AIDL/IPC Android AIDL/IPC 进程通信机制——超具体解说及使用方法案例剖析(播放器)

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首先引申下AIDL。什么是AIDL呢？IPC？ ------ Designing a Remote Interface Using AIDL

通常情况下，我们在同一进程内会使用Binder、BroadCastReciver让Service跟Activity进行通信。数据交互，数据共享。可是跨进程呢？

IPC：IPC接口，IPC接口本地代理 ------ Implementing IPC Using AIDL

AIDL意为：Android Interface Define Language 即 Android 接口描写叙述语言

与J2ee的差别：Java中不同意跨进程内存共享，仅仅传递对象，採用RMI方式，也能够通过序列化传递对象

Android AIDL: 採用AIDL方式。能够传递Bundle，实现起来略微麻烦些

实现过程：在服务端定义AIDL文件，ADT插件编译器将其编译之后。会在R文件同级文件夹文件下生成.java文件，轻量级，使用代理类在client和实现层间传

递值

语法：能够申明接口和方法，參数和返回值不是不论什么类型，不须要申明import，String。charSequence等

AIDL使用起来也不是非常麻烦。我个人感觉非常有用！

所以今天就说说关于AIDL的特性。非常多朋友在自己的博客仅仅是说它的理论而不是写一些实例来解说。我个人感觉你仅仅是说说他的

理论，一般人根本就看不懂。并且本来就是非常抽象的东西，又摸不着，你们写了也是白写。

全然不顾新手的感受。应该是写一些小样例，让大家參与进来一起学习和探讨效果才最佳！

并且也不是一大堆的文字，看起来也不会那么乏味。大家说是不？

以下就開始今天的AIDL/IPC解说与学习吧~，概念都讲的差点儿相同了，接下来就是实战。代码小样例给刚開始学习的人细嚼慢咽

从服务端线程開始写，结构图：

EngineerJspRemoteService.aidl 写完之后保存，就会在gen文件自己主动创建一个.java文件

EngineerJspService.java

package com.example.engineerjspserver;
/**
* AIDL/IPC
* @author Engineer-Jsp
* @date 2014.11.17
* */
import java.io.FileDescriptor;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.media.MediaPlayer;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.util.Log;
public class EngineerJspService extends Service{
private static final String TAG = "EngineerJspService";
MediaPlayer player;
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
Log.d(TAG, "EngineerJspService is onBind..."+"\n来自client的绑定操作已经完毕...");
if(player==null){
player = MediaPlayer.create(this, R.raw.music);
player = new MediaPlayer();
try {
FileDescriptor file = getResources().openRawResourceFd(R.raw.music).getFileDescriptor();
player.setDataSource(file);
player.setLooping(true);
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.d(TAG, e.toString());
}
Log.d(TAG, "player is created..."+"\n服务端播放器已经实例化。准备就绪...");
}
return binder;
}
private IBinder binder = new EngineerJspRemoteService.Stub() {@Override
public void onStop() throws RemoteException {
try {
if(player.isPlaying()){
Log.d(TAG, "client进程对服务端进程运行了暂停操作...");
player.stop();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.d(TAG, e.toString());
}
}@Override
public void onPause() throws RemoteException {
try {
if(player.isPlaying()){
return;
}
Log.d(TAG, "client进程对服务端进程运行了開始操作...");
player.prepare();
player.start();
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.d(TAG, e.toString());
}
}
};
public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) {
if(player!=null){
player.release();
}
Log.d(TAG, "EngineerJspService is onUnBind..."+"\nclient已经解绑断线，服务停止了...");
return super.onUnbind(intent);};}

配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.engineerjspserver"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" > <uses-sdk
android:minSdkVersion="15"
android:targetSdkVersion="18" /> <application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
<activity
android:name="com.example.engineerjspserver.MainAcivity"
android:label="@string/app_name" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<service android:name=".EngineerJspService" android:process=":remote">
<intent-filter >
<action android:name="com.example.engineerjspserver.EngineerJspService"/>
</intent-filter>
</service>
</application></manifest>

当完毕上述操作之后。须要在res文件夹下导入測试文件，比方我的測试文件一个music.mp3，须要与layout文件同级

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搞定服务端之后。接下来就是client线程编写，之后进行进程通信測试

把服务端的aidl文件所在的包所有复制到client的src下。把aidl文件除外的所有删掉

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EngineerJspActivity.java

package com.example.engineerjspclient;
/**
* AIDL/IPC
* @author Engineer-Jsp
* @date 2014.11.17
* */
import com.example.engineerjspserver.EngineerJspRemoteService;import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
public class EngineerJspActivity extends Activity {
private static final String TAG = "EngineerJspActivity";
private static final String ACTION = "com.example.engineerjspserver.EngineerJspService";
private EngineerJspRemoteService EJService;
private boolean isBind = false;
private Button onPause,onStart;private ServiceConnection connection = new ServiceConnection() {
@Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
isBind = false;
EJService = null;
Log.d(TAG, "onServiceDisconnected" +
"————"+"包名："+name.getPackageName()+" "+"类名： "+name.getClassName()+"\n当client线程断线操作。服务将被清空...");
}
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder ibinder) {
EJService = EngineerJspRemoteService.Stub.asInterface(ibinder);
isBind = true;
Log.d(TAG, "onServiceConnected————"+"包名："+name.getPackageName()+" "+"类名： "+name.getClassName()+" "+"ibinder对象: "+ibinder.toString()+"\nclient线程与服务端线程连接中...");
}
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_engineer_jsp);
Log.d(TAG, "client线程Activity创建成功,初始化控件与绑定服务中...");
Bind();
intiView();
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
UnBind();
Log.d(TAG, "client线程被销毁，活动被解绑停止了...");
super.onDestroy();
}
public void Bind(){
Log.d(TAG, "Activity已经创建完毕，运行绑定服务端线程活动中...");
Intent intent = new Intent(ACTION);
bindService(intent, connection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}
public void UnBind(){
if(isBind){
Log.d(TAG, "Activity被销毁了，与服务端线程的通信将被解绑停止...");
unbindService(connection);
EJService = null;
isBind = false;
}
}
private void intiView(){
onPause = (Button)findViewById(R.id.onPause);
onStart = (Button)findViewById(R.id.onStop);
onPause.setOnClickListener(listener);
onStart.setOnClickListener(listener);
Log.d(TAG, "服务端线程的组件初始化完毕...");
}
private OnClickListener listener = new OnClickListener(){@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
if(view.getId()==R.id.onPause){
try {
EJService.onPause();
Log.d(TAG, "client线程对服务端线程运行了播放操作...");
Toast.makeText(EngineerJspActivity.this,"client线程对服务端线程运行了播放操作...", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.d(TAG, e.toString());
}
}else{
try {
EJService.onStop();
Log.d(TAG, "client线程对服务端线程运行了暂停操作...");
Toast.makeText(EngineerJspActivity.this,"client线程对服务端线程运行了暂停操作...", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.d(TAG, e.toString());
}
}
} };
}

activity_engineer_jsp.xml

配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.engineerjspclient"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" > <uses-sdk
android:minSdkVersion="15"
android:targetSdkVersion="18" /> <application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
<activity
android:name="com.example.engineerjspclient.EngineerJspActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application></manifest>