27个Jupyter Notebook使用技巧及快捷键(翻译版)

from IPython.core.interactiveshell import InteractiveShell
InteractiveShell.ast_node_interactivity = "all"

from pydataset import dataquakes = data('quakes')quakes.head()quakes.tail()

c = get_config()#Run all nodes interactivelyc.InteractiveShell.ast_node_interactivity = "all"

In [3]:
?str.replace()Docstring:
S.replace(old, new[, count]) -> strReturn a copy of S with all occurrences of substring
old replaced by new. If the optional argument count is
given, only the first count occurrences are replaced.
Type: method_descriptor

In [53]:# This will list all magic commands%lsmagic

Out[53]:Available line magics:%alias %alias_magic %autocall %automagic %autosave %bookmark %cat %cd %clear %colors %config %connect_info %cp %debug %dhist %dirs %doctest_mode %ed %edit %env %gui %hist %history %killbgscripts %ldir %less %lf %lk %ll %load %load_ext %loadpy %logoff %logon %logstart %logstate %logstop %ls %lsmagic %lx %macro %magic %man %matplotlib %mkdir %more %mv %notebook %page %pastebin %pdb %pdef %pdoc %pfile %pinfo %pinfo2 %popd %pprint %precision %profile %prun %psearch %psource %pushd %pwd %pycat %pylab %qtconsole %quickref %recall %rehashx %reload_ext %rep %rerun %reset %reset_selective %rm %rmdir %run %save %sc %set_env %store %sx %system %tb %time %timeit %unalias %unload_ext %who %who_ls %whos %xdel %xmode

Available cell magics:%%! %%HTML %%SVG %%bash %%capture %%debug %%file %%html %%javascript %%js %%latex %%perl %%prun %%pypy %%python %%python2 %%python3 %%ruby %%script %%sh %%svg %%sx %%system %%time %%timeit %%writefile

In [55]:# Running %env without any arguments# lists all environment variables# The line below sets the environment# variable OMP_NUM_THREADS%env OMP_NUM_THREADS=4env: OMP_NUM_THREADS=4

In [56]:# this will execute and show the output from# all code cells of the specified notebook%run ./two-histograms.ipynb

In [ ]:# Before Running%load ./hello_world.pyIn [61]:# After Running# %load ./hello_world.pyif __name__ == "__main__": print("Hello World!")Hello World!

In [62]:data = 'this is the string I want to pass to different notebook'%store datadel data # This has deleted the variable Stored 'data' (str)Now, in a new notebook…In [1]:%store -r dataprint(data)this is the string I want to pass to different notebook

In [1]:one = "for the money"two = "for the show"three = "to get ready now go cat go"%who strone three two

In [4]:%%timeimport timefor _ in range(1000): time.sleep(0.01)# sleep for 0.01 secondsCPU times: user 21.5 ms, sys: 14.8 ms, total: 36.3 msWall time: 11.6 s

In [3]:import numpy%timeit numpy.random.normal(size=100)The slowest run took 7.29 times longer than the fastest. This could mean that an intermediate result is being cached.100000 loops, best of 3: 5.5 µs per loop

%%writefile pythoncode.pyimport numpydef append_if_not_exists(arr, x): if x not in arr: arr.append(x)def some_useless_slow_function(): arr = list() for i in range(10000): x = numpy.random.randint(0, 10000) append_if_not_exists(arr, x)Writing pythoncode.pyIn [8]:%pycat pythoncode.pyimport numpydef append_if_not_exists(arr, x): if x not in arr: arr.append(x)def some_useless_slow_function(): arr = list() for i in range(10000): x = numpy.random.randint(0, 10000) append_if_not_exists(arr, x)

