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（七）Spring Cloud 配置中心config
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spring cloud config是一个基于http协议的远程配置实现方式。
通过统一的配置管理服务器进行配置管理，客户端通过http协议主动的拉取服务的的配置信息，完成配置获取。
下面我们对spring cloud config配置中心进行搭建
主要有以下模块
eureka-server 服务注册中心
eureka-config config配置中心
eureka-config-resp1 git远程仓库，用于存储客户端的配置文件
eureka-client1 客户端1，它的配置从config配置中心读取
eureka-client2 客户端2，它的配置从config配置中心读取
1. eureka-server注册中心
1.1 eureka-server pom 文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.devin</groupId>
<artifactId>eureka-server</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>eureka-server</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR3</spring-cloud.version>
</properties> <dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-sleuth</artifactId>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies> <dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement> <build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build></project>
1.2 安全配置
package com.devin.eurekaserver.config;import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;@EnableWebSecurity
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter { @Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
//关闭csrf
super.configure(http);
//开启认证
http.csrf().disable();
}
}
1.3 启动类
package com.devin.eurekaserver;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;@EnableEurekaServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class EurekaServerApplication { public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class, args);
}}
1.4 eureka-server application.yml 配置
启动端口为 7001
server:
port: 7001 #启动端口
spring:
#应用名称
application:
name: eureka-server
#安全配置
security:
basic:
enabled: true
user:
name: dev
password: 123456#eureka配置
eureka:
server:
#设置扫描失效服务的间隔时间
eviction-interval-timer-in-ms: 20000
enable-self-preservation: true
instance:
hostname: localhost
leaseRenewalIntervalInSeconds: 10
health-check-url-path: /actuator/health
client:
register-with-eureka: false #false:不作为一个客户端注册到注册中心
fetch-registry: false #为true时，可以启动，但报异常：Cannot execute request on any known server
service-url:
defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/# health endpoint是否必须显示全部细节。默认情况下, /actuator/health 是公开的，并且不显示细节。
# 设置actuator开关
management:
security:
enabled: false
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: "*"
endpoint:
health:
show-details: ALWAYS
2. 配置中心config
2.1 pom.xml 完整配置
主要添加了 config-server（配置中心） ,mq ,actuator（spring bus配置中心刷新）， eureka-client 的依赖
ps: 搭建时在使用idea自带的版本时，在用到配置刷新时会报mq的异常，所以这里更改了spirngboot和spirng cloud的版本，具体看配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.2.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.devin</groupId>
<artifactId>eureka-config</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>eureka-config</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
</properties> <dependencies> <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-sleuth</artifactId>
</dependency> <!-- springcloud-bus依赖实现配置自动更新，rabbitmq -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bus-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies> <dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement> <build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build></project>
2.2 启动类
@EnableConfigServer 对config配置中心的支持
@EnableEurekaClient 将配置中心也作为一个eureka-client在注册中心进行注册
package com.devin.eurekaconfig;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.config.server.EnableConfigServer;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;@EnableConfigServer
@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class EurekaConfigApplication { public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(EurekaConfigApplication.class, args);
}}
2.3 config配置中心的配置文件
