CSS绘制简单图形

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究竟该用字体图标、图片图标、还是CSS画一个图标？我也不知道。各有千秋吧。本文将介绍如何用css绘制简单的图形，所有测试在chrome58.0完成，如果你不能得到正确结果请到caniuse查一查看看是不是需要什么前缀。

一、基础

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>basic shapes</title>
<style type="text/css">
div{
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.div1{
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
border-top: 50px solid red;
border-right: 50px solid blue;
border-bottom: 50px solid yellow;
border-left: 50px solid green;
} .div2{
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
border-right: 50px solid blue;
border-bottom: 100px solid yellow;
border-left: 50px solid green;
}
.div3{
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
border-right: 25px solid blue;
border-bottom: 100px solid yellow;
border-left: 25px solid green;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="div1">div1</div>
<span>border的神奇之处</span>
<hr>
<div class="div2">div2</div>
<span>黄色三角形，底边100px高100px</span>
<hr>
<div class="div3">div3</div>
<span>黄色的等腰梯形，上底50,下底100,高100</span>
</body>
</html>

上面代码的效果是这样的

border是如何工作的，你可以从上面的结果自行体会。

二、特殊三角形

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>三角形</title>
<style type="text/css">
div{
box-sizing: border-box;
margin:20px;
}
.container::after{
content: "";
display: block;
clear: both;
}
.div1{
width: 100px;
height: 0;
border-bottom: 100px solid red;
border-left: 50px solid transparent;
border-right: 50px solid transparent;
float: left;
}
.div2{
width: 0;
height: 100px;
border-bottom: 50px solid transparent;
border-left: 100px solid blue;
border-top: 50px solid transparent;
float: left;
}
.div3{
width: 100px;
height: 0;
border-top: 100px solid yellow;
border-left: 50px solid transparent;
border-right: 50px solid transparent;
float: left;
}
.div4{
width: 0;
height: 100px;
border-bottom: 50px solid transparent;
border-right: 100px solid green;
border-top: 50px solid transparent;
float: left;
}
.div5{
width: 100px;
height: 0;
border-bottom: 86.6px solid red;
border-left: 50px solid transparent;
border-right: 50px solid transparent;
float: left;
}
.div6{
width: 100px;
height: 0;
border-bottom: 100px solid blue;
/*border-left: 50px solid transparent;*/
border-right: 100px solid transparent;
float: left;
}
.div7{
width: 100px;
height: 0;
border-bottom: 100px solid blue;
/*border-left: 50px solid transparent;*/
border-right: 100px solid transparent;
float: left;
transform: rotate(135deg);
transform-origin: 50% 50%;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<h4>等腰三角形</h4>
<div class="div1"></div>
<div class="div2"></div>
<div class="div3"></div>
<div class="div4"></div>
</div>
<div class="container">
<h4>其他特殊三角形</h4>
<div class="div5">等边</div>
<div class="div6">直角</div>
<div class="div7">直角</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

等腰三角形我做了4个方向的，当然你也可以用旋转来做，就像div7那样。制作三角形比较简单，只要对我前面将的基础加以改造就可以了。

三、特殊四边形

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>四边形</title>
<style type="text/css">
div{
box-sizing: border-box;
margin:20px;
}
.container::after{
content: "";
display: block;
clear: both;
}
.div1{
background: transparent;
width: 0;
height: 100px;
border-bottom: 50px solid transparent;
border-right: 100px solid green;
border-top: 50px solid transparent;
float: left;
position: relative;
box-sizing: border-box; }
.div1::after{
content: "";
position: absolute;
top: -50px;
left: 100px;
background: transparent;
width: 0;
height: 100px;
border-bottom: 50px solid transparent;
border-left: 100px solid green;
border-top: 50px solid transparent;
float: left;
position: relative;
box-sizing: border-box;
} .div2{
background: transparent;
width: 80px;
height: 0;
border-bottom: 50px solid green;
border-right: 40px solid transparent;
border-left: 40px solid transparent;
float: left;
position: relative;
box-sizing: border-box;
margin-left: 100px;
}
.div2::after{
content: "";
position: absolute;
top: 50px;
left: -40px;
width: 80px;
height: 0;
border-top: 50px solid green;
border-right: 40px solid transparent;
border-left: 40px solid transparent;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.div5{
width: 100px;
height: 0;
border-bottom: 100px solid green;
border-left: 25px solid transparent;
border-right: 25px solid transparent;
float: left;
}
.div6{
width: 100px;
height: 0;
border-bottom: 100px solid green;
border-right: 40px solid transparent;
float: left;
}
.div7{
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background: green;
transform: skew(30deg,0);
float: left;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<h4>菱形</h4>
<div class="div1"></div>
<div class="div2"></div>
</div>
<div class="container">
<h4>梯形和平行四边形</h4>
<div class="div5">等腰</div>
<div class="div6">直角</div>
<div class="div7">平行四边形</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

