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[Part 1] Ubuntu 16.04安装和配置QT5 | Part-1: Install and Configure Qt5 on Ubuntu 16.04

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09/01
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本文首发于个人博客https://kezunlin.me/post/91842b71/，欢迎阅读!

Part-1: Install and Configure Qt5 on Ubuntu 16.04

Series

  • Part-1: Install and Configure Qt5 on Ubuntu 16.04
  • Part-2: Install and Configure VTK 8.1.0 from source with Qt5 on Ubuntu 16.04
  • Part-3: Install and Configure PCL 1.8.1 with vtk qt support on Ubuntu 16.04 from source
  • Part-4: Install and Configure PCL 1.8.1 with vtk qt support on windows 10 from source

Guide

  • qt: 5.7.0
  • qmake: 3.0 based on Qt 5.7.0
  • qtcreator: 3.5.1 based on Qt 5.5.1

purge existing qt5 and qt4

sudo apt-get purge qt5-default qtcreator
sudo apt-get purge qt4-designer qt4-dev-tools

install qt57

In addition, building graphical Qt applications requires OpenGL libraries and headers installed. On Ubuntu and other Debian-based Linux systems you can get OpenGL and the minimal set of development tools by installing the packages libgl1-mesa-dev and build-essential, i.e. by running this command:

sudo apt-get install build-essential libgl1-mesa-dev

Download qt and install.

sudo apt-get install build-essential libgl1-mesa-dev
wget http://download.qt.io/official_releases/qt/5.7/5.7.0/qt-opensource-linux-x64-5.7.0.run
chmod +x qt-opensource-linux-x64-5.7.0.run
./qt-opensource-linux-x64-5.7.0.run

install to /opt/Qt5.7.0

cd /opt
sudo ln -s /opt/Qt5.7.0 qt

add qt bin to path

vim .bashrc# added by kzl
export PATH=/opt/cuda-8.0/bin:$PATH
export PATH=/opt/MATLAB/R2016b/bin:$PATH
export PATH=/opt/qt/5.7/gcc_64/bin:$PATH

qt.conf for ld.so.conf.d

cd /etc/ld.so.conf.d
sudo vim qt.conf/opt/qt/5.7/gcc_64/libsudo ldconfig

or only install qtcreator (find_package error for qt5x11extra-config.cmake)

sudo apt-get install qt5-default qtcreator
sudo apt-get install qt4-designer qt4-dev-tools

qtchooser

add qt57.conf

cat /usr/share/qtchooser/qt57.conf /opt/qt/5.7/gcc_64/bin
/opt/qt/5.7/gcc_64/lib# link to qt57
cd /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/qtchooser
sudo ln -s /usr/share/qtchooser/qt57.conf qt57.conf

link to default

cd /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/qt-default/qtchoosersudo rm default.conf
sudo ln -s /usr/share/qtchooser/qt57.conf default.conf
ls -l default.conf
default.conf -> /usr/share/qtchooser/qt57.conf

qt conf

/usr/share/qtchooser/

  • qt4-x86_64-linux-gnu.conf (FILE)
  • qt5-x86_64-linux-gnu.conf (FILE)
  • qt57.conf (FILE)

/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/qtchooser/

  • 4.conf (link)
  • 5.conf (link)
  • qt4.conf (link)
  • qt5.conf (link)
  • qt57.conf (link)

/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/qt-default/qtchooser/

  • default.conf (link) qt57.conf

qtchooser

which qtchooser
/usr/bin/qtchooserqtchooser -l4
5
default
qt4-x86_64-linux-gnu
qt4
qt5-x86_64-linux-gnu
qt5

qtchooser env

qtchooser -print-env
QT_SELECT="default"
QTTOOLDIR="/opt/qt/5.7/gcc_64/bin"
QTLIBDIR="/opt/qt/5.7/gcc_64/lib"

export QT_QPA_PLATFORM_PLUGIN_PATH

vim .bashrc
export QT_QPA_PLATFORM_PLUGIN_PATH=/opt/qt/5.7/gcc_64/plugins/platforms

otherwise,errors may occur.

Failed to load platform plugin "xcb".

Qtcreator Tutorial

install qtcreator

sudo apt-get -y install qtcreatorqtcreator -versionQt Creator 3.5.1 based on Qt 5.5.1

create application

Start qtcreator and create a Qt Widget Application named hello.

add resource file

Add a resource file named resource.qrc.

hello-->right click--> Add New... --->qt---> qt resource file---> name resource---> generate resource.qrc

and then import images to resource.qrc

Resources | resource.qrt--->right click---> Add Prefix...---> name /prefix
Resources | resource.qrt | /prefix--->right click ---> Add Existing Files... ---> choose images ---> OK

use resource in mainwindow.ui

button ---> property page ---> icon ---> Choose Resource... ---> select image ---> OK

Qt slots

method 1

steps:

mainwindow.ui ---> choose button ---> right click ---> Go to slot... ---> choose clicked() ---> OK

will add slots in mainwindow.h automatically

private slots:
void on_pushButtonOK_clicked();

and in mainwindow.cpp

void MainWindow::on_pushButtonOK_clicked()
{}

Tips: if we use on_pushButtonOK_clicked style, there is no need to connect with slots in MainWindow constructor by hand.

method 2 (OK)

add slots in mainwindow.h by hand

private slots:
void pushButtonCancel_clicked();

and in mainwindow.cpp

void MainWindow::pushButtonCancel_clicked()
{}

connect button with slot in mainwindow.cpp

MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) :
QMainWindow(parent),
ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
ui->setupUi(this); // connect
connect(ui->pushButtonCancel, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(pushButtonCancel_clicked()));
}

Code Example

folder

folder structure like this:

