Android（java）学习笔记86：Android提供打开各种文件的API接口：setDataAndType

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1. Android 打开各种文件（setDataAndType）

private void openFile(File file){ Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
//设置intent的Action属性
intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
//获取文件file的MIME类型
String type = getMIMEType(file);
//设置intent的data和Type属性。
intent.setDataAndType(/*uri*/Uri.fromFile(file), type);
//跳转
startActivity(intent); //这里最好try一下，有可能会报错。 //比如说你的MIME类型是打开邮箱，但是你手机里面没装邮箱客户端，就会报错。

}

/**
* 根据文件后缀名获得对应的MIME类型。
* @param file
*/
private String getMIMEType(File file) { String type="*/*";
String fName = file.getName();
//获取后缀名前的分隔符"."在fName中的位置。
int dotIndex = fName.lastIndexOf(".");
if(dotIndex < 0){
return type;
}
/* 获取文件的后缀名*/
String end=fName.substring(dotIndex,fName.length()).toLowerCase();
if(end=="")return type;
//在MIME和文件类型的匹配表中找到对应的MIME类型。
for(int i=0;i<MIME_MapTable.length;i++){ //MIME_MapTable??在这里你一定有疑问，这个MIME_MapTable是什么？
if(end.equals(MIME_MapTable[i][0]))
type = MIME_MapTable[i][1];
}
return type;
}

MIME_MapTable是所有文件的后缀名所对应的MIME类型的一个String数组：

<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>private final String[][] MIME_MapTable={
//{后缀名，MIME类型}
{".3gp", "video/3gpp"},
{".apk", "application/vnd.android.package-archive"},
{".asf", "video/x-ms-asf"},
{".avi", "video/x-msvideo"},
{".bin", "application/octet-stream"},
{".bmp", "image/bmp"},
{".c", "text/plain"},
{".class", "application/octet-stream"},
{".conf", "text/plain"},
{".cpp", "text/plain"},
{".doc", "application/msword"},
{".docx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document"},
{".xls", "application/vnd.ms-excel"},
{".xlsx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"},
{".exe", "application/octet-stream"},
{".gif", "image/gif"},
{".gtar", "application/x-gtar"},
{".gz", "application/x-gzip"},
{".h", "text/plain"},
{".htm", "text/html"},
{".html", "text/html"},
{".jar", "application/java-archive"},
{".java", "text/plain"},
{".jpeg", "image/jpeg"},
{".jpg", "image/jpeg"},
{".js", "application/x-javascript"},
{".log", "text/plain"},
{".m3u", "audio/x-mpegurl"},
{".m4a", "audio/mp4a-latm"},
{".m4b", "audio/mp4a-latm"},
{".m4p", "audio/mp4a-latm"},
{".m4u", "video/vnd.mpegurl"},
{".m4v", "video/x-m4v"},
{".mov", "video/quicktime"},
{".mp2", "audio/x-mpeg"},
{".mp3", "audio/x-mpeg"},
{".mp4", "video/mp4"},
{".mpc", "application/vnd.mpohun.certificate"},
{".mpe", "video/mpeg"},
{".mpeg", "video/mpeg"},
{".mpg", "video/mpeg"},
{".mpg4", "video/mp4"},
{".mpga", "audio/mpeg"},
{".msg", "application/vnd.ms-outlook"},
{".ogg", "audio/ogg"},
{".pdf", "application/pdf"},
{".png", "image/png"},
{".pps", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"},
{".ppt", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"},
{".pptx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation"},
{".prop", "text/plain"},
{".rc", "text/plain"},
{".rmvb", "audio/x-pn-realaudio"},
{".rtf", "application/rtf"},
{".sh", "text/plain"},
{".tar", "application/x-tar"},
{".tgz", "application/x-compressed"},
{".txt", "text/plain"},
{".wav", "audio/x-wav"},
{".wma", "audio/x-ms-wma"},
{".wmv", "audio/x-ms-wmv"},
{".wps", "application/vnd.ms-works"},
{".xml", "text/plain"},
{".z", "application/x-compress"},
{".zip", "application/x-zip-compressed"},
{"", "*/*"}
};

1. Intent open a picture file public:

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File("/mnt/sdcard/images/001041580.jpg"));
intent.setDataAndType (uri, "image/*");
this.startActivity(intent);

2. Intent to open a PDF file:

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File("file:///android_asset/helphelp.pdf"));
intent.setDataAndType (uri, "application/pdf");
this.startActivity(intent);

3. Intent to open a text file:

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
if (paramBoolean)
{
Uri uri1 = Uri.parse (param);
intent.setDataAndType (URI1, "text/plain");
}
else
{
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File("/mnt/sdcard/hello.txt"));
intent.setDataAndType (URI2, "text/plain");
}
this.startActivity(intent);

4. Intent to open the audio file:

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP);
intent.putExtra ("oneshot", 0);
intent.putExtra ("configchange", 0);
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File("/mnt/sdcard/ren.mp3"));
intent.setDataAndType (uri, "audio/*");
this.startActivity(intent);

