Java实现微信网页授权

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开发前的准备：

1、需要有一个公众号（我这里用的测试号），拿到AppID和AppSecret；

2、进入公众号开发者中心页配置授权回调域名。具体位置：接口权限-网页服务-网页账号-网页授权获取用户基本信息-修改

注意，这里仅需填写全域名（如www.qq.com、www.baidu.com），勿加 http:// 等协议头及具体的地址字段；

我们可以通过使用Ngrok来虚拟一个域名映射到本地开发环境，网址https://www.ngrok.cc/，大家自己去下载学习怎么使用

同时还需要扫一下这个二维码

授权步骤：

1、引导用户进入授权页面同意授权，获取code

2、通过code换取网页授权access_token（与基础支持中的access_token不同）

3、通过网页授权access_token和openid获取用户基本信息

先看一下我的项目结构：

web.xml相关代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>WxAuth</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list> <servlet>
<servlet-name>wxCallBack</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.xingshang.servlet.CallBackSerclet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>dbUrl</param-name>
<param-value>jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/wxauth</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>driverClassName</param-name>
<param-value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>userName</param-name>
<param-value>root</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>passWord</param-name>
<param-value>123456</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet> <servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>wxCallBack</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/wxCallBack</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping></web-app>

AuthUtil工具类：

package com.xingshang.util;import java.io.IOException;import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;import net.sf.json.JSONObject;public class AuthUtil { public static final String APPID = "wx45c1428e5584fcdb";
public static final String APPSECRET = "98174450eb706ada330f37e646be85d5"; public static JSONObject doGetJson(String url) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException{
JSONObject jsonObject = null;
//首先初始化HttpClient对象
DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
//通过get方式进行提交
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
//通过HTTPclient的execute方法进行发送请求
HttpResponse response = client.execute(httpGet);
//从response里面拿自己想要的结果
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if(entity != null){
String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity,"UTF-8");
jsonObject = jsonObject.fromObject(result);
}
//把链接释放掉
httpGet.releaseConnection();
return jsonObject;
}
}

Java实现：

1、引导用户进入授权页面同意授权，获取code

这一步其实就是将需要授权的页面url拼接到微信的认证请求接口里面，比如需要用户在访问页面时进行授权认证

其中的scope参数有两个值：

snsapi_base：只能获取到用户openid。好处是静默认证，无需用户手动点击认证按钮，感觉上像是直接进入网站一样。

snsapi_userinfo：可以获取到openid、昵称、头像、所在地等信息。需要用户手动点击认证按钮。

相关代码:

package com.xingshang.servlet;import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import com.xingshang.util.AuthUtil;import net.sf.json.JSONObject;/**
* 回调地址
* @author Administrator
*
*/
//@WebServlet("/callBack")
public class CallBackSerclet extends HttpServlet { /**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private String dbUrl;
private String driverClassName;
private String userName;
private String passWord; private Connection conn =null;
private PreparedStatement ps =null;
private ResultSet rs = null; //初始化数据库
@Override
public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException { //加载驱动
try {
this.dbUrl = config.getInitParameter("dbUrl");
this.driverClassName = config.getInitParameter("driverClassName");
this.userName = config.getInitParameter("userName");
this.passWord = config.getInitParameter("passWord");
Class.forName(driverClassName);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
} @Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { //第二步：通过code换取网页授权access_token //从request里面获取code参数(当微信服务器访问回调地址的时候，会把code参数传递过来)
String code = request.getParameter("code"); System.out.println("code:"+code); //获取code后，请求以下链接获取access_token
String url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token?appid=" + AuthUtil.APPID
+ "&secret=" + AuthUtil.APPSECRET
+ "&code=" + code
+ "&grant_type=authorization_code"; //通过网络请求方法来请求上面这个接口
JSONObject jsonObject = AuthUtil.doGetJson(url); System.out.println("==========================jsonObject"+jsonObject); //从返回的JSON数据中取出access_token和openid，拉取用户信息时用
String token = jsonObject.getString("access_token");
String openid = jsonObject.getString("openid"); // 第三步：刷新access_token（如果需要） // 第四步：拉取用户信息(需scope为 snsapi_userinfo)
String infoUrl ="https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/userinfo?access_token=" + token
+ "&openid=" + openid
+ "&lang=zh_CN";
//通过网络请求方法来请求上面这个接口
JSONObject userInfo = AuthUtil.doGetJson(infoUrl); System.out.println(userInfo); //第1种情况：使用微信用户信息直接登录，无需注册和绑定
// request.setAttribute("info", userInfo);
//直接跳转
// request.getRequestDispatcher("/index1.jsp").forward(request, response); //第2种情况：将微信与当前系统的账号进行绑定(需将第1种情况和@WebServlet("/callBack")注释掉)
//第一步，根据当前openid查询数据库，看是否该账号已经进行绑定
try {
String nickname = getNickName(openid);
if(!"".equals(nickname)){
//已绑定
request.setAttribute("nickname", nickname);
request.getRequestDispatcher("/index2.jsp").forward(request, response);
}else{
//未绑定
request.setAttribute("openid", openid);
request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request, response);
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} } //数据库的查询
public String getNickName(String openid) throws SQLException{
String nickName = "";
//创建数据库链接
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUrl, userName, passWord);
String sql = "select nickname from user where openid = ?";
ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
ps.setString(1, openid);
rs = ps.executeQuery();
while (rs.next()) {
nickName = rs.getString("nickname");
} //关闭链接
rs.close();
ps.close();
conn.close(); return nickName;
} //数据库的修改(openid的綁定)
public int updateUser(String account,String password,String openid) throws SQLException{ //创建数据库链接
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUrl, userName, passWord);
String sql = "update user set openid = ? where account = ? and password = ?";
ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
ps.setString(1, openid);
ps.setString(2, account);
ps.setString(3, password);
int temp = ps.executeUpdate(); //关闭链接
rs.close();
ps.close();
conn.close(); return temp;
} //post方法，用来接受登录请求
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { String account = request.getParameter("account");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
String openid = request.getParameter("openid"); try {
int temp = updateUser(account, password, openid); if(temp > 0){
String nickname = getNickName(openid);
request.setAttribute("nickname", nickname);
request.getRequestDispatcher("/index2.jsp").forward(request, response);
System.out.println("账号绑定成功");
}else{
System.out.println("账号绑定失败");
} } catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} }}

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/WxAuth/wxCallBack" method="post">
<input type="text" name="account" />
<input type="password" name="password" />
<input type="hidden" name="openid" value="${openid }" />
<input type="submit" value="提交并绑定" />
</form>
</body>
</html>

index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body style="font-size: 40px; text-align: center;">
<a href="/WxAuth/wxLogin">微信公众授权登录</a>
</body>
</html>

index1.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<div>登陆成功！</div>
<div>用户昵称:${info.nickname}</div>
<div>用户头像:<img style="text-align: top;" width="100" src="${info.headimgurl }"></div>
</body>
</html>

index2.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<div>登陆成功！</div>
<div>用户昵称:${nickname}</div>
</body>
</html>

最后附上需要的jar包