Spring MVC+Spring+Mybatis+MySQL(IDEA)入门框架搭建

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Spring Mybatis demo

Spring MVC+Spring+Mybatis+MySQL(IDEA)入门框架搭建
- 0.项目准备
- 1.数据持久层Mybatis+MySQL
  - 1.1 MySQL数据准备
  - 1.2 Mybatis配置和使用
  - 1.2.1 新建实体类和访问接口
  - 1.2.2 配置MySQL连接信息
  - 1.2.3 配置Mybatis信息
  - 1.2.4 测试Mybatis访问Mysql的数据
- 2.Spring+Mybatis
  - 2.1 Spring配置
  - 2.2 测试
  - 2.3 运行结果
- 3.加入Spring MVC处理请求
  - 3.1 配置spring-mvc.xml文件
  - 3.2 web.xml配置
  - 3.3 MVC（视图层、控制层、模块服务层）
    - 3.3.1 视图层文件
    - 3.3.2 控制层
    - 3.3.3 服务层
- 4.测试
- 5.总结

0.项目准备

使用Intelli IDEA最终版（个人使用社区版时无法添加本地Tomcat）新建一个Maven项目:File -> new -> project... ->在左侧栏选中Maven -> 设置SDK（即jdk版本）-> 选中“Create from archetype” -> 选中“org.apache.maven.archetypes:maven-archetype-webapp” -> next -> 填写GroupId(类似包名)和ArtifactId（一般是项目名）-> 一路next，最后finish得到新建项目。

1）在新项目基础上再手动添加一些目录结构，最后项目结构应类似：

2）修改pom.xml文件，引入本项目即将要用到的依赖

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.jay.spring</groupId> <artifactId>springmvc</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>springmvc Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties>  <spring.version>4.0.5.RELEASE</spring.version>  <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version> <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>  <junit.version>4.10</junit.version>  <mybatis.version>3.2.1</mybatis.version> </properties> <dependencies>  <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>${junit.version}</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency>   <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>${log4j.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>${slf4j.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>${slf4j.version}</version> </dependency>   <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>${mybatis.version}</version> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>1.2.0</version> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.29</version> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>javax</groupId> <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId> <version>6.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax</groupId> <artifactId>javaee-web-api</artifactId> <version>6.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency>            <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>springmvc</finalName> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <source>1.8</source> <target>1.8</target> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build></project>

1.数据持久层Mybatis+MySQL

1.1 MySQL数据准备

安装好mysql，登录后新建数据库，然后建立user表，这里建立了一个很简单的表。

mysql> desc user; +---------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +---------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | | | name | varchar(255) | NO | | | | | address | varchar(255) | NO | | GX | | +---------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+

然后随便插入几条测试数据：

到这里，mysql里面的数据准备好了，接下来要通过Mybatis来获取。

1.2 Mybatis配置和使用

配置文件在mybatis目录下新建。

1.2.1 新建实体类和访问接口

1）根据数据库的user表，在entities目录下新建一个与之一一对应的Java类User.java:

package com.jay.entities;public class User { private Integer id; private String name; private String address; public User(){} public User(Integer id, String name, String address) { this.id = id; this.name = name; this.address = address; } public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getAddress() { return address; } public void setAddress(String address) { this.address = address; } @Override public String toString() { return "User{" + "id=" + id + ", name='" + name + '\'' + ", address='" + address + '\'' + '}'; } }

2）建立访问底层数据的接口UserDao，这里为了方便，只定义了一个方法。

package com.jay.dao;import com.jay.entities.User; import java.util.List;public interface UserDao { List<User> getAllUsers(); }

1.2.2 配置MySQL连接信息

在mybatis目录下新建mysql.properties文件：

mybatis/mysql.propertiesdriver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/数据库名 username=root password=root

