selenium遇到异常自动截图

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最近要在框架中添加case失败时，要自动截图，主要又两种方式，思想都是在抛异常的时候，捕获到异常，并作页面截图处理。今天坐下总结。

一、第一种方式，重写onException方法

只针对webdriver的异常截图，该方法由于只针对webdriver抛的异常时才能截图，有一定的限制

a.继承AbstractWebDriverEventListener类，重写onException方法,

public void onException(java.lang.Throwable throwable,
WebDriver driver){ Throwable cause = throwable.getCause();
/*
String cause = throwable.getClass().getName();
ScreenshotException ec = new ScreenshotException(cause);
*/
System.out.println(throwable.getClass().getName());
System.out.println("onException=" + cause); Date currentTime = new Date();
SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd-hh-mm-ss");
String dateString = formatter.format(currentTime);
File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot) driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
try { File screenshot = new File("D:/ddd/"
+ dateString + ".png");
FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile,screenshot);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

b.测试类，要用EventFiringWebDriver ，并注册MyListen

public static void main(String args[]) { String key = "webdriver.chrome.driver";
String value = "D:/BaiduYunDownload/selenium/chromedriver.exe";
System.setProperty(key, value);
WebDriver dr = new ChromeDriver(); EventFiringWebDriver event = new EventFiringWebDriver(dr);
MyListen ml = new MyListen();
event.register(ml);
dr = event;
dr.get("http://www.baidu.com");
dr.findElement(By.id("kw1")).sendKeys("test");
//System.out.println(5/0); Assert.assertEquals("haha", event.findElement(By.id("su")).getAttribute("value"));
event.quit(); }

二、第二种方式：使用testNG的TestListenerAdapter

a.先建一个类继承TestListenerAdapter，并重写onTestFailure方法

package com.screenshot.exception;import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.apache.velocity.runtime.log.LogManager;
import org.openqa.selenium.OutputType;
import org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.testng.ITestResult;
import org.testng.TestListenerAdapter;import com.screenshot.singleton.TestBase;/**
* @author QiaoJiaofei
* @version 创建时间：2015年8月24日下午6:33:44
* 类说明
*/
public class UseTestNg extends TestListenerAdapter{ @Override
public synchronized void onTestFailure(ITestResult result) {
Object currentClass = result.getInstance();
WebDriver webDriver = ((TestUsNg) currentClass).getDriver(); if (webDriver != null)
{
Date currentTime = new Date();
SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd-hh-mm-ss");
String dateString = formatter.format(currentTime);
File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot) webDriver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
try { File screenshot = new File("D:/ddd/"
+ dateString + ".png");
FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile,screenshot);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} }
}
}

b.创建测试类，注意需要在测试类中写getDriver()方法

package com.screenshot.exception;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;/**
* @author QiaoJiaofei
* @version 创建时间：2015年8月24日下午6:43:44
* 类说明
*/
public class TestUsNg {
private WebDriver dr;
public WebDriver getDriver() {
return dr;
} @Test
public void f() {
String key = "webdriver.chrome.driver";
String value = "D:/BaiduYunDownload/selenium/chromedriver.exe";
System.setProperty(key, value);
dr = new ChromeDriver();
System.out.println(5/0);
}
}

C.在testng的xml文件中添加监听

</listeners>

D.测试类继承该类，每个子类前面要加：@Listeners({com.gm.base.MyListener.class})

三、如何将生成的图片连接到reportNG中，将下面的代码放入上面相应重写的方法中，图片路径与上述代码中生成的图片结合一起。

String imgName = "";//图片路径
Reporter.log("<a href=./img/" + imgName + " target=_blank>Failed Screen Shot</a>", true);

题外：使用Robot主动截图，这种可以在自己想截图的时候调用该方法即可截当前界面

package com.screenshot.book;import java.awt.Rectangle;
import java.awt.Robot;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;import javax.imageio.ImageIO;import org.testng.annotations.Test;/**
* @author QiaoJiaofei
* @version 创建时间：2015年8月26日下午7:40:34
* 类说明
*/
public class TestRobot {
@Test
public void takeScreenShotMethod(){
try{
Thread.sleep(3000);
BufferedImage image = new Robot().createScreenCapture(new Rectangle(Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize()));
ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", new File("D:/ddd/screenshot.jpg"));
}
catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

备注：

使用junit自动截图，可以使用Rule，由于我用的是testNG，所以没有调试junit的方法。详细参考：http://stackoverflow.com/questions/20995722/when-does-onexception-get-triggered-in-webdrivereventlistener

@Rule
public TestRule testWatcher = new TestWatcher() { @Override
public void succeeded(Description test){
for (LogEntry log : driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.DRIVER).getAll()) {
System.out.println("Level:" + log.getLevel().getName());
System.out.println("Message:" + log.getMessage());
System.out.println("Time:" + log.getTimestamp());
System.out.println("-----------------------------------------------");
}
System.out.println(); @Override
public void failed(Throwable t, Description test) { String testName = test.getClassName();
String subTestName = test.getMethodName();
String screenShotName = String.format("%s\\%s", testName, screenShotName);
if (driver instanceof TakesScreenshot) {
File tempFile = ((TakesScreenshot) driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
try {
System.out.println(">>>>>>>>>>LOGS: " + yourDirForImages + "\\" + screenShotName + ".png");
FileUtils.copyFile(tempFile, new File(String.format("%s.png", screenShotName)));
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}