5. Intent to open the video file:

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP);
intent.putExtra ("oneshot", 0);
intent.putExtra ("configchange", 0);
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File("/mnt/sdcard/ice.avi"));
intent.setDataAndType (uri, "video/*");
this.startActivity(intent);

6. Intent to open the CHM file:

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File("/mnt/sdcard/ice.chm"));
intent.setDataAndType (uri, "application / x-chm");
this.startActivity(intent);

7. Intent to open a Word document:

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File("/system/etc/help.doc"));
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/msword");
this.startActivity(intent);

8. Android Excel intent:

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File("/mnt/sdcard/Book1.xls"));
intent.setDataAndType (uri, "application/vnd.ms-excel");
this.startActivity(intent);

9. Intent to open the PPT file:

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new
File("/mnt/sdcard/download/Android_PPT.ppt"));
intent.setDataAndType (uri, "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint");
this.startActivity(intent);

10.Display Html page:

Uri uri = Uri.parse ("http://www.google.com");
Intent intent = new Intent (Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
this.startActivity(intent);

11. Show map:

Uri uri = Uri.parse ("geo: 38.899533, -77.036476");
Intent intent = new Intent (Intent.Action_VIEW, uri);
this.startActivity(intent);

12. Call the dialer:

Uri uri = Uri.parse ("tel: xxxxxx");
Intent intent = new Intent (Intent.ACTION_DIAL, uri);
this.startActivity(intent);

13. Call :

Uri uri = Uri.parse ("tel: xxxxxx");
Intent it = new Intent (Intent.ACTION_CALL, uri);
this.startActivity(intent);
/*permission:
<uses-permission id="android.permission.CALL_PHONE">
</uses-permission> */

14. Call to send text messages of the program :

Intent intent = new Intent (Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
intent.putExtra("sms_body", "The SMS text");
intent.setType("vnd.android-dir/mms-sms");
this.startActivity(intent);

15. Send SMS :

Uri uri = Uri.parse("smsto:0800000123");
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, uri);
intent.putExtra("sms_body", "The SMS text");
this.startActivity(intent);

16. Send MMS :

Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://media/external/images/media/23");
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
intent.putExtra("sms_body", "some text");
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uri);
intent.setType("image/png");
this.startActivity(intent);

17. Send an Email :

Uri uri = Uri.parse ("mailto: xxx@abc.com");
Intent intent = new Intent (Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, uri);
this.startActivity(intent);

18. Send an Email with body :

Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL,"me@abc.com");
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT,"The email body text");
intent.setType ("text/plain");
this.startActivity(
Intent.createChooser(intent, "Choose Email Client"));

19. Send an Email with body,to,cc :

Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
String [] tos ={"me@abc.com"};
String [] ccs ={"you@abc.com"};
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, tos);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_CC, ccs);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "The email body text");
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "The email subject text");
intent.setType("message/rfc822");
this.startActivity(
Intent.createChooser(intent, "Choose Email Client"));

20. Send an Email with attachments :

Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT,"The email subject text");
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM,"file :///sdcard/mysong.mp3");
sendIntent.setType("audio/mp3");
this.startActivity(
Intent.createChooser(intent,"Choose Email Client"));

21. Uninstall the program :

Uri uri = Uri.fromParts ("package", strPackageName, null);
Intent intent = new Intent (Intent.ACTION_DELETE, uri);
this.startActivity(
Intent.createChooser(intent,"Choose Email Client"));

22. Install the apk :

Uri installUri = Uri.fromParts("package", "xxx", null);
returnIt = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED, installUri);
this.startActivity(returnIt);

23. Search applications :

Uri uri = Uri.parse("market://search?Q=pname:pkg_name");
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
this.startActivity(intent);
//Where pkg_name is the full package path for an application

24. Google Search Launch Web Browser :

Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_WEB_SEARCH);
String term = "Android";
intent.putExtra(SearchManager.QUERY, term);
activity.startActivity(intent);

25. Send text using Intent (to messaging apps) :

Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_WEB_SEARCH);
String msgBody = "This is message";
Intent intent = new Intent(android.content.Intent.ACTION_SEND);
intent.setType("text/plain");
intent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT,
"message subject");
intent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, msgBody);
activity.startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, getResources().
getString(R.string.share_by_using)));

26. Create Shortcut on "Home Screen" :

Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_WEB_SEARCH);
Intent toPrint = new Intent(this, anCreateshutcut.class);
Intent addShortcut = new Intent
("com.android.launcher.action.INSTALL_SHORTCUT");
addShortcut.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SHORTCUT_NAME, "Shutcutname");
addShortcut.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SHORTCUT_INTENT, toPrint);
addShortcut.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SHORTCUT_ICON_RESOURCE,
Intent.ShortcutIconResource.fromContext(this, R.drawable.icon));
Manifest file:
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.CREATE_SHORTCUT">
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER">
</category></action></intent-filter>
<uses-permission android:name="com.android.launcher.
permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT">
</uses-permission>

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