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Spring事务配置的五种方式

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12/01
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Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。

DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。

具体如下图：

根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：

第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

    <bean id="sessionFactory"

            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />

        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />

    </bean>  

    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->

    <bean id="transactionManager"

        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

    </bean>

    <!-- 配置DAO -->

    <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">

        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

    </bean>

    <bean id="userDao"

        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">

           <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->

           <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />

        <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />

         <property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />

        <!-- 配置事务属性 -->

        <property name="transactionAttributes">

            <props>

                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>

            </props>

        </property>

    </bean>

</beans>
第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

    <bean id="sessionFactory"

            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />

        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />

    </bean>  

    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->

    <bean id="transactionManager"

        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

    </bean>

    <bean id="transactionBase"

            class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"

            lazy-init="true" abstract="true">

        <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->

        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />

        <!-- 配置事务属性 -->

        <property name="transactionAttributes">

            <props>

                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>

            </props>

        </property>

    </bean>    

    <!-- 配置DAO -->

    <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">

        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

    </bean>

    <bean id="userDao" parent="transactionBase" >

        <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />

    </bean>

</beans>

第三种方式：使用拦截器 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

    <bean id="sessionFactory"

            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />

        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />

    </bean>  

    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->

    <bean id="transactionManager"

        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

    </bean> 

    <bean id="transactionInterceptor"

        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">

        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />

        <!-- 配置事务属性 -->

        <property name="transactionAttributes">

            <props>

                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>

            </props>

        </property>

    </bean>

    <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">

        <property name="beanNames">

            <list>

                <value>*Dao</value>

            </list>

        </property>

        <property name="interceptorNames">

            <list>

                <value>transactionInterceptor</value>

            </list>

        </property>

    </bean>  

    <!-- 配置DAO -->

    <bean id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">

        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

    </bean>

</beans>
第四种方式：使用tx标签配置的拦截器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

    <context:annotation-config />

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />

    <bean id="sessionFactory"

            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />

        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />

    </bean>  

    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->

    <bean id="transactionManager"

        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

    </bean>

    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">

        <tx:attributes>

            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />

        </tx:attributes>

    </tx:advice>

    <aop:config>

        <aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts"

            expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />

        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"

            pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />

    </aop:config>

</beans>

     

      第五种方式：全注解
     

     

     

      
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

    <context:annotation-config />

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />

    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

    <bean id="sessionFactory"

            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />

        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />

    </bean>  

    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->

    <bean id="transactionManager"

        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

    </bean>

</beans>

     

     

     

      此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解，如下
     

     

      
package com.bluesky.spring.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;

@Transactional

@Component("userDao")

public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {

    public List<User> listUsers() {

        return this.getSession().createQuery("from User").list();

    }

}

     

     
 

    

   

  
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