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C#操作项目配置文件

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12/01
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前言

对于项目配置文件的读取和修改，.net 提供了ConfigurationManager（位于System.Configuration命名空间） 和WebConfigurationManager（位于System.Web.Configuration命名空间）两个类，能够很方便的操作项目的配置文件。另外，对于 Web 应用程序配置，建议使用 WebConfigurationManager 类，而不要使用 ConfigurationManager 类。

演示

下面是一个asp.net mvc5项目的项目配置文件

Web.config 

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

 <!--

   有关如何配置 ASP.NET 应用程序的详细信息，请访问

   http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=301880

   -->

 <configuration>

   <configSections>

     <!-- For more information on Entity Framework configuration, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=237468 -->

     <section name="entityFramework" type="System.Data.Entity.Internal.ConfigFile.EntityFrameworkSection, EntityFramework, Version=6.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" requirePermission="false" />

   </configSections>

   <connectionStrings>

     <add name="DefaultConnection" connectionString="Data Source=(LocalDb)\v11.0;AttachDbFilename=|DataDirectory|\aspnet-WebApplication1-20160513023153.mdf;Initial Catalog=aspnet-WebApplication1-20160513023153;Integrated Security=True" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" />

     <add name="MoocEntities" connectionString="metadata=res://*/Models.MOOC.csdl|res://*/Models.MOOC.ssdl|res://*/Models.MOOC.msl;provider=System.Data.SqlClient;provider connection string=&quot;data source=.;initial catalog=Mooc;user id=sa;password=aaaaaa;MultipleActiveResultSets=True;App=EntityFramework&quot;" providerName="System.Data.EntityClient" />

   </connectionStrings>

   <appSettings>

     <add key="webpages:Version" value="3.0.0.0" />

     <add key="webpages:Enabled" value="false" />

     <add key="ClientValidationEnabled" value="true" />

     <add key="UnobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled" value="true" />

   </appSettings>

   <system.web>

     <authentication mode="None" />

     <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.5" />

     <httpRuntime targetFramework="4.5" />

   </system.web>

   <system.webServer>

     <modules>

       <remove name="FormsAuthenticationModule" />

     </modules>

   </system.webServer>

   <runtime>

     <assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">

       <dependentAssembly>

         <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Helpers" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />

         <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0" />

       </dependentAssembly>

       <dependentAssembly>

         <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Mvc" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />

         <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-5.0.0.0" newVersion="5.0.0.0" />

       </dependentAssembly>

       <dependentAssembly>

         <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.WebPages" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />

         <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0" />

       </dependentAssembly>

       <dependentAssembly>

         <assemblyIdentity name="WebGrease" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />

         <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-1.5.2.14234" newVersion="1.5.2.14234" />

       </dependentAssembly>

     </assemblyBinding>

   </runtime>

   <entityFramework>

     <defaultConnectionFactory type="System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.LocalDbConnectionFactory, EntityFramework">

       <parameters>

         <parameter value="v11.0" />

       </parameters>

     </defaultConnectionFactory>

     <providers>

       <provider invariantName="System.Data.SqlClient" type="System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices, EntityFramework.SqlServer" />

     </providers>

   </entityFramework>

 </configuration>

获取与修改appSettings配置节点下的属性值

WebConfigurationManager提供了AppSettings属性，便于访问配置文件中appSettings节点下的元素的value值

下图为 Web.config中要获取值的元素

编写如下代码，并在第27行打上断点调试 

 using System;

 using System.Collections.Generic;

 using System.Linq;

 using System.Web;

 using System.Web.Mvc;

 using System.Web.Configuration;

 using System.Text;

 using System.Collections.Specialized;

 using System.Collections;

 using System.Diagnostics;

 namespace WebApplication1.Controllers

 {

     public class HomeController : Controller

     {

         public ActionResult Index()

         {

             string version = WebConfigurationManager.AppSettings["webpages:Version"];

             string enabled = WebConfigurationManager.AppSettings["webpages:Enabled"];

             string clientValidationEnabled = WebConfigurationManager.AppSettings["ClientValidationEnabled"];

             string unobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled = WebConfigurationManager.AppSettings["UnobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled"];

             Debug.WriteLine("配置信息如下");

             Debug.WriteLine(version);

             Debug.WriteLine(enabled);

             Debug.WriteLine(clientValidationEnabled);

             Debug.WriteLine(unobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled);

             return Content("");

         }

     }

 }

调试模式“输出”窗口

以WebConfigurationManager.AppSettings["ClientValidationEnabled"]="要修改的值" 可直接修改值 

 using System;

 using System.Collections.Generic;

 using System.Linq;

 using System.Web;

 using System.Web.Mvc;

 using System.Web.Configuration;

 using System.Text;

 using System.Collections.Specialized;

 using System.Collections;

 using System.Diagnostics;

 namespace WebApplication1.Controllers

 {

     public class HomeController : Controller

     {

         public ActionResult Index()

         {

             string version = WebConfigurationManager.AppSettings["webpages:Version"];

             string enabled = WebConfigurationManager.AppSettings["webpages:Enabled"];

             WebConfigurationManager.AppSettings["ClientValidationEnabled"]="aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa";//动态修改value

             string clientValidationEnabled = WebConfigurationManager.AppSettings["ClientValidationEnabled"];

             string unobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled = WebConfigurationManager.AppSettings["UnobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled"];

             Debug.WriteLine("配置信息如下");

             Debug.WriteLine(version);

             Debug.WriteLine(enabled);

             Debug.WriteLine(clientValidationEnabled);

             Debug.WriteLine(unobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled);

             return Content("");

         }

     }

 }

调试输出

连接字符串修改 
 /*获取数据库连接字符串*/

 string moocConnection = WebConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["MoocEntities"].ConnectionString;

 Debug.WriteLine("连接字符串如下：");//打印

 Debug.WriteLine(moocConnection);//打印

未完待续-----

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