Visual Studio 调试技巧[Command Window & Immediate Window ](Tips)

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1. immediate window 定义的一些 alias （//z 2012-3-13 14:04:44 PM IS2120@CSDN）

alias ? Debug.Print
alias ?? Debug.QuickWatch
alias AddProj File.AddNewProject
alias alias Tools.Alias
alias autos Debug.Autos
alias bl Debug.Breakpoints
alias bp Debug.ToggleBreakpoint
alias callstack Debug.CallStack
alias ClearBook Edit.ClearBookmarks
alias close File.Close
alias CloseAll Window.CloseAllDocuments
alias cls Edit.ClearAll
alias cmd View.CommandWindow
alias code View.ViewCode
alias d Debug.ListMemory
alias da Debug.ListMemory /Ansi
alias db Debug.ListMemory /Format:OneByte
alias dc Debug.ListMemory /Format:FourBytes /Ansi
alias dd Debug.ListMemory /Format:FourBytes
alias DelBOL Edit.DeleteToBOL
alias DelEOL Edit.DeleteToEOL
alias DelHSp Edit.DeleteHorizontalWhiteSpace
alias designer View.ViewDesigner
alias df Debug.ListMemory /Format:Float
alias disasm Debug.Disassembly
alias dq Debug.ListMemory /Format:EightBytes
alias du Debug.ListMemory /Unicode
alias eval Debug.EvaluateStatement
alias exit File.Exit
alias format Edit.FormatSelection
alias FullScreen View.FullScreen
alias g Debug.Start
alias GotoBrace Edit.GotoBrace
alias GotoLn Edit.GoTo
alias help Help.F1Help
alias immed Tools.ImmediateMode
alias InsertFile Edit.InsertFileAsText
alias k Debug.ListCallStack
alias kb Debug.ListCallStack
alias Lcase Edit.MakeLowercase
alias LineCut Edit.LineCut
alias LineDel Edit.LineDelete
alias ListMembers Edit.ListMembers
alias locals Debug.Locals
alias log Tools.LogCommandWindowOutput
alias memory memory1
alias memory1 Debug.Memory1
alias memory2 Debug.Memory2
alias memory3 Debug.Memory3
alias memory4 Debug.Memory4
alias n Debug.SetRadix
alias nav navigate
alias navigate View.WebBrowser
alias new File.NewFile
alias NewProj File.NewProject
alias NextBook Edit.NextBookmark
alias nf File.NewFile
alias np File.NewProject
alias of File.OpenFile
alias op File.OpenProject
alias open File.OpenFile
alias OutlineDefs Edit.CollapsetoDefinitions
alias p Debug.StepOver
alias ParamInfo Edit.ParameterInfo
alias pr Debug.StepOut
alias PrevBook Edit.PreviousBookmark
alias print File.Print
alias props View.PropertiesWindow
alias q Debug.StopDebugging
alias r Debug.ListRegisters
alias redo Edit.Redo
alias registers Debug.Registers
alias rtc Debug.RunToCursor
alias save File.SaveSelectedItems
alias SaveAll File.SaveAll
alias SaveAs File.SaveSelectedItemsAs
alias shell Tools.Shell
alias StopFind Edit.FindInFiles /stop
alias StopOutlining Edit.CollapsetoDefinitions
alias SwapAnchor Edit.SwapAnchor
alias t Debug.StepInto
alias tabify Edit.TabifySelectedLines
alias TaskList View.TaskList
alias threads Debug.Threads
alias TileH Window.TileHorizontally
alias TileV Window.TileVertically
alias ToggleBook Edit.ToggleBookmark
alias toolbox View.Toolbox
alias u Debug.ListDisassembly
alias Ucase Edit.MakeUppercase
alias undo Edit.Undo
alias Untabify Edit.UntabifySelectedLines
alias watch Debug.Watch
alias WordWrap Edit.ToggleWordWrap
alias | Debug.ListProcesses
alias ~ Debug.ListThreads
alias ~*k Debug.ListCallStack /AllThreads
alias ~*kb Debug.ListCallStack /AllThreads

