python 之socket 网络编程

class BaseServer: """Base class for server classes. Methods for the caller: - __init__(server_address, RequestHandlerClass)
- serve_forever(poll_interval=0.5)
- shutdown()
- handle_request() # if you do not use serve_forever()
- fileno() -> int # for select() Methods that may be overridden: - server_bind()
- server_activate()
- get_request() -> request, client_address
- handle_timeout()
- verify_request(request, client_address)
- server_close()
- process_request(request, client_address)
- shutdown_request(request)
- close_request(request)
- handle_error() Methods for derived classes: - finish_request(request, client_address) Class variables that may be overridden by derived classes or
instances: - timeout
- address_family
- socket_type
- allow_reuse_address Instance variables: - RequestHandlerClass
- socket """ timeout = None def __init__(self, server_address, RequestHandlerClass):
"""Constructor. May be extended, do not override."""
self.server_address = server_address
self.RequestHandlerClass = RequestHandlerClass
self.__is_shut_down = threading.Event()
self.__shutdown_request = False def server_activate(self):
"""Called by constructor to activate the server. May be overridden. """
pass def serve_forever(self, poll_interval=0.5):
"""Handle one request at a time until shutdown. Polls for shutdown every poll_interval seconds. Ignores
self.timeout. If you need to do periodic tasks, do them in
another thread.
"""
self.__is_shut_down.clear()
try:
while not self.__shutdown_request:
# XXX: Consider using another file descriptor or
# connecting to the socket to wake this up instead of
# polling. Polling reduces our responsiveness to a
# shutdown request and wastes cpu at all other times.
r, w, e = _eintr_retry(select.select, [self], [], [],
poll_interval)
if self in r:
self._handle_request_noblock()
finally:
self.__shutdown_request = False
self.__is_shut_down.set() def shutdown(self):
"""Stops the serve_forever loop. Blocks until the loop has finished. This must be called while
serve_forever() is running in another thread, or it will
deadlock.
"""
self.__shutdown_request = True
self.__is_shut_down.wait() # The distinction between handling, getting, processing and
# finishing a request is fairly arbitrary. Remember:
#
# - handle_request() is the top-level call. It calls
# select, get_request(), verify_request() and process_request()
# - get_request() is different for stream or datagram sockets
# - process_request() is the place that may fork a new process
# or create a new thread to finish the request
# - finish_request() instantiates the request handler class;
# this constructor will handle the request all by itself def handle_request(self):
"""Handle one request, possibly blocking. Respects self.timeout.
"""
# Support people who used socket.settimeout() to escape
# handle_request before self.timeout was available.
timeout = self.socket.gettimeout()
if timeout is None:
timeout = self.timeout
elif self.timeout is not None:
timeout = min(timeout, self.timeout)
fd_sets = _eintr_retry(select.select, [self], [], [], timeout)
if not fd_sets[0]:
self.handle_timeout()
return
self._handle_request_noblock() def _handle_request_noblock(self):
"""Handle one request, without blocking. I assume that select.select has returned that the socket is
readable before this function was called, so there should be
no risk of blocking in get_request().
"""
try:
request, client_address = self.get_request()
except socket.error:
return
if self.verify_request(request, client_address):
try:
self.process_request(request, client_address)
except:
self.handle_error(request, client_address)
self.shutdown_request(request) def handle_timeout(self):
"""Called if no new request arrives within self.timeout. Overridden by ForkingMixIn.
"""
pass def verify_request(self, request, client_address):
"""Verify the request. May be overridden. Return True if we should proceed with this request. """
return True def process_request(self, request, client_address):
"""Call finish_request. Overridden by ForkingMixIn and ThreadingMixIn. """
self.finish_request(request, client_address)
self.shutdown_request(request) def server_close(self):
"""Called to clean-up the server. May be overridden. """
pass def finish_request(self, request, client_address):
"""Finish one request by instantiating RequestHandlerClass."""
self.RequestHandlerClass(request, client_address, self) def shutdown_request(self, request):
"""Called to shutdown and close an individual request."""
self.close_request(request) def close_request(self, request):
"""Called to clean up an individual request."""
pass def handle_error(self, request, client_address):
"""Handle an error gracefully. May be overridden. The default is to print a traceback and continue. """
print '-'*40
print 'Exception happened during processing of request from',
print client_address
import traceback
traceback.print_exc() # XXX But this goes to stderr!
print '-'*40BaseServer

