Django博客功能实现—文章评论功能

 #blog/forms.py

 from django import forms

 class CommentForm(forms.Form):

     '''

     评论表单

     '''

     #author使用CharField字段，字段内使用三个参数，分别是widget， max_length, error_messages

     author = forms.CharField(

         #为各个需要渲染的字段指定渲染成什么Html组件，主要是为了添加css样式

         widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={"id": "author", "class": "comment_input",

                                                        "required": "required","size": "", "tabindex": ""}),

                           max_length=50,error_messages={"required":"username不能为空",})

     email = forms.EmailField(widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={"id":"email","type":"email","class": "comment_input",

                                                        "required":"required","size":"", "tabindex":""}),

                              max_length=50, error_messages={"required":"email不能为空",})

     url = forms.URLField(widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={"id":"url","type":"url","class": "comment_input",

                                                    "size":"", "tabindex":""}),

                           max_length=100, required=False)

     comment = forms.CharField(widget=forms.Textarea(attrs={"id":"comment","class": "message_input",

                                                        "required": "required", "cols": "",

                                                        "rows": "", "tabindex": ""}),

                                                 error_messages={"required":"评论不能为空",})

     article = forms.CharField(widget=forms.HiddenInput())

 def article(request):

     # 评论表单

     comment_form = CommentForm({'author': request.user.username,

                         'email': request.user.email,

                         'url': request.user.url,

                         'article': id} if request.user.is_authenticated() else{'article': id})

     return render(request, 'article.html', locals())

     <form action="{% url 'comment_post' %}" method="post">

     {% csrf_token %}

     <p>{{ comment_form.author }}

     <label for="author">Name (required)</label></p>

     <p>{{ comment_form.email }}

     <label for="email">Email (Will NOT be published) (required)</label></p>

     <p>{{ comment_form.url }}

     <label for="url">URL</label></p>

     <p>{{ comment_form.comment }}</p>

     <p>

         {{ comment_form.article }}

         <input name="submit" type="submit" id="submit" tabindex="5" value="Submit" class="button" />

     </p>

     </form>

url(r'^comment/post/$', comment_post, name='comment_post'),

 # 提交评论

 def comment_post(request):

     try:

         #获取表单内填入的内容

         comment_form=CommentForm(request.POST)

         #进行验证的第一个表单验证

         if comment_form.is_vaild():

             #获取表单信息

             #cleaned_data()用来把接收到的文字清洗为符合django的字符

             #create是一个在一步操作中同时创建对象并且保存的便捷方法。

             comment=Comment.objects.create(username=comment_form.cleaned_data["author"],

                 eamil=comment_form.cleaned_data["email"],

                 url=comment_form.cleaned_data["url"],

                 content=comment_form.cleaned_data["comment"],

                 article_id=comment_form.cleaned_data["article"],

                 #如果用户已经登录，则获取已经登录的用户，非登录用户将返回None

                 #此处用的if语句有些特殊。

                 user=request.user if request.user.is_authenticated() else None)

             comment.save()  #保存实例

         else:

             return render(request, "failure.html", {"reason":comment_form.erros})

     except Exception as e:

         logger.error(e)

         #重定向到进来之前的网页

         #HTTP_REFERER是http的头文件的一部分，当浏览器向web服务器发送请求的时候，一般会带上Referer,告诉服务器我是从哪个页面链接过来的，服务器借此获得一些信息用于处理。

     return redirect(request.META['HTTP_REFERER'])

'''

#判断用户是不是登录，也可以用这个写法，79行的写法也很简单

if request.user.is_authenticated():  #判断用户是否登录

    user=request.user            #获取已经登录的用户

else:

    user=request.user            #非登录用户将返回AnonymousUser

'''