windows下CMake使用图文手册 Part 2

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例子２：有目录的项目

我现在有个文件夹ProjectDate，有如下文件结构

E:.
│ CMakeLists.txt
│
├─include
│      Date.h
│
└─src
        date.cpp
        main.cpp

include文件夹下是头文件Date.ｈ

#ifndef DATE_H
#define DATE_H

class Date
{
private:
    int m_year;
    int m_month;
    int m_day;
public:
    Date(int year, int month, int day);
    void SetDate(int year, int month, int day);
    int getYear() { return m_year; }
    int getMonth() { return m_month; }
    int getDay() { return m_day; }
};
#endif

src文件夹下面是源文件Date.cpp和main.cpp

// Date.cpp
#include "Date.h"

// Date constructor
Date::Date(int year, int month, int day)
{
    SetDate(year, month, day);
}

// Date member function
void Date::SetDate(int year, int month, int day)
{
    m_month = month;
    m_day = day;
    m_year = year;
}

// Main.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include "date.h"

int main()
{
    Date date(2016,05,05);
    std::cout<<"Year:"<<date.getYear()<<" Month:"<<date.getMonth()
    <<" day:"<<date.getDay()<<std::endl;
}

CMakeLists.txt内容如下：

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5.2)
project(directory_test)

#Bring the headers, such as Date.h into the project
include_directories(include)

#Can manually add the sources using the set command as follows:
#set(SOURCES src/mainapp.cpp src/Date.cpp)

#However, the file(GLOB...) allows for wildcard additions:
file(GLOB SOURCES "src/*.cpp")

add_executable(testDate ${SOURCES})

第一行已经介绍过，设置CMake最低版本
第二行project命令设置项目名称
include_directories() 命令加入头文件所在文件夹
set(SOURCES … )可以加入文件到SOURCES变量中，但是你需要一个文件一个文件的单独加入，使用范围比较小，所以被注释掉了
经常使用的是file()命令来把文件加入到项目中。GLOB表示要将后面表达式"src/*.cpp"表示的所有文件加入到SOURCES变量中
add_executable使用SOURCES变量生成testDate可执行文件

PROJECT指令的语法是：

PROJECT(projectname [CXX] [C] [Java])
用于定义工程名称，并可指定工程支持的语言，默认表示支持所有语言。

这次我们使用cmake命令行，依然建立build文件夹，进入build。首先运行cmake --help看看都有哪些参量可以使用。

> cmake --help
Usage

cmake [options] <path-to-source>
cmake [options] <path-to-existing-build>

Specify a source directory to (re-)generate a build system for it in the
current working directory. Specify an existing build directory to
re-generate its build system.

Options
-C <initial-cache>           = Pre-load a script to populate the cache.
-D <var>[:<type>]=<value>    = Create a cmake cache entry.
-U <globbing_expr>           = Remove matching entries from CMake cache
-G <generator-name>          = Specify a build system generator.
-T <toolset-name>            = Specify toolset name if supported by
                                 generator.
-A <platform-name>           = Specify platform name if supported by
                                 generator.
-Wdev                        = Enable developer warnings.
-Wno-dev                     = Suppress developer warnings.
-Werror=dev                  = Make developer warnings errors.
-Wno-error=dev               = Make developer warnings not errors.
-Wdeprecated                 = Enable deprecation warnings.
-Wno-deprecated              = Suppress deprecation warnings.
-Werror=deprecated           = Make deprecated macro and function warni
                                 errors.
-Wno-error=deprecated        = Make deprecated macro and function warni
                                 not errors.
-E                           = CMake command mode.
-L[A][H]                     = List non-advanced cached variables.
--build <dir>                = Build a CMake-generated project binary t
-N                           = View mode only.
-P <file>                    = Process script mode.
--find-package               = Run in pkg-config like mode.
--graphviz=[file]            = Generate graphviz of dependencies, see
                                 CMakeGraphVizOptions.cmake for more.
--system-information [file] = Dump information about this system.
--debug-trycompile           = Do not delete the try_compile build tree
                                 Only useful on one try_compile at a time
--debug-output               = Put cmake in a debug mode.
--trace                      = Put cmake in trace mode.
--trace-expand               = Put cmake in trace mode with variable
                                 expansion.
--warn-uninitialized         = Warn about uninitialized values.
--warn-unused-vars           = Warn about unused variables.
--no-warn-unused-cli         = Don't warn about command line options.
--check-system-vars          = Find problems with variable usage in sys
                                 files.
--help,-help,-usage,-h,-H,/? = Print usage information and exit.
--version,-version,/V [<f>] = Print version number and exit.
--help-full [<f>]            = Print all help manuals and exit.
--help-manual <man> [<f>]    = Print one help manual and exit.
--help-manual-list [<f>]     = List help manuals available and exit.
--help-command <cmd> [<f>]   = Print help for one command and exit.
--help-command-list [<f>]    = List commands with help available and ex
--help-commands [<f>]        = Print cmake-commands manual and exit.
--help-module <mod> [<f>]    = Print help for one module and exit.
--help-module-list [<f>]     = List modules with help available and exi
--help-modules [<f>]         = Print cmake-modules manual and exit.
--help-policy <cmp> [<f>]    = Print help for one policy and exit.
--help-policy-list [<f>]     = List policies with help available and ex
--help-policies [<f>]        = Print cmake-policies manual and exit.
--help-property <prop> [<f>] = Print help for one property and exit.
--help-property-list [<f>]   = List properties with help available and
                                 exit.
--help-properties [<f>]      = Print cmake-properties manual and exit.
--help-variable var [<f>]    = Print help for one variable and exit.
--help-variable-list [<f>]   = List variables with help available and e
--help-variables [<f>]       = Print cmake-variables manual and exit.