class TCPServer(BaseServer): """Base class for various socket-based server classes. Defaults to synchronous IP stream (i.e., TCP). Methods for the caller: - __init__(server_address, RequestHandlerClass, bind_and_activate=True)
- serve_forever(poll_interval=0.5)
- shutdown()
- handle_request() # if you don't use serve_forever()
- fileno() -> int # for select() Methods that may be overridden: - server_bind()
- server_activate()
- get_request() -> request, client_address
- handle_timeout()
- verify_request(request, client_address)
- process_request(request, client_address)
- shutdown_request(request)
- close_request(request)
- handle_error() Methods for derived classes: - finish_request(request, client_address) Class variables that may be overridden by derived classes or
instances: - timeout
- address_family
- socket_type
- request_queue_size (only for stream sockets)
- allow_reuse_address Instance variables: - server_address
- RequestHandlerClass
- socket """ address_family = socket.AF_INET socket_type = socket.SOCK_STREAM request_queue_size = 5 allow_reuse_address = False def __init__(self, server_address, RequestHandlerClass, bind_and_activate=True):
"""Constructor. May be extended, do not override."""
BaseServer.__init__(self, server_address, RequestHandlerClass)
self.socket = socket.socket(self.address_family,
self.socket_type)
if bind_and_activate:
try:
self.server_bind()
self.server_activate()
except:
self.server_close()
raise def server_bind(self):
"""Called by constructor to bind the socket. May be overridden. """
if self.allow_reuse_address:
self.socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
self.socket.bind(self.server_address)
self.server_address = self.socket.getsockname() def server_activate(self):
"""Called by constructor to activate the server. May be overridden. """
self.socket.listen(self.request_queue_size) def server_close(self):
"""Called to clean-up the server. May be overridden. """
self.socket.close() def fileno(self):
"""Return socket file number. Interface required by select(). """
return self.socket.fileno() def get_request(self):
"""Get the request and client address from the socket. May be overridden. """
return self.socket.accept() def shutdown_request(self, request):
"""Called to shutdown and close an individual request."""
try:
#explicitly shutdown. socket.close() merely releases
#the socket and waits for GC to perform the actual close.
request.shutdown(socket.SHUT_WR)
except socket.error:
pass #some platforms may raise ENOTCONN here
self.close_request(request) def close_request(self, request):
"""Called to clean up an individual request."""
request.close()TCPServer

class ThreadingMixIn:
"""Mix-in class to handle each request in a new thread.""" # Decides how threads will act upon termination of the
# main process
daemon_threads = False def process_request_thread(self, request, client_address):
"""Same as in BaseServer but as a thread. In addition, exception handling is done here. """
try:
self.finish_request(request, client_address)
self.shutdown_request(request)
except:
self.handle_error(request, client_address)
self.shutdown_request(request) def process_request(self, request, client_address):
"""Start a new thread to process the request."""
t = threading.Thread(target = self.process_request_thread,
args = (request, client_address))
t.daemon = self.daemon_threads
t.start()ThreadingMixIn

class ThreadingTCPServer(ThreadingMixIn, TCPServer): pass

class BaseRequestHandler: """Base class for request handler classes. This class is instantiated for each request to be handled. The
constructor sets the instance variables request, client_address
and server, and then calls the handle() method. To implement a
specific service, all you need to do is to derive a class which
defines a handle() method. The handle() method can find the request as self.request, the
client address as self.client_address, and the server (in case it
needs access to per-server information) as self.server. Since a
separate instance is created for each request, the handle() method
can define arbitrary other instance variariables. """ def __init__(self, request, client_address, server):
self.request = request
self.client_address = client_address
self.server = server
self.setup()
try:
self.handle()
finally:
self.finish() def setup(self):
pass def handle(self):
pass def finish(self):
passSocketServer.BaseRequestHandler