我们这里采用了多profile的配置，分别对应dev和test环境
2.3.1 bootstrap.yml
主要配置了连接git仓库的地址，这里我们查找的路径按项目进行划分，使用了{application}占位，当客户端的服务名为eureka-client时，将在git地址的eureka-client文件夹下进行配置查找并使用
server:
port: 7009spring:
profiles:
active: dev
#应用名称
application:
name: eureka-config
cloud:
config:
server:
git:
uri: https://github.com/devinzhang0209/eureka-config-resp1.git
# username: devinzhang0209
# password: yourgithubpassword
search-paths: /{application}
label: master# health endpoint是否必须显示全部细节。默认情况下, /actuator/health 是公开的，并且不显示细节。
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: "*"
endpoint:
health:
show-details: ALWAYS
2.3.2 测试环境功能 bootstrap-dev.yml
主要配置了向eureka-server 进行注册，以及mq的配置用于配置的刷新
#配置config服务的账号密码
spring:
security:
user:
name: dev-config
password: 123456
rabbitmq:
host: localhost
port: 5672
username: guest
password: guest#注册中心配置
eureka:
auth:
user: dev
password: 123456
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://${eureka.auth.user}:${eureka.auth.password}@localhost:7001/eureka/
instance:
#使用IP进行注册
prefer-ip-address: true
#配置实例的注册ID
instance-id: ${spring.cloud.client.ip-address}:${server.port}
#心跳时间，即服务续约间隔时间（缺省为30s）
lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 5
#发呆时间，即服务续约到期时间（缺省为90s）
lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 10
health-check-url-path: /actuator/health
2.3.3 测试环境功能 bootstrap-test.yml
这里的配置和dev环境一样，主要是为了测试test环境去读取git仓库中test对应的配置信息
#配置config服务的账号密码
spring:
security:
user:
name: dev-config-test
password: test123456#注册中心配置
eureka:
auth:
user: dev-test
password: test123456
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://${eureka.auth.user}:${eureka.auth.password}@192.168.0.12:7001/eureka/
instance:
#使用IP进行注册
prefer-ip-address: true
#配置实例的注册ID
instance-id: ${spring.cloud.client.ip-address}:${server.port}
#心跳时间，即服务续约间隔时间（缺省为30s）
lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 5
#发呆时间，即服务续约到期时间（缺省为90s）
lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 10
health-check-url-path: /actuator/health
3. git仓库 eureka-config-resp1
git仓库中主要存储了不同eureka-client客户端的不同环境对应的配置文件, 结构如下：
git的地址是 https://github.com/devinzhang0209/eureka-config-resp1.git 这里我设置的是一个公共的仓库
下面我们展示eureka-clien的配置
3.1 application.yml
spring:
application:
name: eureka-client
3.2 application-dev.yml
server:
port: 7003
msg: this msg is response by port 7003
3.3 application-test.yml
server:
port: 7004
msg: this msg is response by port 7004
4. eureka-client
4.1 pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.2.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.devin</groupId>
<artifactId>eureka-client</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>eureka-client</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<!--<spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR3</spring-cloud.version>-->
<spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
</properties> <dependencies> <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
<version>1.4.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bus-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
<version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency> <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies> <dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement> <build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build></project>
4.2 启动类
package com.devin.eurekaclient;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class EurekaClientApplication { public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(EurekaClientApplication.class, args);
}}
4.3 controller 测试类
其中 @RefreshScope，用于后续spring config bus刷新配置文件
package com.devin.eurekaclient.controller;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.cloud.context.config.annotation.RefreshScope;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;/**