%prun some_useless_slow_function() 26324 function calls in 0.556 seconds Ordered by: internal time ncalls tottime percall cumtime percall filename:lineno(function) 10000 0.527 0.000 0.528 0.000 <ipython-input-46-b52343f1a2d5>:2(append_if_not_exists) 10000 0.022 0.000 0.022 0.000 {method 'randint' of 'mtrand.RandomState' objects} 1 0.006 0.006 0.556 0.556 <ipython-input-46-b52343f1a2d5>:6(some_useless_slow_function) 6320 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 {method 'append' of 'list' objects} 1 0.000 0.000 0.556 0.556 <string>:1(<module>) 1 0.000 0.000 0.556 0.556 {built-in method exec} 1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {method 'disable' of '_lsprof.Profiler' objects}

In [ ]:
%pdbdef pick_and_take():
picked = numpy.random.randint(0, 1000)
raise NotImplementedError()pick_and_take()Automatic pdb calling has been turned ON---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NotImplementedError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-24-0f6b26649b2e> in <module>()
5 raise NotImplementedError()
6
----> 7 pick_and_take()<ipython-input-24-0f6b26649b2e> in pick_and_take()
3 def pick_and_take():
4 picked = numpy.random.randint(0, 1000)
----> 5 raise NotImplementedError()
6
7 pick_and_take()NotImplementedError: > <ipython-input-24-0f6b26649b2e>(5)pick_and_take()
3 def pick_and_take():
4 picked = numpy.random.randint(0, 1000)
----> 5 raise NotImplementedError()
6
7 pick_and_take()

In [4]:%matplotlib inlinefrom matplotlib import pyplot as pltimport numpyx = numpy.linspace(0, 1, 1000)**1.5In [5]:# Here you get the output of the functionplt.hist(x)Out[5]:(array([ 216., 126., 106., 95., 87., 81., 77., 73., 71., 68.]), array([ 0. , 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1. ]), <a list of 10 Patch objects>)

In [6]:# By adding a semicolon at the end, the output is suppressed.plt.hist(x);

In [7]:!ls *.csvnba_2016.csv titanic.csvpixar_movies.csv whitehouse_employees.csvOr to check and manage packages.In [8]:!pip install numpy!pip list | grep pandasRequirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): numpy in /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packagespandas (0.18.1)

In []:
%%bash
for i in {..}
do
echo "i is $i"
donei is
i is
i is
i is
i is

conda install –c r r-essentials

install.packages(c('repr', 'IRdisplay', 'crayon', 'pbdZMQ', 'devtools'))
devtools::install_github('IRkernel/IRkernel')
IRkernel::installspec() # to register the kernel in the current R installation

In [1]:%load_ext rpy2.ipythonIn [2]:%R require(ggplot2)Out[2]:array([1], dtype=int32)In [3]:import pandas as pddf = pd.DataFrame({ 'Letter': ['a', 'a', 'a', 'b', 'b', 'b', 'c', 'c', 'c'], 'X': [4, 3, 5, 2, 1, 7, 7, 5, 9], 'Y': [0, 4, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11, 9, 13], 'Z': [1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3] })In [4]:%%R -i dfggplot(data = df) + geom_point(aes(x = X, y= Y, color = Letter, size = Z))

!pip install cython fortran-magicIn [ ]:%load_ext CythonIn [ ]:%%cythondef myltiply_by_2(float x): return 2.0 * xIn [ ]:myltiply_by_2(23.)Personally I prefer to use fortran, which I found very convenient for writing number-crunching functions. More details of usage can be found here.In [ ]:%load_ext fortranmagicIn [ ]:%%fortransubroutine compute_fortran(x, y, z) real, intent(in) :: x(:), y(:) real, intent(out) :: z(size(x, 1)) z = sin(x + y)end subroutine compute_fortranIn [ ]:compute_fortran([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6])

conda install -c damianavila82 rise

In []:
names = !ls ../images/ml_demonstrations/*.png
names[:5]
Out[10]:
['../images/ml_demonstrations/colah_embeddings.png',
'../images/ml_demonstrations/convnetjs.png',
'../images/ml_demonstrations/decision_tree.png',
'../images/ml_demonstrations/decision_tree_in_course.png',
'../images/ml_demonstrations/dream_mnist.png']