//z 2012-3-13 14:04:44 PM IS2120@CSDN

2. 两个窗口的相互切换

Task	Solution	Example
Evaluate an expression.	Preface the expression with a question mark (?).	`? a+b`
Temporarily enter Command mode while in Immediate mode (to execute a single command).	Enter the command, prefacing it with a greater than sign (>).	`>alias`
Switch to the Command window.	Enter `cmd` into the window, prefacing it with a greater than sign (>).	`>cmd`
Switch back to the Immediate window.	Enter `immed` into the window without the greater than sign (>).	`immed`

3. Command Window

The Command window is used to execute commands or aliases directly in the Visual Studio integrated development environment (IDE). You can execute both menu commands and commands that do not appear on any menu. To display theCommand window, choose Other Windows from theView menu, and select Command Window.

This section explains the commands and aliases available from the Command window.

Task	Solution	Example
Evaluate an expression.	Preface the expression with a question mark (?).	? myvar
Switch to an Immediate window.	Enter immed into the window without the greater than sign (>)	immed
Switch back to the Command window from an Immediate window.	Enter cmd into the window.	>cmd

The following shortcuts help you navigate while in Command mode.

4. 等号在两个窗口的含义是不一样的
在COMMAND窗口，作为一个比较字符串，而在immediate window 作为一个赋值操作符
The Equals (=) Sign

The window used to enter the EvaluateStatement command determines whether an equals sign (=) is interpreted as a comparison operator or as an assignment operator.

In the Command window, an equals sign (=) is interpreted as a comparison operator. You cannot use assignment operators in theCommand window. So, for example, if the values of variablesvarA and varB are different, then the command

>Debug.EvaluateStatement(varA=varB)

will return a value of False.

In the Immediate window, by contrast, an equals sign (=) is interpreted as an assignment operator. So, for example, the command

>Debug.EvaluateStatement(varA=varB)

will assign to variable varA the value of variable varB.