1.2.3 配置Mybatis信息

1）配置与UserDao对应的Mapper.xml文件

新建文件mybatis/mapping/UserDaoMapper.xml

mybatis/mapping/UserDaoMapper.xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.jay.dao.UserDao">  <select id="getAllUsers" resultType="User"> select id,`name`,address from user </select></mapper>

2）配置Mybatis与mysql的连接文件

mybatis/mybatis.xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration>  <properties resource="mybatis/mysql.properties"></properties>  <typeAliases> <package name="com.jay.entities"/> </typeAliases>  <environments default="development"> <environment id="development"> <transactionManager type="JDBC" /> <dataSource type="POOLED"> <property name="driver" value="${driver}" /> <property name="url" value="${url}" /> <property name="username" value="${username}" /> <property name="password" value="${password}" /> </dataSource> </environment> </environments>  <mappers> <mapper resource="mybatis/mapping/UserDaoMapper.xml" /> </mappers></configuration>

3）配置log4j

新建文件resources/log4j.properties

log4j.rootLogger=INFO,Console,Stdout#Console log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.Console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=%d [%t] %-5p [%c] - %m%nlog4j.logger.java.sql.ResultSet=INFO log4j.logger.org.apache=INFO log4j.logger.java.sql.Connection=DEBUG log4j.logger.java.sql.Statement=DEBUG log4j.logger.java.sql.PreparedStatement=DEBUG log4j.appender.Stdout = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender log4j.appender.Stdout.File = E://logs/log.log log4j.appender.Stdout.Append = true log4j.appender.Stdout.Threshold = DEBUG log4j.appender.Stdout.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.Stdout.layout.ConversionPattern = %-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [ %t:%r ] - [ %p ] %m%n

1.2.4 测试Mybatis访问Mysql的数据

1）在test目录下新建测试类UserDaoTest.java

2）运行结果

hi [User{id=1, name='bing', address='BoBai'}, User{id=2, name='Jay', address='BoBai'}, User{id=3, name='baba', address='YuLin'}] 1,bing,BoBai 2,Jay,BoBai 3,baba,YuLinProcess finished with exit code 0

控制台打印出来的内容和mysql数据里面的信息一致，说明Mybatis已经可以正确获取Mysql里的数据了，接下来在项目目前完成的基础上集成Spring。

2.Spring+Mybatis

2.1 Spring配置

从上面的例子可以看到，如果要访问数据，那么我们就必须先要读取mybatis.xml配置文件，然后生成SqlSessionFactory对象，再获取对应的session才可以访问数据。现在要把这些工作都交给Spring来完成（配置即可），就不用手动读取配置新建对象那么麻烦了。而且原来配置在mybatis.xml文件中的信息，都可以全部移到spring配置文件中来，原来的mybatis.xml文件存在价值不大了。

在spring目录下新建spring-mybatis.xml文件:

spring/spring-mybatis.xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">  <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"> <property name="locations"> <list> <value>classpath:mybatis/mysql.properties</value>  </list> </property> </bean>  <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">  <property name="driverClassName"> <value>${driver}</value> </property> <property name="url"> <value>${url}</value> </property> <property name="username"> <value>${username}</value> </property> <property name="password"> <value>${password}</value> </property> </bean>  <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <property name="basePackage" value="com.jay.dao.*" /> </bean>  <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mybatis/mapping/*.xml"/> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis/mybatis.xml" /> </bean>  <context:component-scan base-package="com.jay.*" />  <bean id="userDao" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperFactoryBean"> <property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactory"></property> <property name="mapperInterface" value="com.jay.dao.UserDao"></property> </bean></beans>

这个时候的mybatis.xml文件内容大都可以不要了，注释掉

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration>    <typeAliases> <package name="com.jay.entities"/> </typeAliases>                </configuration>

