Java使用Geotools读取shape矢量数据

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作为GIS开发者而言，矢量数据是我们经常要用到的，而shape数据是矢量数据中最常用的格式，因此解析shape数据也是作为GIS软件开发人员必备的基础技能，而GeoTools无疑是Java最好用来处理GIS数据的三方库，当然这只是GeoTools的冰山一角，后面我也会慢慢的去分享GeoTools的更多用法。

今天就简单来梳理下shape数据的解析获取，环境是maven工程，首先是maven依赖：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.dudu.liuyang</groupId>
<artifactId>gis</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <repositories>
<repository>
<id>central</id>
<name>aliyun maven</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/central</url>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
</repository> <repository>
<id>osgeo-releases</id>
<name>OSGeo Nexus Release Repository</name>
<url>https://repo.osgeo.org/repository/release/</url>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
</repository> <repository>
<id>osgeo-snapshots</id>
<name>OSGeo Nexus Snapshot Repository</name>
<url>https://repo.osgeo.org/repository/snapshot/</url>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
</repository> <repository>
<id>geosolutions</id>
<name>geosolutions repository</name>
<url>https://maven.geo-solutions.it/</url>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
</repository>
</repositories> <dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.geotools</groupId>
<artifactId>gt-shapefile</artifactId>
<version>25.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies> <build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2.8.RELEASE</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build></project>

下面就是简单的代码操作，其实如果只是简单的读取，就很简单，下面是主要代码。

package gis;import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;import org.geotools.data.FeatureSource;
import org.geotools.data.Query;
import org.geotools.data.shapefile.ShapefileDataStore;
import org.geotools.data.simple.SimpleFeatureCollection;
import org.geotools.data.simple.SimpleFeatureIterator;
import org.geotools.geometry.jts.ReferencedEnvelope;
import org.opengis.feature.simple.SimpleFeature;
import org.opengis.feature.type.AttributeDescriptor;
import org.opengis.feature.type.GeometryType;
import org.opengis.referencing.crs.CoordinateReferenceSystem;/**
* shape文件读取
* @author ly
*
*/
public class ShapeFileReaderTest { private static final String FILE_PATH = "F:\\data\\vector\\shape\\line\\xian_sheng.shp"; public static void main(String[] args) {
File file = new File(FILE_PATH);
readShapeFile(file);
} /**
*
* @param shpFile 传递的是shape文件中的.shp文件
*/
private static void readShapeFile(File shpFile) {
/**
* 直接使用shapefileDatastore,如果不知道，也可以使用工厂模式(见下个方法)
* 建议，如果确定是shape文件，就直使用shapefileDatastore
*/
try {
ShapefileDataStore shapefileDataStore = new ShapefileDataStore(shpFile.toURI().toURL());
//这个typeNamae不传递，默认是文件名称
FeatureSource featuresource = shapefileDataStore.getFeatureSource(shapefileDataStore.getTypeNames()[0]);
//读取bbox
ReferencedEnvelope bbox =featuresource.getBounds();
//读取投影
CoordinateReferenceSystem crs = featuresource.getSchema().getCoordinateReferenceSystem();
//特征总数
int count = featuresource.getCount(Query.ALL);
//获取当前数据的geometry类型（点、线、面）
GeometryType geometryType = featuresource.getSchema().getGeometryDescriptor().getType();
//读取要素
SimpleFeatureCollection simpleFeatureCollection = (SimpleFeatureCollection) featuresource.getFeatures();
//获取当前矢量数据有哪些属性字段值
List<AttributeDescriptor> attributes = simpleFeatureCollection.getSchema().getAttributeDescriptors();
//
SimpleFeatureIterator simpleFeatureIterator = simpleFeatureCollection.features();
//
while(simpleFeatureIterator.hasNext()) {
SimpleFeature simpleFeature = simpleFeatureIterator.next();
attributes.stream().forEach((a) -> {
//依次读取这个shape中每一个属性值，当然这个属性值，可以处理其它业务
System.out.println(simpleFeature.getAttribute(a.getLocalName()));
});
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} }}