 初步使用2 集成mvc 属性注入以及自动注入
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首先看下Demo2的结构
分享下demo源码 ：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1qYtZCrM
然后下面一步步将Autofac集成到mvc中。
首先，定义Model Product.cs
public class Product
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public double Price { get; set; }
public string Remark { get; set; }
public DateTime Date { get; set; }
}
Product.cs
第二步 创建文件夹IRepository 用于存放仓储接口IProductRepository
public interface IProductRepository
{
IEnumerable<Product> GetAll();
Product Get(int id);
Product Add(Product item);
bool Update(Product item);
bool Delete(int id);
}
IProductRepository.cs
第三步 创建文件夹Repository 定义ProductRepository 实现IProductRepository仓储接口
public class ProductRepository : IProductRepository
{
private List<Product> Products = new List<Product>(); public ProductRepository()
{
Add(new Product { Id = , Name = "手机", Price = , Remark = "4g 手机", Date = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-) });
Add(new Product { Id = , Name = "电脑", Price = , Remark = "笔记本本", Date = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-) });
Add(new Product { Id = , Name = "bb机", Price = , Remark = "大时代必备", Date = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-) });
Add(new Product { Id = , Name = "pad", Price = , Remark = "mini 电脑", Date = DateTime.Now });
}
public IEnumerable<Product> GetAll()
{
return Products;
} public Product Get(int id)
{
return Products.Find(p => p.Id == id);
} public Product Add(Product item)
{
if (item == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("item");
}
Products.Add(item);
return item;
} public bool Update(Product item)
{
if (item == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("item");
}
int index = Products.FindIndex(p => p.Id == item.Id);
if (index == -)
{
return false;
}
Products.RemoveAt(index);
Products.Add(item);
return true;
} public bool Delete(int id)
{
Products.RemoveAll(p => p.Id == id);
return true;
}
}
ProductRepository.cs
ok,WebApplication_AutoFac引用AutoFac_Demo2 以及从VS中的NuGet来加载Autofac.Integration.Mvc
下一步定义ProductController 这里我们用构造器注入
public class ProductController : Controller
{
readonly IProductRepository repository;
//构造器注入
public ProductController(IProductRepository repository)
{
this.repository = repository;
}
// GET: /Product/
public ActionResult Index()
{
var data = repository.GetAll();
return View(data);
}
}
ProductController.cs
index页也比较简单，用vs根据model生成的list页
@model IEnumerable<AutoFac_Demo2.Model.Product>
@{
ViewBag.Title = "Index";
Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml";
}
<h2>Index</h2>
<p>
@Html.ActionLink("Create New", "Create")
</p>
<table class="table">
<tr>
<th>
@Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.Name)
</th>
<th>
@Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.Price)
</th>
<th>
@Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.Remark)
</th>
<th>
@Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.Date)
</th>
<th></th>
</tr> @foreach (var item in Model) {
<tr>
<td>
@Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Name)
</td>
<td>
@Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Price)
</td>
<td>
@Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Remark)
</td>
<td>
@Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Date)
</td>
<td>
@Html.ActionLink("Edit", "Edit", new { id=item.Id }) |
@Html.ActionLink("Details", "Details", new { id=item.Id }) |
@Html.ActionLink("Delete", "Delete", new { id=item.Id })
</td>
</tr>
} </table>
Index.cshtml
最后最关键的实现注入
protected void Application_Start()
{
//创建autofac管理注册类的容器实例
var builder = new ContainerBuilder();
//下面就需要为这个容器注册它可以管理的类型
//builder的Register方法可以通过多种方式注册类型,之前在demo1里面也演示了好几种方式了。
builder.RegisterType<ProductRepository>().As<IProductRepository>();
//使用Autofac提供的RegisterControllers扩展方法来对程序集中所有的Controller一次性的完成注册
builder.RegisterControllers(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly());//生成具体的实例
var container = builder.Build();
//下面就是使用MVC的扩展 更改了MVC中的注入方式.
DependencyResolver.SetResolver(new AutofacDependencyResolver(container)); AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);
}
其实除了构造函数注入还可以属性注入 把之前repository 改为get set 就变成属性了
public class ProductController : Controller
{
#region
//readonly IProductRepository repository;
////构造器注入
//public ProductController(IProductRepository repository)
//{
// this.repository = repository;
//}
#endregion
public IProductRepository repository { get; set; }
// GET: /Product/
public ActionResult Index()
{
var data = repository.GetAll();
return View(data);
}
}
然后，将
//使用Autofac提供的RegisterControllers扩展方法来对程序集中所有的Controller一次性的完成注册
builder.RegisterControllers(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly());
改为
builder.RegisterControllers(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly()).PropertiesAutowired(); // 这样支持属性注入
最后效果：
最后的最后，为了不像 builder.RegisterType<ProductRepository>().As<IProductRepository>(); 这样一个一个的注册，所以要像装载controller一样完成自动注入
自动注入
Autofac提供一个RegisterAssemblyTypes方法。它会去扫描所有的dll并把每个类注册为它所实现的接口。既然能够自动注入，那么接口和类的定义一定要有一定的规律。我们可以定义IDependency接口的类型，其他任何的接口都需要继承这个接口。
public interface IDependency
{
}
public interface IProductRepository : IDependency
{
IEnumerable<Product> GetAll();
Product Get(int id);
Product Add(Product item);
bool Update(Product item);
bool Delete(int id);
}
添加IUserRepository.cs 继承IDependency
public interface IUserRepository : IDependency
{
IEnumerable<User> GetAll();
User Get(int id);
User Add(User item);
bool Update(User item);
bool Delete(int id);
}
IUserRepository.cs
仓储实现
public class UserRepository : IUserRepository
{
private List<User> Users = new List<User>();
public UserRepository()
{
Add(new User { Id = , Name = "hyh" });
Add(new User { Id = , Name = "hyg" });
Add(new User { Id = , Name = "hyr" });
} public IEnumerable<User> GetAll()
{
return Users;
} public User Get(int id)
{
return Users.Find(p => p.Id == id);
} public User Add(User item)
{
if (item == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("item");
}
Users.Add(item);
return item;
} public bool Update(User item)
{
if (item == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("item");
}
int index = Users.FindIndex(p => p.Id == item.Id);
if (index == -)
{
return false;
}
Users.RemoveAt(index);
Users.Add(item);
return true;
} public bool Delete(int id)
{
Users.RemoveAll(p => p.Id == id);
return true;
}
}
UserRepository.cs
最后Global
#region 自动注入
//创建autofac管理注册类的容器实例
var builder = new ContainerBuilder();
Assembly[] assemblies = Directory.GetFiles(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.RelativeSearchPath, "*.dll").Select(Assembly.LoadFrom).ToArray();
//注册所有实现了 IDependency 接口的类型
Type baseType = typeof(IDependency);
builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(assemblies)
.Where(type => baseType.IsAssignableFrom(type) && !type.IsAbstract)
.AsSelf().AsImplementedInterfaces()
.PropertiesAutowired().InstancePerLifetimeScope(); //注册MVC类型
builder.RegisterControllers(assemblies).PropertiesAutowired();
builder.RegisterFilterProvider();
var container = builder.Build();
DependencyResolver.SetResolver(new AutofacDependencyResolver(container));
#endregion
结果如下：
ok，先到这了...