Generators

The following generators are available on this platform:
Visual Studio 14 2015 [arch] = Generates Visual Studio 2015 project fil
                                 Optional [arch] can be "Win64" or "ARM".
Visual Studio 12 2013 [arch] = Generates Visual Studio 2013 project fil
                                 Optional [arch] can be "Win64" or "ARM".
Visual Studio 11 2012 [arch] = Generates Visual Studio 2012 project fil
                                 Optional [arch] can be "Win64" or "ARM".
Visual Studio 10 2010 [arch] = Generates Visual Studio 2010 project fil
                                 Optional [arch] can be "Win64" or "IA64"
Visual Studio 9 2008 [arch] = Generates Visual Studio 2008 project fil
                                 Optional [arch] can be "Win64" or "IA64"
Visual Studio 8 2005 [arch] = Generates Visual Studio 2005 project fil
                                 Optional [arch] can be "Win64".
Visual Studio 7 .NET 2003    = Generates Visual Studio .NET 2003 projec
                                 files.
Visual Studio 7              = Deprecated. Generates Visual Studio .NE
                                 2002 project files.
Visual Studio 6              = Deprecated. Generates Visual Studio 6
                                 project files.
Borland Makefiles            = Generates Borland makefiles.
NMake Makefiles              = Generates NMake makefiles.
NMake Makefiles JOM          = Generates JOM makefiles.
Green Hills MULTI            = Generates Green Hills MULTI files
                                 (experimental, work-in-progress).
MSYS Makefiles               = Generates MSYS makefiles.
MinGW Makefiles              = Generates a make file for use with
                                 mingw32-make.
Unix Makefiles               = Generates standard UNIX makefiles.
Ninja                        = Generates build.ninja files.
Watcom WMake                 = Generates Watcom WMake makefiles.
CodeBlocks - MinGW Makefiles = Generates CodeBlocks project files.
CodeBlocks - NMake Makefiles = Generates CodeBlocks project files.
CodeBlocks - Ninja           = Generates CodeBlocks project files.
CodeBlocks - Unix Makefiles = Generates CodeBlocks project files.
CodeLite - MinGW Makefiles   = Generates CodeLite project files.
CodeLite - NMake Makefiles   = Generates CodeLite project files.
CodeLite - Ninja             = Generates CodeLite project files.
CodeLite - Unix Makefiles    = Generates CodeLite project files.
Eclipse CDT4 - MinGW Makefiles
                               = Generates Eclipse CDT 4.0 project files.
Eclipse CDT4 - NMake Makefiles
                               = Generates Eclipse CDT 4.0 project files.
Eclipse CDT4 - Ninja         = Generates Eclipse CDT 4.0 project files.
Eclipse CDT4 - Unix Makefiles= Generates Eclipse CDT 4.0 project files.
Kate - MinGW Makefiles       = Generates Kate project files.
Kate - NMake Makefiles       = Generates Kate project files.
Kate - Ninja                 = Generates Kate project files.
Kate - Unix Makefiles        = Generates Kate project files.
Sublime Text 2 - MinGW Makefiles
                               = Generates Sublime Text 2 project files.
Sublime Text 2 - NMake Makefiles
                               = Generates Sublime Text 2 project files.
Sublime Text 2 - Ninja       = Generates Sublime Text 2 project files.
Sublime Text 2 - Unix Makefiles
                               = Generates Sublime Text 2 project files.

我们想生成Visual Studio 14 2015 Win64项目文件，所以运行

cmake -G "Visual Studio 14 2015 Win64" ..

> cmake -G "Visual Studio 14 2015 Win64" ..
-- The C compiler identification is MSVC 19.0.23918.0
-- The CXX compiler identification is MSVC 19.0.23918.0
-- Check for working C compiler using: Visual Studio 14 2015 Win64
-- Check for working C compiler using: Visual Studio 14 2015 Win64 -- works
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler using: Visual Studio 14 2015 Win64
-- Check for working CXX compiler using: Visual Studio 14 2015 Win64 -- works
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: E:/Playground/CMakeExamples/ProjectDate/build

msbuild testDate.vcxproj

编译通过，运行

> Debug\testDate.exe
Year:2016 Month:5 day:5