10-RabbitMQ-整合SpringBoot

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RabbitMQ整个SpringBoot

SpringBoot因其配置简单、快速开发，已经成为热门的开发之一

消息中间件的工作过程可以用生产者消费者模型来表示.即,生产者不断的向消息队列发送信息

而消费者从消息队列中消费信息.具体过程如下:

从上图可看出,对于消息队列来说,生产者,消息队列,消费者是最重要的三个概念

生产者发消息到消息队列中去,消费者监听指定的消息队列,并且当消息队列收到消息之后,

接收消息队列传来的消息,并且给予相应的处理.消息队列常用于分布式系统之间互相信息的传递.

使用SpringBoot进行整合RabbitMQ

1.pom文件的引入

这是操作RabbitMQ的starter必须要进行引入的

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

2.配置文件进行基础的配置

spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/user
spring.rabbitmq.port=
spring.rabbitmq.password=user
spring.rabbitmq.username=user
spring.rabbitmq.host=192.168.43.157

RabbitMQ的模式

1、direct模式

配置Queue(消息队列).那注意由于采用的是Direct模式,需要在配置Queue的时候,指定一个键

使其和交换机绑定.

DirectQueue.java

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;@Configuration
public class DirectQueue {
//若队列不存在则进行创建队列
//返回的是队列名字
@Bean
public Queue queue(){
return new Queue("direct_queue");
}
}

消息生产者

Sender.java

import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Component
public class Sender { @Autowired
private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate; public void send(){
String msg = "direct_queue";
User user = new User();
user.setName("MrChegns");
user.setAge();
amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("direct_queue",user);
}}

此时发送的消息是一个User类型的对象

对于发送对象需要实现序列化接口

User.java

package com.cr.rabbitmqs.direct;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class User implements Serializable {
private String name;
private int age;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public User(String name, int age) {this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
public User() {
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
'}';
}
}

消费者

Receive.java

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Component
public class Receive {
//对队列进行监听
//同时可以监听多个队列
@RabbitListener(queues = "direct_queue")
public void listen(User msg){
System.out.println(msg);
}
}

测试：

@Autowired
private Sender sender; @Test
public void test1(){
sender.send();
}

得到的结果i：

2、topic模式

首先我们看发送端,我们需要配置队列Queue,再配置交换机(Exchange)

再把队列按照相应的规则绑定到交换机上

Topic.java

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;@Configuration
public class Topic { //创建队列
@Bean(name = "message")
public Queue Aqueue(){
return new Queue("message.topic");
} @Bean(name = "message1")
public Queue BQueue(){
return new Queue("message.topics");
} //交换机
//若不存在则进行创建交换机
@Bean
public TopicExchange exchange(){
return new TopicExchange("topic_exchange");
} //交换机和队列进行绑定
@Bean
Binding bindingExchangeTopic(@Qualifier("message")Queue message,TopicExchange exchange){
return BindingBuilder.bind(message).to(exchange).with("message.topic");
}
@Bean
Binding bindingExchangeTopics(@Qualifier("message1")Queue message,TopicExchange exchange){
return BindingBuilder.bind(message).to(exchange).with("message.#");
}
}

消费者

Receive1.java

import com.cr.rabbitmqs.direct.User;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Component
public class Receive1 {

@RabbitListener(queues = "message.topic")
public void tes(User user){
System.out.println( "user1111:" + user);
}
}

Receive2.java

import com.cr.rabbitmqs.direct.User;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Component
public class Receive2 { @RabbitListener(queues = "message.topics")
public void tes(User user){
System.out.println("user222:" + user);
}
}

消息生产者：

TopicSend.java

import com.cr.rabbitmqs.direct.User;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Component
public class TopicSend {
@Autowired
private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate; //发送消息
public void send(){
User user = new User("name",); amqpTemplate.convertSendAndReceive("topic_exchange","message.dev",user);
} //发送消息
public void send1(){

User user = new User("name",12);

amqpTemplate.convertSendAndReceive("topic_exchange","message.topic",user );

}
}

在开发中这种模式的使用还是相对比较多的，此时测试的是两种方法

一个方法所有的队列都可以进行获取

一个方法只有一个队列可以获取到消息

测试：

@Autowired
private TopicSend topicSend; @Test
public void ttt(){
topicSend.send();
}

测试：

@Autowired
private TopicSend topicSend; @Test
public void ttt(){
topicSend.send1();
}

后台查看交换机和队列的绑定关系以机相关的路由键

3、fanout

那前面已经介绍过了,Fanout Exchange形式又叫广播形式,因此我们发送到路由器的消息会使

得绑定到该路由器的每一个Queue接收到消息,这个时候就算指定了Key,或者规则(即上文中

convertAndSend方法的参数2),也会被忽略!那么直接上代码,发送端配置如下：

Fanout.java

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.FanoutExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;@Configuration
public class Fanout { //队列
//如果队列不存在会自动创建队列
@Bean
public Queue queueA(){
return new Queue("queueA");
} @Bean
public Queue queueB(){
return new Queue("queueB");
} @Bean
public Queue queueC(){
return new Queue("queueC");
} //交换机
//如果交换机不存在会自动创建队列
@Bean
public FanoutExchange fanoutExchange(){
return new FanoutExchange("fanoutExchange");
} //将交换机和队列进行绑定
@Bean
Binding bindingExchangequeueA(Queue queueA,FanoutExchange fanoutExchange){
return BindingBuilder.bind(queueA).to(fanoutExchange);
} @Bean
Binding bindingExchangequeueB(Queue queueB,FanoutExchange fanoutExchange){
return BindingBuilder.bind(queueB).to(fanoutExchange);
} @Bean
Binding bindingExchangequeueC(Queue queueC,FanoutExchange fanoutExchange){
return BindingBuilder.bind(queueC).to(fanoutExchange);
}
}

消费者：

FanoutReceive.java

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Component
//监听器
@RabbitListener(queues = "queueA")
public class FanoutReceive { //监听的方法
@RabbitHandler
public void listen(String msg){
System.out.println("queueA" + msg);
}}

FanoutSender.java

import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Component
public class FanoutSender { @Autowired
private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate; //发送消息
public void send(){
String msg = "test fanout....";
//发送消息：参数依次是交换机名字--路由键（此时设置路由键没有作用）--消息
amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("fanoutExchange","",msg);
}
}

测试：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class BpptandrabbitmqApplicationTests {
//测试fanout
@Autowired
private FanoutSender fanoutSender; @Test
public void fanout() {
fanoutSender.send();
}}

此时3个队列都能接收到消息