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Spring4.* 中整合 Hibernate
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1. Spring 整合 Hibernate 整合什么 ?
1). 有 IOC 容器来管理 Hibernate 的 SessionFactory
2). 让 Hibernate 使用上 Spring 的声明式事务
2. 整合步骤:
1). 加入 hibernate
①. jar 包
②. 添加 hibernate 的配置文件: hibernate.cfg.xml
③. 编写了持久化类对应的 .hbm.xml 文件。
2). 加入 Spring
①. jar 包
spring-aop-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-aspects-4.0.4.RELEASE.jar
spring-beans-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-context-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-core-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-expression-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
commons-logging-1.2.jar
②. 加入 Spring 的配置文件
3). 整合.
3. 编写代码
整合工程目录结构如下图所示：
引用到的jar包如下：
spring的配置文件：applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"> <!-- 配置自动扫描的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.atguigu.spring.hibernate"></context:component-scan> <!-- 配置数据源 -->
<!-- 导入资源文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property> <property name="initialPoolSize" value="${jdbc.initPoolSize}"></property>
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maxPoolSize}"></property>
</bean> <!-- 配置 Hibernate 的 SessionFactory 实例: 通过 Spring 提供的 LocalSessionFactoryBean 进行配置 -->
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 配置数据源属性 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
<!-- 配置 hibernate 配置文件的位置及名称 -->
<!--
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property>
-->
<!-- 使用 hibernateProperties 属相来配置 Hibernate 原生的属性 -->
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
</props>
</property>
<!-- 配置 hibernate 映射文件的位置及名称, 可以使用通配符 -->
<property name="mappingLocations"
value="classpath:com/atguigu/spring/hibernate/entities/*.hbm.xml"></property>
</bean> <!-- 配置 Spring 的声明式事务 -->
<!-- 1. 配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean> <!-- 2. 配置事务属性, 需要事务管理器 -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
<tx:method name="purchase" propagation="REQUIRES_NEW"/>
<tx:method name="*"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice> <!-- 3. 配置事务切点, 并把切点和事务属性关联起来 -->
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.atguigu.spring.hibernate.service.*.*(..))"
id="txPointcut"/>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointcut"/>
</aop:config> </beans>
hibernate配置文件：hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory> <!-- 配置 hibernate 的基本属性 -->
<!-- 1. 数据源需配置到 IOC 容器中, 所以在此处不再需要配置数据源 -->
<!-- 2. 关联的 .hbm.xml 也在 IOC 容器配置 SessionFactory 实例时在进行配置 -->
<!-- 3. 配置 hibernate 的基本属性: 方言, SQL 显示及格式化, 生成数据表的策略以及二级缓存等. -->
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</property> <property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property> <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property> <!-- 配置 hibernate 二级缓存相关的属性. --> </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
数据库配置文件：db.properties
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=123456
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql:///spring jdbc.initPoolSize=5
jdbc.maxPoolSize=10
#...
DAO层接口文件：BookShopDao
package com.lltse.spring.hibernate.dao;
public interface BookShopDao {
//根据书号获取书的单价
public int findBookPriceByIsbn(String isbn);
//更新数的库存. 使书号对应的库存 - 1
public void updateBookStock(String isbn);
//更新用户的账户余额: 使 username 的 balance - price
public void updateUserAccount(String username, int price);
}
DAO层接口实现类：
Entity:Account
package com.lltse.spring.hibernate.entities;
public class Account {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private int balance;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public int getBalance() {
return balance;
}
public void setBalance(int balance) {
this.balance = balance;
}
}
Book
package com.lltse.spring.hibernate.entities;
public class Book {
private Integer id;
private String bookName;
private String isbn;
private int price;
private int stock;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getBookName() {
return bookName;
}
public void setBookName(String bookName) {
this.bookName = bookName;
}
public String getIsbn() {
return isbn;
}
public void setIsbn(String isbn) {
this.isbn = isbn;
}
public int getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(int price) {
this.price = price;
}
public int getStock() {
return stock;
}
public void setStock(int stock) {
this.stock = stock;
}
}
hibernate对实体的映射文件：
Account.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.lltse.spring.hibernate.entities.Account" table="SH_ACCOUNT"> <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
<column name="ID" />
<generator class="native" />
</id> <property name="username" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="USERNAME" />
</property> <property name="balance" type="int">
<column name="BALANCE" />
</property> </class>
</hibernate-mapping>
