Python模块xlwt对excel进行写入操作

python常用模块目录

1、安装

$ pip install xlwt

2、创建表格和工作表单写入内容

例子:

import xlwt

# 创建一个workbook 设置编码

workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding = 'utf-8') #print(workbook) %结果%<xlwt.Workbook.Workbook object at 0x005F4630>

# 创建一个worksheet

worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('小马过河')

# 写入excel

# 参数对应 行, 列, 值

worksheet.write(,, label = '第二行第一列')

# 保存

workbook.save('学习笔记.xls')

运行后 会在当前目录生成一个“学习笔记.xls”

3、表格带带样式单元格写入

import xlwt

workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding = 'ascii')

worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('魔降风云变笔记')

style = xlwt.XFStyle() # 初始化样式

font = xlwt.Font() # 为样式创建字体

font.name = 'Times New Roman'

font.bold = True # 黑体

font.underline = True # 下划线

font.italic = True # 斜体字

style.font = font # 设定样式

worksheet.write(, , '不带样式的写入') # 不带样式的写入，第一行第一列

worksheet.write(, , '带样式的写入', style) # 带样式的写入，第二行第一列

workbook.save('我的笔记.xls') # 保存文件

4、设置单元格宽度:

import xlwt

workbook = xlwt.Workbook()

worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('mcw')

worksheet.write(, ,'第一行第一列单元格内容')

# 设置单元格宽度

worksheet.col().width =

workbook.save('cell_width.xls')

5、输入一个日期到单元格:

import xlwt

import datetime

workbook = xlwt.Workbook()

worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('小马过河工作表')

style = xlwt.XFStyle()

style.num_format_str = 'M/D/YY' # Other options: D-MMM-YY, D-MMM, MMM-YY, h:mm, h:mm:ss, h:mm, h:mm:ss, M/D/YY h:mm, mm:ss, [h]:mm:ss, mm:ss.

worksheet.write(, , datetime.datetime.now(), style)

workbook.save('输入日期.xlsx')

6、向单元格添加一个公式:

import xlwt

workbook = xlwt.Workbook()

worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('测试工作表')

worksheet.write(, , ) # Outputs   #第一行第一列5

worksheet.write(, , ) # Outputs   #第一行第二列2

worksheet.write(, , xlwt.Formula('A1*B1')) # Should output "" (A1[] * A2[])  第二行第一列，输出第一行数字乘积

worksheet.write(, , xlwt.Formula('SUM(A1,B1)')) # Should output "" (A1[] + A2[])  第二行第二列，输出第一行数字之和

workbook.save('添加公式并计算.xls')

7、向单元格添加一个超链接:

import xlwt

workbook = xlwt.Workbook()

worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('小马过河')

worksheet.write(, , xlwt.Formula('HYPERLINK("https://www.baidu.com";"百度")')) # 输出文本百度，为超链接第一行第一列

workbook.save('添加超链接.xls')

8、合并列和行:

import xlwt

workbook = xlwt.Workbook()

worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('小马过河')

worksheet.write_merge(, , , , '合并从第一行到第二行，第一列到第四列') # Merges row 's columns 0 through 3.

font = xlwt.Font() # Create Font   #创建字体示例

font.bold = True # Set font to Bold  #bold设置为黑体字

style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style

style.font = font # Add Bold Font to Style

worksheet.write_merge(,, , , '合并从第三行到第四行，第一列到第四列', style) # Merges row  through 's columns 0 through 3.

workbook.save('合并单元格.xls')

9、设置单元格内容的对其方式:

#Alignment n. 结盟; 队列，排成直线; 校直，调整; [工] 准线;
#HORZ 水平的；地平式;
#GENERAL 普遍的; 大致的; 综合的; 总的，全体的;
#FILLED 满的; 填满的; 充气的; 加载的;
#JUSTIFIED adj. 有正当理由的，合理的; 事出有因的;
#DISTRIBUTED 分布式的;
#VERT n. 森林中的草木，绿色; 倾侧; 倾转;

import xlwt

workbook = xlwt.Workbook()

worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet')

