二、robotframework接口测试-常用关键字介绍

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1.常用关键字介绍：

a. 打印：log 用法：log 打印内容

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b.定义变量：Set Variable 用法：${name} Set Variable hello world

c.创建字典：Create Dictionary 用法：${dict} Create Dictionary a=1 b=2 或 ${dict} Create Dictionary a 1 b 2

例子：

d.post请求发送：requests.Post 用法：${resp}= requests.Post ${test_url} ${postdata}

打印返回内容：log ${resp.text}

例子：

e.关键字之断言：

断言一：比较字符串：should be equal as strings and should not be equal as strings

f.生成随机数字

${num} Evaluate random.randint(10000,99999) random
log ${num}

g.生成随机字符串

${str} evaluate string.ascii_letters string #大小写字母全部
#${str} evaluate string.ascii_lowercase string #小写字母
log ${str}
${len} evaluate len('${str}')
log ${len}
${num} set variable 10
${name} set variable 2018
: FOR ${index} IN RANGE ${num}
\ ${i} evaluate random.randint(0,int(${len})-1) random
\ ${tmp} set variable ${str[int(${i})-1]}
\ ${newStr} set variable ${name}${tmp}
log ${name}

--------------------------------------------------输出：

20180717 17:12:59.286 : INFO : ${str} = abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
20180717 17:12:59.287 : INFO : abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
20180717 17:12:59.289 : INFO : ${len} = 52
20180717 17:12:59.290 : INFO : 52
20180717 17:12:59.291 : INFO : ${num} = 10
20180717 17:12:59.292 : INFO : ${name} = 2018
20180717 17:12:59.294 : INFO : ${i} = 13
20180717 17:12:59.295 : INFO : ${tmp} = m
20180717 17:12:59.297 : INFO : ${newStr} = 2018m
20180717 17:12:59.298 : INFO : ${i} = 32
20180717 17:12:59.300 : INFO : ${tmp} = F
20180717 17:12:59.302 : INFO : ${newStr} = 2018F
20180717 17:12:59.304 : INFO : ${i} = 13
20180717 17:12:59.305 : INFO : ${tmp} = m
20180717 17:12:59.307 : INFO : ${newStr} = 2018m
20180717 17:12:59.309 : INFO : ${i} = 50
20180717 17:12:59.310 : INFO : ${tmp} = X
20180717 17:12:59.311 : INFO : ${newStr} = 2018X
20180717 17:12:59.313 : INFO : ${i} = 42
20180717 17:12:59.314 : INFO : ${tmp} = P
20180717 17:12:59.315 : INFO : ${newStr} = 2018P
20180717 17:12:59.318 : INFO : ${i} = 48
20180717 17:12:59.319 : INFO : ${tmp} = V
20180717 17:12:59.321 : INFO : ${newStr} = 2018V
20180717 17:12:59.322 : INFO : ${i} = 37
20180717 17:12:59.324 : INFO : ${tmp} = K
20180717 17:12:59.325 : INFO : ${newStr} = 2018K
20180717 17:12:59.327 : INFO : ${i} = 36
20180717 17:12:59.328 : INFO : ${tmp} = J
20180717 17:12:59.329 : INFO : ${newStr} = 2018J
20180717 17:12:59.331 : INFO : ${i} = 34
20180717 17:12:59.333 : INFO : ${tmp} = H
20180717 17:12:59.334 : INFO : ${newStr} = 2018H
20180717 17:12:59.336 : INFO : ${i} = 49
20180717 17:12:59.337 : INFO : ${tmp} = W
20180717 17:12:59.339 : INFO : ${newStr} = 2018W
20180717 17:12:59.340 : INFO : 2018

h.循环关键字：：FOR ${I} IN @{list}

log ${i}

j.rf中resp.text和resp.content区别：

requests.content返回的是二进制响应内容

而requests.text则是根据网页的响应来猜测编码，如果服务器不指定的话，默认编码是"

ISO-8859-1"（我当初看到这里的时候，在想为啥默认编码不设置为utf8呢，然后看到了原来是http协议是这样的，所以...）所以这是为什么你用 response.text 返回的是乱码的原因。

k.Append to List关键字：

语法：Arguments:[ list_ | *values ]

例子：

l.if条件从句： ${a} Run Keyword If 条件 Set Variable 1 ELSE Set Variable 2

m.Set Variable If 用法：${a} Set Variable If 条件结果1 结果2

${c} Set Variable 0
${result1} Set Variable If ${c}==0 结果为0 结果不为0
${result1} Set Variable If ${c}>0 value1 value2
${result1} Set Variable If ${c}<0 value3 value4