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import SocketServerclass MyServer(SocketServer.BaseRequestHandler): def handle(self):
# print self.request,self.client_address,self.server
conn = self.request
conn.sendall('欢迎致电 10086，请输入1xxx,0转人工服务.')
Flag = True
while Flag:
data = conn.recv(1024)
if data == 'exit':
Flag = False
elif data == '':
conn.sendall('通过可能会被录音.balabala一大推')
else:
conn.sendall('请重新输入.')if __name__ == '__main__':
server = SocketServer.ThreadingTCPServer(('127.0.0.1',8009),MyServer)
server.serve_forever()服务端

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-import socketip_port = ('127.0.0.1',8009)
sk = socket.socket()
sk.connect(ip_port)
sk.settimeout(5)while True:
data = sk.recv(1024)
print 'receive:',data
inp = raw_input('please input:')
sk.sendall(inp)
if inp == 'exit':
breaksk.close()客户端

import socket
import threading
import selectdef process(request, client_address):
print request,client_address
conn = request
conn.sendall('欢迎致电 10086，请输入1xxx,0转人工服务.')
flag = True
while flag:
data = conn.recv(1024)
if data == 'exit':
flag = False
elif data == '':
conn.sendall('通过可能会被录音.balabala一大推')
else:
conn.sendall('请重新输入.')sk = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sk.bind(('127.0.0.1',8002))
sk.listen(5)while True:
r, w, e = select.select([sk,],[],[],1)
print 'looping'
if sk in r:
print 'get request'
request, client_address = sk.accept()
t = threading.Thread(target=process, args=(request, client_address))
t.daemon = False
t.start()sk.close()

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import SocketServerclass MyServer(SocketServer.BaseRequestHandler): def handle(self):
# print self.request,self.client_address,self.server
conn = self.request
conn.sendall('欢迎致电 10086，请输入1xxx,0转人工服务.')
Flag = True
while Flag:
data = conn.recv(1024)
if data == 'exit':
Flag = False
elif data == '':
conn.sendall('通过可能会被录音.balabala一大推')
else:
conn.sendall('请重新输入.')if __name__ == '__main__':
server = SocketServer.ForkingTCPServer(('127.0.0.1',8009),MyServer)
server.serve_forever()服务端

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-import socketip_port = ('127.0.0.1',8009)
sk = socket.socket()
sk.connect(ip_port)
sk.settimeout(5)while True:
data = sk.recv(1024)
print 'receive:',data
inp = raw_input('please input:')
sk.sendall(inp)
if inp == 'exit':
breaksk.close()客户端

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-# event_drive.pyevent_list = []def run():
for event in event_list:
obj = event()
obj.execute()class BaseHandler(object):
"""
用户必须继承该类，从而规范所有类的方法（类似于接口的功能）
"""
def execute(self):
raise Exception('you must overwrite execute')最牛逼的事件驱动框架

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-from source import event_driveclass MyHandler(event_drive.BaseHandler): def execute(self):
print 'event-drive execute MyHandler'event_drive.event_list.append(MyHandler)
event_drive.run()

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-from twisted.internet import reactor, protocol
from twisted.web.client import getPage
from twisted.internet import reactor
import timeclass Echo(protocol.Protocol): def dataReceived(self, data):
deferred1 = getPage('http://cnblogs.com')
deferred1.addCallback(self.printContents) deferred2 = getPage('http://baidu.com')
deferred2.addCallback(self.printContents) for i in range(2):
time.sleep(1)
print 'execute ',i def execute(self,data):
self.transport.write(data) def printContents(self,content):
print len(content),content[0:100],time.time()def main(): factory = protocol.ServerFactory()
factory.protocol = Echo reactor.listenTCP(8000,factory)
reactor.run()if __name__ == '__main__':
main()异步IO操作