2.2 测试

在UserDaoTest.java类里添加测试方法testSpringMybatis()

import com.jay.dao.UserDao; import com.jay.entities.User; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder; import org.apache.log4j.Logger; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;import java.io.InputStream; import java.util.List;public class UserDaoTest { private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(UserDaoTest.class); public static void main(String[] args) { // testMybatis(); testSpringMybatis(); } private static void testSpringMybatis(){ ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring/spring-mybatis.xml"); SqlSessionFactory factory = (SqlSessionFactory) context.getBean("sqlSessionFactory"); //获得会话对象 SqlSession session = factory.openSession(true); try { //通过MyBatis实现接口UserDAO，返回实例 UserDao userDao = session.getMapper(UserDao.class); List<User> users = userDao.getAllUsers(); System.out.println(users); users.forEach(user-> logger.info(user.getId()+","+user.getName()+","+user.getAddress())); } finally { session.close(); } } private static void testMybatis(){ System.out.println("hi"); // 获得环境配置文件流 InputStream config = UserDaoTest.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("mybatis/mybatis.xml"); // 创建sql会话工厂 SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(config); //获得会话对象 SqlSession session = factory.openSession(true); try { //通过MyBatis实现接口UserDAO，返回实例 UserDao userDao = session.getMapper(UserDao.class); List<User> users = userDao.getAllUsers(); logger.info(users); users.forEach(user-> logger.info(user.getId()+","+user.getName()+","+user.getAddress())); } finally { session.close(); } } }

2.3 运行结果

[User{id=1, name='bing', address='BoBai'}, User{id=2, name='Jay', address='BoBai'}, User{id=3, name='baba', address='YuLin'}] 2017-09-02 12:02:55,259 [main] INFO [UserDaoTest] - 1,bing,BoBai 2017-09-02 12:02:55,259 [main] INFO [UserDaoTest] - 2,Jay,BoBai 2017-09-02 12:02:55,259 [main] INFO [UserDaoTest] - 3,baba,YuLinProcess finished with exit code 0

集成Spring后，可以通过Spring配置正常获取mysql的数据，说明到这都是畅通的。接下来加入Spring MVC模块。

3.加入Spring MVC处理请求

3.1 配置spring-mvc.xml文件

在spring目录下新建spring-mvc.xml文件

spring/spring-mvc.xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">  <context:annotation-config/>  <context:component-scan base-package="com.jay.controller"> <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/> </context:component-scan>  <mvc:annotation-driven/>  <bean id="defaultViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean></beans>

3.2 web.xml配置

web.xml不仅要处理转发请求，还要加载Spring文件和Spring MVC的配置文件，添加上下文监听器、编码过滤等。非常重要的一个文件。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0">  <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list>  <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring/spring-mybatis.xml</param-value> </context-param>  <filter> <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>  <context-param>  <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:log4j.properties</param-value> </context-param>  <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener>  <servlet> <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param>  <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring/spring-mvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> <async-supported>true</async-supported> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>  <error-page>  <error-code>404</error-code> <location>/WEB-INF/views/errorpage/404.jsp</location> </error-page> <error-page>  <error-code>405</error-code> <location>/WEB-INF/views/errorpage/405.jsp</location> </error-page> <error-page>  <error-code>500</error-code> <location>/WEB-INF/views/errorpage/500.jsp</location> </error-page></web-app>

3.3 MVC（视图层、控制层、模块服务层）

3.3.1 视图层文件

1)修改webapp目录下的index.jsp

项目启动页面，可以在以后的开发中设置为登录验证页面。

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><html> <head> </head> <body> <h1>登录，首页</h1> </body> </html>

2）在WEB-INF/views/目录下添加文件

page1.jsp展示从数据库获取的user数据信息

WEB-INF/views/page1.jsp<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><html> <head> </head> <body> <h1>Hello world!</h1> ${user.id} ${user.name} </body> </html>

errorpage目录下的是错误跳转页面

WEB-INF/views/errorpage/404.jsp<%@page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="utf-8"%><html> <body> <h2>404 err</h2> </body> </html> ----------------------------------------- WEB-INF/views/errorpage/405.jsp<%@page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="utf-8"%><html> <body> <h2>405 err</h2> </body> </html> ----------------------------------------- WEB-INF/views/errorpage/500.jsp<%@page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="utf-8"%><html> <body> <h2>500 err</h2> </body> </html> -----------------------------------------