四、圆和椭圆

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>圆和椭圆</title>
<style type="text/css">
.div1{
width: 50px;
height: 50px;
border-radius: 25px;
box-sizing: border-box;
background: red;
float: left;
}
.div2 {
width: 100px;
height: 80px;
background: green;
border-radius: 50px / 40px;
float: left;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="div1"></div>
<div class="div2"></div>
</body>
</html>

科普一下：http://www.css88.com/book/css/properties/border/border-radius.htm

以前都只用一个参参数的，所以写博客可以帮助查漏补缺。

五、复杂一点的图形

1、正多边形

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>正多边形</title>
<style type="text/css">
.five {
top: 50px;
position: relative;
width: 54px;
border-width: 50px 18px 0;
border-style: solid;
border-color: red transparent;
}
.five::before {
content: "";
position: absolute;
height: 0;
width: 0;
top: -85px;
left: -18px;
border-width: 0 45px 35px;
border-style: solid;
border-color: transparent transparent green;
}
.six{
width: 100px;
height: 0px;
border-width:0px 18.59px 60px;
border-style: solid;
border-color: transparent transparent red;
margin-top: 60px;
position: relative;
}
.six::after{
content: "";
width: 100px;
height: 0px;
border-width:60px 18.59px 0px;
border-style: solid;
border-color: green transparent transparent;
position: absolute;
top: 60px;
left: -18.59px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="five"></div>
<div class="six"></div>
</body>
</html>

正五边形是借鉴的大神的（不知道是不是正的，我没算），思路是做一个梯形，然后拼接一个三角形，正六边形是我根据他的思路用两个梯形拼接的，如果我没有计算错误这应该是一个正六边形（怎么有点不像呢），计算目的是保证，腰和短底长相等。我刻意用不同颜色表示了拆分情况，便于理解。正八变形怎么做？只需要拆解成两个梯形和一个矩形就好做了。正n边形怎么做，也是把它看作基本图形的组合，只不过可能单靠两个伪元素已经不够用了。

2、大大的爱心送给你

.aixin{
border-width: 200px 150px 0;
border-style: solid;;
border-color: red transparent;
width: 0px;
position: relative;
top: 200px;
left: 100px;
}
.aixin::before{
content: "";
width: 180px;
height: 180px;
display: block;
border-radius: 90px;
background: red;
position: absolute;
top: -357px;
left: -180px;
}
.aixin:after{
content: "";
width: 180px;
height: 180px;
display: block;
border-radius: 90px;
background: red;
position: absolute;
top: -357px;
left:;
}

数据没算，调整出来的。人要实心啊，搞个空心太不像话了，你自己去弄吧。两个圈圈加个三角形就可以了，原来爱这么简单。

3、对话框

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>对话框</title>
<style type="text/css">
.div1{
width: 300px;
height: 100px;
border: 1px solid #97FFFF;
position: relative;
left: 100px;
border-radius: 10px;
}
.div1::after,.div1::before{
content: ""; display: block;
width: 0;
height: 0;
border-style: solid;
border-color:transparent #97FFFF transparent transparent;
position: absolute;
top: 30px;
left: -50px;
}
.div1::after{
border-width: 21px 50px 21px 0;
}
.div1::before{
top: 31px;
border-width: 20px 50px 20px 0;
border-color: transparent white transparent transparent;
z-index: 1000;
left: -49px;
} .div2{
width: 300px;
height: 100px;
border: 1px solid #97FFFF;
position: relative;
left: 100px;
border-radius: 10px;
margin-top: 20px;
}
.div2::after,.div2::before{
content: ""; display: block;
width: 0;
height: 0;
border-style: solid;
border-color:transparent transparent transparent #97FFFF;
position: absolute;
top: 30px;
left: 300px;
}
.div2::after{
border-width: 21px 0px 21px 50px;
}
.div2::before{
top: 31px;
border-width: 20px 0px 20px 50px;
border-color: transparent transparent transparent white;
z-index: 1000;
left: 299px;
} </style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="div1">
</div> <div class="div2"></div></body>
</html>