5. 预定义的一些命令别名

Command Name	Alias	Complete Name
Print Command	?	Debug.Print
Quick Watch Command	??	Debug.Quickwatch
Add New Project	AddProj	File.AddNewProject
Alias Command	Alias	Tools.Alias
Autos window	Autos	Debug.Autos
Breakpoints window	bl	Debug.Breakpoints
Toggle Breakpoint	bp	Debug.ToggleBreakPoint
Call Stack window	CallStack	Debug.CallStack
Clear Bookmarks	ClearBook	Edit.ClearBookmarks
Close	Close	File.Close
Close All Documents	CloseAll	Window.CloseAllDocuments
Clear All	cls	Edit.ClearAll
Command mode	cmd	View.CommandWindow
	code	View.ViewCode
List Memory Command	d	Debug.ListMemory
List Memory Command as ANSI	da	Debug.ListMemory /Ansi
List Memory Command One Byte format	db	Debug.ListMemory /Format:OneByte
List Memory Command as ANSI with Four Byte format	dc	Debug.ListMemory /Format:FourBytes /Ansi
List Memory Command Four Byte format	dd	Debug.ListMemory /Format:FourBytes
Delete to BOL	DelBOL	Edit.DeleteToBOL
Delete to EOL	DelEOL	Edit.DeleteToEOL
Delete Horizontal Whitespace	DelHSp	Edit.DeleteHorizontalWhitespace
View Designer	designer	View.ViewDesigner
List Memory Command Float format	df	Debug.ListMemory/Format:Float
Disassembly window	disasm	Debug.Disassembly
List Memory Command Eight Byte format	dq	Debug.ListMemory /Format:EightBytes
List Memory Command as Unicode	du	Debug.ListMemory /Unicode
Evaluate Statement Command	eval	Debug.EvaluateStatement
Exit	Exit	File.Exit
Format Selection	format	Edit.FormatSelection
Full Screen	FullScreen	View.FullScreen
Start Command	g	Debug.Start
Go To Command	GotoLn	Edit.GoTo
Go to Brace	GotoBrace	Edit.GotoBrace
F1Help	Help	Help.F1Help
Immediate Mode	immed	Tools.ImmediateMode
Insert File as Text	InsertFile	Edit.InsertFileAsText
List Call Stack Command	kb	Debug.ListCallStack
Make Lower Case	Lcase	Edit.MakeLowercase
Cut Line	LineCut	Edit.LineCut
Delete Line	LineDel	Edit.LineDelete
List Members	ListMembers	Edit.ListMembers
Locals window	Locals	Debug.Locals
Log Command Window Output Command	Log	Tools.LogCommandWindowOutput
Command Window Mark Mode	mark	Tools.CommandWindowMarkMode
Memory window	Memory Memory1	Debug.Memory1
Memory Window 2	Memory2	Debug.Memory2
Memory Window 3	Memory3	Debug.Memory3
Memory Window 4	Memory4	Debug.Memory4
Set Radix Command	n	Debug.SetRadix
ShowWebBrowser Command	nav navigate	View.ShowWebBrowser
Next Bookmark	NextBook	Edit.NextBookmark
New File Command	nf	File.NewFile
New Project	np NewProj	File.NewProject
Open File Command	of Open	File.OpenFile
Open Project Command	op	File.OpenProject
Collapse to Definitions/Stop Outlining	OutlineDefs StopOutlining	Edit.CollapsetoDefinitions
Step Over	p	Debug.StepOver
Parameter Information	ParamInfo	Edit.ParameterInfo
Step Out	pr	Debug.StepOut
Previous Bookmark	PrevBook	Edit.PreviousBookmark
Print File	print	File.Print
Properties Window	props	View.PropertiesWindow
Stop	q	Debug.StopDebugging
Redo	redo	Edit.Redo
Registers window	registers	Debug.Registers
Run to Cursor	rtc	Debug.RunToCursor
Save Selected Items	save	File.SaveSelectedItems
Save All	SaveAll	File.SaveAll
Save As	SaveAs	File.SaveSelectedItemsAs
Shell Command	shell	Tools.Shell
Stop Find In Files	StopFind	Edit.FindInFiles /stop
Swap Anchor	SwapAnchor	Edit.SwapAnchor
Step Into	t	Debug.StepInto
Tabify Selection	tabify	Edit.TabifySelection
Tasklist window	TaskList	View.TaskList
Threads window	Threads	Debug.Threads
Tile Horizontally	TileH	Window.TileHorizontally
Tile Vertically	TileV	Window.TileVertically
Toggle Bookmark	ToggleBook	Edit.ToggleBookmark
Toolbox window	toolbox	View.Toolbox
List Disassembly Command	u	Debug.ListDisassembly
Make Uppercase	Ucase	Edit.MakeUppercase
Undo	undo	Edit.Undo
Untabify Selection	Untabify	Edit.UntabifySelection
Watch window	Watch	Debug.WatchN
Toggle Word Wrap	WordWrap	Edit.ToggleWordWrap
List Processes	\|	Debug.ListProcesses
List Threads Command	~ ~k ~kb	Debug.ListThreads Debug.ListTheads /AllThreads

6. 对别名的一些操作

To create an alias for a Visual Studio command

Open the Command window or place the focus in the Find/Command box.
Type >alias, then the name for the alias, followed by the command you want to create an alias for. For example:

>alias MyAlias File.NewFile MyFile
Press ENTER.
The status bar displays the text "Alias <aliasname> created". The new alias now appears in the auto-completion list for commands.

To delete an alias for a Visual Studio command

Open the Command window or place the focus in the Find/Command box.
Type >alias, then the name of the alias, followed by/delete. For example:

>alias myalias /delete
Press ENTER.
The status bar displays the text "Alias <aliasname> deleted".

To view a list of all current aliases and their definitions

In the Command window, type >alias and press ENTER.
A list of the current Visual Studio command aliases appears, including the definitions for the aliases. You can then print the contents of theCommand window.
Tip
To clear the contents of the Command window, type >cls.

Tip
To clear the contents of the Command window, type >cls.

To view the definition for a single alias

In the Command window, type >alias followed by the alias name.

7. immediate window 在各个VS版本的支持程度（//z 2012-3-13 14:04:44 PM IS2120@CSDN）

Visual Studio Edition	Visual Basic	C#	C++	J#
Express	No	No	No	No
Standard	Yes	Yes	No	Yes
Pro/Team	Yes	Yes	No	Yes

来源： http://blog.csdn.net/is2120/article/details/7348554