Book.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.lltse.spring.hibernate.entities.Book" table="SH_BOOK"> <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
<column name="ID" />
<generator class="native" />
</id> <property name="bookName" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="BOOK_NAME" />
</property> <property name="isbn" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="ISBN" />
</property> <property name="price" type="int">
<column name="PRICE" />
</property> <property name="stock" type="int">
<column name="STOCK" />
</property> </class>
</hibernate-mapping>
自定义异常：
BookStockException.java
package com.lltse.spring.hibernate.exceptions;
public class BookStockException extends RuntimeException{
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public BookStockException() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public BookStockException(String message, Throwable cause,
boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {
super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public BookStockException(String message, Throwable cause) {
super(message, cause);
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public BookStockException(String message) {
super(message);
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public BookStockException(Throwable cause) {
super(cause);
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
}
UserAccountException.java
package com.lltse.spring.hibernate.exceptions;
public class UserAccountException extends RuntimeException{
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public UserAccountException() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public UserAccountException(String message, Throwable cause,
boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {
super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public UserAccountException(String message, Throwable cause) {
super(message, cause);
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public UserAccountException(String message) {
super(message);
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public UserAccountException(Throwable cause) {
super(cause);
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
}
service 接口：
BookShopService.java
package com.lltse.spring.hibernate.service;
public interface BookShopService {
public void purchase(String username, String isbn);
}
Cashier.java
package com.lltse.spring.hibernate.service;
import java.util.List;
public interface Cashier {
public void checkout(String username, List<String> isbns);
}
service实现类层：
BookShopServiceImpl.java
package com.lltse.spring.hibernate.service.impl; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import com.lltse.spring.hibernate.dao.BookShopDao;
import com.lltse.spring.hibernate.service.BookShopService; @Service
public class BookShopServiceImpl implements BookShopService { @Autowired
private BookShopDao bookShopDao; /**
* Spring hibernate 事务的流程
* 1. 在方法开始之前
* ①. 获取 Session
* ②. 把 Session 和当前线程绑定, 这样就可以在 Dao 中使用 SessionFactory 的
* getCurrentSession() 方法来获取 Session 了
* ③. 开启事务
*
* 2. 若方法正常结束, 即没有出现异常, 则
* ①. 提交事务
* ②. 使和当前线程绑定的 Session 解除绑定
* ③. 关闭 Session
*
* 3. 若方法出现异常, 则:
* ①. 回滚事务
* ②. 使和当前线程绑定的 Session 解除绑定
* ③. 关闭 Session
*/
@Override
public void purchase(String username, String isbn) {
int price = bookShopDao.findBookPriceByIsbn(isbn);
bookShopDao.updateBookStock(isbn);
bookShopDao.updateUserAccount(username, price);
} }
CashierImpl.java
package com.lltse.spring.hibernate.service.impl; import java.util.List; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import com.lltse.spring.hibernate.service.BookShopService;
import com.lltse.spring.hibernate.service.Cashier; @Service
public class CashierImpl implements Cashier{ @Autowired
private BookShopService bookShopService; @Override
public void checkout(String username, List<String> isbns) {
for(String isbn:isbns){
bookShopService.purchase(username, isbn);
}
} }
junit测试用例
SpringHibernateTest.java
package com.lltse.spring.hibernate.test; import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Arrays; import javax.sql.DataSource; import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import com.lltse.spring.hibernate.service.BookShopService;
import com.lltse.spring.hibernate.service.Cashier; public class SpringHibernateTest { private ApplicationContext ctx = null;
private BookShopService bookShopService = null;
private Cashier cashier = null; {
ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
bookShopService = ctx.getBean(BookShopService.class);
cashier = ctx.getBean(Cashier.class);
} @Test
public void testCashier(){
cashier.checkout("aa", Arrays.asList("1001","1002"));
} @Test
public void testBookShopService(){
bookShopService.purchase("aa", "1001");
} @Test
public void testDataSource() throws SQLException {
DataSource dataSource = ctx.getBean(DataSource.class);
System.out.println(dataSource.getConnection());
} }