* @author Devin Zhang
* @className HelloController
* @description TODO
* @date 2020/4/2 9:50
*/
@RefreshScope
@RestController
public class HelloController {
@Value("${server.port}")
private Integer port; @Value("${msg}")
private String msg; @GetMapping("/getMSG")
public String getMsg() {
return msg + " ,response by port:" + port;
}
}
4.4 eureka-client的本地配置文件
4.4.1 bootstrap.yml
spring:
profiles:
active: dev
#应用名称
application:
name: eureka-client
# health endpoint是否必须显示全部细节。默认情况下, /actuator/health 是公开的，并且不显示细节。
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: "*"
endpoint:
health:
show-details: ALWAYS
4.4.2 bootstrap-dev.yml
#注册中心配置
eureka:
auth:
user: dev
password: 123456
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://${eureka.auth.user}:${eureka.auth.password}@localhost:7001/eureka/
instance:
#使用IP进行注册
prefer-ip-address: true
#配置实例的注册ID
instance-id: ${spring.cloud.client.ip-address}:${server.port}
#心跳时间，即服务续约间隔时间（缺省为30s）
lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 5
#发呆时间，即服务续约到期时间（缺省为90s）
lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 10
health-check-url-path: /actuator/healthspring:
cloud:
#config服务配置
config:
username: dev-config
password: 123456
fail-fast: false
#重试间隔时间
retry:
initial-interval: 3000
#从注册中心获取配置服务，以及配置服务名称
discovery:
enabled: true
service-id: eureka-config
rabbitmq:
host: localhost
port: 5672
username: guest
password: guest
4.4.3 bootstrap-test.yml
#注册中心配置
eureka:
auth:
user: dev
password: 123456
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://${eureka.auth.user}:${eureka.auth.password}@localhost:7001/eureka/
instance:
#使用IP进行注册
prefer-ip-address: true
#配置实例的注册ID
instance-id: ${spring.cloud.client.ip-address}:${server.port}
#心跳时间，即服务续约间隔时间（缺省为30s）
lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 5
#发呆时间，即服务续约到期时间（缺省为90s）
lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 10
health-check-url-path: /actuator/healthspring:
cloud:
#config服务配置
config:
username: dev-config
password: 123456
fail-fast: false
#重试间隔时间
retry:
initial-interval: 3000
#从注册中心获取配置服务，以及配置服务名称
discovery:
enabled: true
service-id: eureka-config
rabbitmq:
host: localhost
port: 5672
username: guest
password: guest
5. eureka-client2
eureka-client2 和 eureka-client 完全一样只是实例的名称不一样，方便我们验证多个client在配置中心注册 ，此处代码就不在展示
7. 消息队列RabbitMQ
配置中心刷新时需要用到消息队列
7.1 安装RabbitMQ
本文直接在windows上验证，需要安装如下软件：
Erlang otp_win64_22.3.exe
RabbitMQ rabbitmq-server-3.8.3.exe
7.2 配置环境变量
安装完成后需要如下环境变量
ERLANG_HOME=D:\Program Files\erl10.7
RABBITQM_SERVER=D:\Program Files\RabbitMQ Server\rabbitmq_server-3.8.3
path=%Path%;%ERLANG_HOME%\bin;%RABBITQM_SERVER%\sbin;
7.3 启动mq的服务
7.4 开启RabbitMQ管理服务端
rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
开启后访问的默认地址： http://localhost:15672/ 默认账号密码 guest/guest
8 验证配置中心
分别启动
eureka-server
eureka-config
eureka-client
eureka-client2
启动 eureka-client 和eureka-clent2 从启动日志中可以看到程序已经去配置中心7009读取配置并从github上读取了配置文件并使用
分别访问
http://localhost:7003/getMSG
http://localhost:7005/getMSG
可以看到euerka-client 和 eureka-client2 已经读取了启动端口，Controller也通过@Value读取了git中的配置信息
9. Spring Cloud Bus 刷新配置
刷新配置我们需要注意如下几点
1. 在使用刷新配置时，需要去掉eureka-config 和eueka-client 中的安全验证 ，直接在pom文件中去掉如下依赖即可
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
2. 在eureka-config 和eueka-client 的yml配置文件中添加RabbitMQ的配置
#配置config服务的账号密码
spring:
security:
user:
name: dev-config
password: 123456
rabbitmq:
host: localhost
port: 5672
username: guest
password: guest
3. 在客户端所有用到读取配置文件的类上加上 @RefreshScope
4. 刷新配置
刷新配置可以访问eureka-config也可以访问任何一个eureka-client的服务进行刷新，如下刷新请求只能通过post请求去调用
通过eureka-config 去刷新 http://localhost:7009/actuator/bus-refresh
通过eureka-client 去刷新 http://localhost:7003/actuator/bus-refresh
刷新后我们再后台log中可以看到，客户端已经去github上重新读取了最新的配置
再次访问客户端，可以看到客户端已经读取到了最新的配置
http://localhost:7003/getMSG
http://localhost:7005/getMSG
至此，spring cloud config配置中心搭建完毕