alignment = xlwt.Alignment() # 创建对其格式的对象 Create Alignment

alignment.horz = xlwt.Alignment.HORZ_CENTER #我猜是左右的对其，水平居中 May be: HORZ_GENERAL, HORZ_LEFT, HORZ_CENTER, HORZ_RIGHT, HORZ_FILLED, HORZ_JUSTIFIED, HORZ_CENTER_ACROSS_SEL, HORZ_DISTRIBUTED

alignment.vert = xlwt.Alignment.VERT_CENTER #我猜是上下的对其 May be: VERT_TOP, VERT_CENTER, VERT_BOTTOM, VERT_JUSTIFIED, VERT_DISTRIBUTED

style = xlwt.XFStyle() #创建样式对象 Create Style

style.alignment = alignment # 将格式Alignment对象加入到样式对象Add Alignment to Style

worksheet.write(, , '单元居中', style)  #写入的时候调用样式style

workbook.save('单元格对其方式.xls')

#创建alignment对象，设置单元格上下左右都是居中的。创建样式对象style，然后将alignment加入到style里面。在工作表worksheet指定单元格里写入数据，并使用style样式

10、为单元格议添加边框:

# Please note: While I was able to find these constants within the source code, on my system (using LibreOffice,) I was only presented with a solid line, varying from thin to thick; no dotted or dashed lines.

import xlwt

workbook = xlwt.Workbook()

worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('小马过河')

borders = xlwt.Borders()  # 创建边框对象Create Borders

borders.left = xlwt.Borders.DASHED  #对边框对象进行操作，指定边框上下左右的边框类型为虚线

# DASHED虚线

# NO_LINE没有

# THIN实线

# May be: NO_LINE, THIN, MEDIUM, DASHED, DOTTED, THICK, DOUBLE, HAIR, MEDIUM_DASHED, THIN_DASH_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED, THIN_DASH_DOT_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOT_DOTTED, SLANTED_MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED, or 0x00 through 0x0D.

borders.right = xlwt.Borders.DASHED

borders.top = xlwt.Borders.DASHED

borders.bottom = xlwt.Borders.DASHED

borders.left_colour = 0x40      #指定上下左右的边框颜色为0x40

borders.right_colour = 0x40

borders.top_colour = 0x40

borders.bottom_colour = 0x40

style = xlwt.XFStyle()  # Create Style   #创建样式对象

style.borders = borders  # 将设置好的边框对象borders 加到样式对象style中。Add Borders to Style

worksheet.write(, , '单元格内容', style)   #向单元格第一行第一列写入“单元格内容”，并使用创建好的样式对象style

workbook.save('添加边框.xls')

#创建边框对象，对边框对象进行操作，指定边框上下左右的边框类型为虚线等等，指定上下左右的边框颜色为0x40。指定上下左右的边框颜色为0x40，将设置好的边框对象borders 加到样式对象style中。Add Borders to Style，#向单元格第一行第一列写入“单元格内容”，并使用创建好的样式对象style

11、为单元格设置背景色:

#SOLID 固体; 立体图形; 立方体;

import xlwt

workbook = xlwt.Workbook()

worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('小马过河')

pattern = xlwt.Pattern() # 创建模式对象Create the Pattern

pattern.pattern = xlwt.Pattern.SOLID_PATTERN # May be: NO_PATTERN, SOLID_PATTERN, or 0x00 through 0x12

pattern.pattern_fore_colour =  #设置模式颜色 May be:  through .  = Black,  = White,  = Red,  = Green,  = Blue,  = Yellow,  = Magenta,  = Cyan,  = Maroon,  = Dark Green,  = Dark Blue,  = Dark Yellow , almost brown),  = Dark Magenta,  = Teal,  = Light Gray,  = Dark Gray, the list goes on...

style = xlwt.XFStyle() # 创建样式对象Create the Pattern

style.pattern = pattern # 将模式加入到样式对象Add Pattern to Style

worksheet.write(, , '单元格内容', style)#向单元格写入内容时使用样式对象style

workbook.save('设置背景颜色.xls')

参考链接：
1）https://www.cnblogs.com/python-robot/p/9958352.html

需要：

https://www.jb51.net/article/60510.htm

https://51changxue.com/python-excel%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E4%B9%8Bxlwt%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC/

https://www.cnblogs.com/Javauser/p/8950327.html

读取，写入，以及追加写入：https://www.jianshu.com/p/a8391a2b8c6c