3.3.2 控制层

在com.jay.controller包下新建UserController.java。主要有两个方法，getUser()返回user对象信息给page1.jsp处理，然后在前端页面展示数据库的数据信息。方法sayHi验证前后数据传输是否正常。

package com.jay.controller;import com.jay.entities.User; import com.jay.service.UserService; import org.apache.log4j.Logger; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;import javax.annotation.Resource; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import java.util.List;@Controller public class UserController { private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(UserController.class); @Resource private UserService service; /** *返回user对象信息给page1.jsp处理，然后在前端页面展示 */ @RequestMapping("/page1") public ModelAndView getUser() { System.out.println("访问page1的后台。。。"); ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("page1"); List<User> users = service.getAllUser(); System.out.println(users); mav.addObject("user", users.get(0)); return mav; // return "page1"; //跳转到.jsp结尾的对应文件（page1.jsp）,此时返回值是String } /** * 直接返回字符串给请求的页面（这里在请求URL增加参数v是验证前后台通信是否正常） * @param request * @param response * @return */ @RequestMapping(value = "/say", produces = "text/html;charset=UTF-8") @ResponseBody public String sayHi(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) { String name = request.getParameter("v"); List<User> users = service.getAllUser(); logger.info("{name:jay,context:hi,你好}"); return name+"-{name:jay,context:hi,你好}"+users; }}

3.3.3 服务层

在com.jay.service下新建接口和实现类。

访问接口，没有任何注解。

package com.jay.service;import com.jay.entities.User;import java.util.List;public interface UserService { List<User> getAllUser(); }

接口实现类，注解@Service并制定名称，同时@Scope("prototype")设定每次访问都创建一个新对象，通过@Resource自动注入userDao。通过userDao就可以寻找映射的mybatis文件，从而正常获取数据库的信息。

package com.jay.service.impl;import com.jay.dao.UserDao; import com.jay.entities.User; import com.jay.service.UserService; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import javax.annotation.Resource; import java.util.List;@Service("userServiceImpl") @Scope("prototype") public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService { @Resource private UserDao userDao; @Override public List<User> getAllUser() { return userDao.getAllUsers(); } }

4.测试

给IDEA添加本地Tomcat服务器，然后将本项目发布到Tomcat并启动。

启动后访问项目：

1.访问：http://localhost:8080/springmvc/ 页面显示：登录，首页 2.访问：http://localhost:8080/springmvc/page1 页面显示： Hello world! 1 bing （数据库获取的信息，这里只提取一条来说明）3.访问：http://localhost:8080/springmvc/say?v=cainiao 页面显示： cainiao-{name:jay,context:hi,你好}[User{id=1, name='bing', address='BoBai'}, User{id=2, name='Jay', address='BoBai'}, User{id=3, name='baba', address='YuLin'}]

至此，可以直接从前端URL请求，通过SpringMVC、Spring、Mybatis正常访问MySQL的数据，流程走通。

5.总结

本例子只是一个最简单的demo，只是用来说明框架搭建的过程。

每个环节都有十分丰富的内容需要学习和补充，比如Mybatis部分CURD、动态SQL、事务处理等，Spring部分有日志、事务、权限等AOP切面、并发处理、IO性能等，前端也有Struts等各种框架。

源码地址：

git@github.com:FEFJay/spring_demo.git

参考链接：

http://blog.csdn.net/Evankaka/article/details/48785513

http://wiki.jikexueyuan.com/project/spring/mvc-framework/spring-mvc-hello-world-example.html

其他未列出的链接

正文

Spring MVC+Spring+Mybatis+MySQL(IDEA)入门框架搭建