SpringMVC 视图解析器

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还记得SpringMVC 快速入门中，dispatcher-servlet.xml 配置的视图解析器么。它是SpringMVC 的核心知识点。本章节比较简单，明白视图解析器的工作原理，然后配置自定义的视图解析器和使用重点向跳转页面。

SpringMVC的配置文件，dispatcher-servlet.xml。这里配置了直接跳转的页面 mvc:view-controller 即不经过Controller层，直接根据视图解析器跳转页面。还配置了视图解析器 BeanNameViewResolver 优先级为666。其中jsp最为常见的解析器是 InternalResourceViewResolver 器优先级是int类型的最大值。也就是说优先级最低。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">  

    <!-- 配置自定扫描的包 -->

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.itdragon.springmvc" />  

    <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">

        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>

        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>

    </bean>  

    <!-- 配置注解驱动 -->

    <mvc:annotation-driven />  

    <!-- 配置视图  BeanNameViewResolver 解析器

        使用视图的名字来解析视图

        通过 order 属性来定义视图解析器的优先级, order 值越小优先级越高

    -->

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.BeanNameViewResolver">

        <property name="order" value="666"></property>

    </bean>  

    <!-- 配置直接跳转的页面，无需经过Controller层

        http://localhost:8080/springmvc/index

        然后会跳转到 WEB-INF/views/index.jsp 页面

    -->

    <mvc:view-controller path="/index" view-name="index"/>

</beans>

自定义CustomViewResolver java类实现 View 接口。

import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.View;  

@Component

public class CustomViewResolver implements View{  

    public String getContentType() {

        return "text/html";

    }  

    public void render(Map<String, ?> model, HttpServletRequest request,

            HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {

        response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");

        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");

        response.getWriter().print("CustomViewResolver order 越小优先级越高！ 所以优先于 InternalResourceViewResolver");

    }  

}

语法知识点说明类 ViewResolverController

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;  

@Controller

public class ViewResolverController {  

    @RequestMapping("/testRedirect")

    public String testRedirect() {

        System.out.println("^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^重定向到apistudy.jsp页面，地址栏URL改变");

        return "redirect:apiStudy/testModelAndView";

    }  

    @RequestMapping("/testForward")

    public String testForward() {

        System.out.println("^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^转发到apistudy.jsp页面，地址栏URL不变");

        return "forward:apiStudy/testModelAndView";

    }  

    @RequestMapping("/testCustomViewResolver")

    public String testCustomViewResolver() {

        System.out.println("^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^进入到自定义的视图解析器中，返回值必须是类名首字母小写");

        return "customViewResolver";

    }  

}

WEB-INF/views/index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>  

<!DOCTYPE>

<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">

<title>SpringMVC 快速入门</title>

</head>

<body>  

    <h2>视图解析器</h2>

    <a href="testRedirect">Test Redirect</a>

    <br/><br/>

    <a href="testForward">Test Forward</a>

    <br/><br/>

    <a href="testCustomViewResolver">Test Custom View Resolver</a>

    <br/><br/>  

</body>

</html>

运行的效果图