用python收集系统信息

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• 实现的功能
  
  搜集系统消息，有生产商，CPU型号，核数，内存，主机名，发行版名称
• 可运行的系统
  
  目前已在RHEL, Ubuntu, Archlinux上测试通过
• 获取不同发行版主机名逻辑判断思路分析
  
  大家肯定都知道，RHEL的主机名配置文件和Ubuntu的不一样，可是Archlinux的和Ubuntu的又不一样，所以这里就将不同操作系统的主机名配置文件和操作系统的issue做了一个映射
  
  主要是将不同系统的系统名和对应的配置文件及存放在一个字典[ os_type ]结构中，后续有需要可以再扩展，而下面的的逻辑代码则不需要改变[ parseCfg() ]，从字典中循环取数据，如果取到则退出的配置文件

运行结果类似如下：

key: value
product: VMware Virtual Platform
modelName: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2620 v3 @ 2.40GHz
totalMem: 1.5 GB
cpuCore: 2
vender: VMware, Inc.
hostName: archlinux.vsphere
distroName: Arch Linux
SN: VMware-56 4d b9 19 26 63 ad ae-41 f3 5c 3c 34 66 ec bd


#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-''' 可以在多linux平台下的多种机器下工作，需要添加相应的键值对儿在os_type字典里面 '''from subprocess import Popen, PIPE# 定义操作系统主机名字段字典, 在获取不同类型主机名配置文件的时候使用
os_type = {'archlinux': ['Arch Linux', '/etc/hostname'],
'ubuntu': ['Ubuntu', '/etc/hostname'],
'CentOS release': ['CentOS release', '/etc/sysconfig/network']
}def parseCfg(osName):
' 通过不同的主机名，返回对应的主机名的配置文件位置 '
for type in os_type:
if osName.startswith( os_type[type][0] ):
cfg = os_type[ type ][ 1 ]
return cfgdef getHostInfo(command):
''' @args: command 输入要运行的系统命令
@return: 返回一个长的字符串
'''
p = Popen([command], stdout=PIPE)
data = p.stdout.read()return datadef parseHostInfo(data):
NEWLINE = '\n'
parsedData = []
eachSection = ''
''' regenerate a list, remove the NULL element
@args: data is a long string
@return: all of sections list
'''
data = [i for i in data.split('\n') if i]for eachLine in data:
if eachLine[0].strip():
parsedData.append(eachSection)
eachSection = eachLine + NEWLINE
else:
eachSection = eachSection + eachLine + NEWLINE
parsedData.append(eachSection)return [i for i in parsedData if i]def parseIPInfo(parsedData):
dic = {}
data = [i for i in parsedData if i and not i.startswith('lo')]for lines in data:
lineLst = lines.split('\n')
devname = lineLst[0].split(':')[0]
ipaddr = lineLst[1].split()[1]
macaddr = lineLst[3].split()[1]
dic[devname] = [ipaddr, macaddr]
return dicdef parseDMIInfo(parsedData):
'''
:param parsedData:
:return:
'''
dmi_result = {}
data = [i for i in parsedData if i.startswith('System Information')]
data = [i for i in data[0].split('\n')[1:] if i]
'生成一个大列表，每个元素也是一个列表，且仅有两个元素，所以下面可以直接生成一个字典数据结构'
l_list = [i.strip().split(':') for i in data]
sys_info_dic = dict(l_list)
dmi_result['vender'] = sys_info_dic['Manufacturer'].strip()
dmi_result['product'] = sys_info_dic['Product Name'].strip()
dmi_result['SN'] = sys_info_dic['Serial Number'].strip()return dmi_resultdef getDistroName():
with open('/etc/issue') as fd:
distroName = ' '.join(fd.read().strip().split()[:2])
return {'distroName': distroName}def getHostname(fn, osVer):
with open(fn) as fd:
host = fd.read()
if osVer.startswith('Arch Linux') or osVer.startswith('Ubuntu'):
hostName = host.strip()
return {'hostName': hostName}
if osVer == 'CentOS release':
host = host.strip().split('\n')
for i in host:
if i.startswith('HOSTNAME'):
hostName = i.split('=')[1]
return {'hostName': hostName}def getMeminfo():
with open('/proc/meminfo') as fd:
for eachLine in fd:
if eachLine.startswith('MemTotal'):
totalMem = eachLine.split(':')[1].strip()
totalMem = '%.1f' % (float(totalMem.split()[0]) / 1024.0 / 1024)
return {'totalMem': str(totalMem) + ' GB'}def getCPUInfo():
with open('/proc/cpuinfo') as fd:
for eachLine in fd:
if eachLine.startswith('cpu cores'):
cpuCore = eachLine.split(':')[1].strip()
continue
if eachLine.startswith('model name'):
modelName = eachLine.split(':')[1].strip()
return {'cpuCore': cpuCore, 'modelName': modelName}if __name__ == '__main__':
dic = {}
cfg = '/etc/sysconfig/network'
data = getHostInfo('dmidecode')
dmiLst = parseHostInfo(data)
' dmi info '
dmiInfo = parseDMIInfo(dmiLst)
memInfo = getMeminfo()
osVer = getDistroName()
osName = osVer['distroName']
cfg = parseCfg(osName)
hostInfo = getHostname(cfg, osName)
cpuInfo = getCPUInfo()dic.update(dmiInfo)
dic.update(hostInfo)
dic.update(memInfo)
dic.update(osVer)
dic.update(cpuInfo)print('%10s: %s' % ('key', 'value'))
for key in dic.items():
print('%10s: %s' % (key[0], key[1]))