$ tree hello/hello/
├── CMakeLists.txt
├── hello.pro
├── hello.pro.user
├── images
│   ├── kezunlin_logo.png
│   ├── logo.svg
│   └── searchicon.png
├── main.cpp
├── mainwindow.cpp
├── mainwindow.h
├── mainwindow.ui
└── resource.qrc1 directory, 11 files

code

mainwinow.h

#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H#include <QMainWindow>namespace Ui {
class MainWindow;
}class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECTpublic:
explicit MainWindow(QWidget *parent = 0);
~MainWindow();private slots:
void on_pushButtonOK_clicked(); // method1
void pushButtonCancel_clicked(); // method2private:
Ui::MainWindow *ui;
};#endif // MAINWINDOW_H

mainwindow.cpp

#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"#include <QMessageBox>MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) :
QMainWindow(parent),
ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
ui->setupUi(this); // connect
connect(ui->pushButtonCancel, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(pushButtonCancel_clicked()));
}MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
delete ui;
}void MainWindow::on_pushButtonOK_clicked()
{
QString text = ui->lineEditName->text();
QMessageBox::information(this, "OK", text);
ui->pushButtonOK->setText( tr("(OK. click me)") );
}void MainWindow::pushButtonCancel_clicked()
{
QString text = ui->lineEditName->text();
QMessageBox::information(this, "Cancel", text);
ui->pushButtonCancel->setText( tr("(Cancel.click me)") );
}

main.cpp

#include "mainwindow.h"
#include <QApplication>int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QApplication a(argc, argv);
MainWindow w;
w.show(); return a.exec();
}

CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.8)project(helloworld)# Find includes in corresponding build directories
set(CMAKE_INCLUDE_CURRENT_DIR ON)
# Instruct CMake to run moc automatically when needed.
set(CMAKE_AUTOMOC ON)# ${QT_INCLUDE_DIRS} ${QT_LIBRARIES} and so on are all Qt4 Macro Definitions!!!!!
# Find the QtWidgets library
find_package(Qt5Core)
find_package(Qt5Widgets)
find_package(Qt5Gui)
find_package(Qt5OpenGL)
find_package(Qt5Xml)#message( [qt] ${Qt5Core_INCLUDE_DIRS} )
#message( [qt] ${Qt5Core_LIBRARIES} )
#message( [qt] ${Qt5Widgets_INCLUDE_DIRS} )
#message( [qt] ${Qt5Widgets_LIBRARIES} )# cpp files
aux_source_directory(. SRC_LIST)# ui files
qt5_wrap_ui(ui_FILES mainwindow.ui)
# resource files
qt5_add_resources(qrc_FILES resource.qrc)message( [Main] ${SRC_LIST} ) # ./main.cpp./mainwindow.cpp
message( [Main] ${ui_FILES} ) # build/ui_mainwindow.h
message( [Main] ${qrc_FILES} )# build/qrc_resource.cpp# Tell CMake to create the helloworld executable
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} ${SRC_LIST} ${ui_FILES} ${qrc_FILES})qt5_use_modules(${PROJECT_NAME} Core Widgets OpenGL Xml Gui)# Use the Widgets module from Qt 5.
#qt5_use_modules(helloworld Widgets)# link other libraries
#target_link_libraries (${PROJECT_NAME} ${SPEC_OPENCV_LIBS})

CMakeLists.txt 2

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.0)set(PROJECT_NAME demo)set(CMAKE_BINARY_DIR ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/bin) # bin/set(EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR})
set(LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR})set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
#set(CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH ${QTDIR})
set(CMAKE_AUTOMOC ON)
set(CMAKE_AUTOUIC ON)
set(CMAKE_AUTORCC ON)# QT5_DIR /opt/Qt5.7.0/5.7/gcc_64/lib/cmake/Qt5
find_package(Qt5 REQUIRED Widgets Core Gui Network OpenGL)
find_package(OpenCV REQUIRED COMPONENTS core highgui imgproc features2d calib3d )
find_package(Protobuf REQUIRED) # 3.6.1
find_package(VTK REQUIRED) # 8.1.2
include(${VTK_USE_FILE})MESSAGE( [Main] " VTK_INCLUDE_DIRS = ${VTK_INCLUDE_DIRS}")
MESSAGE( [Main] " VTK_LIBRARIES = ${VTK_LIBRARIES}")find_package(PCL REQUIRED) # 1.9.1
#find_package(PCL REQUIRED COMPONENTS common io filters visualization)link_directories(${PCL_LIBRARY_DIRS})
add_definitions(${PCL_DEFINITIONS})message ([main] "PCL_DIR = ${PCL_DIR}")
message ([main] "PCL_FOUND = ${PCL_FOUND}")
message ([main] "PCL_INCLUDE_DIRS = ${PCL_INCLUDE_DIRS}")
message ([main] "PCL_LIBRARIES = ${PCL_LIBRARIES}")message ([main] "PCL_LIBRARY_DIRS = ${PCL_LIBRARY_DIRS}")
message ([main] "PCL_COMMON_LIBRARIES = ${PCL_COMMON_LIBRARIES}")
message ([main] "PCL_IO_LIBRARIES = ${PCL_IO_LIBRARIES}")
message ([main] "PCL_FILTERS_LIBRARIES = ${PCL_FILTERS_LIBRARIES}")
message ([main] "PCL_VISUALIZATION_LIBRARIES = ${PCL_VISUALIZATION_LIBRARIES}")include_directories(
./ # current folder#${GFLAGS_INCLUDE_DIRS}
#${GLOG_INCLUDE_DIRS}
#${GTEST_INCLUDE_DIRS}
${PROTOBUF_INCLUDE_DIRS}
${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS}
${OpenCV_INCLUDE_DIRS}
${VTK_INCLUDE_DIRS}
${PCL_INCLUDE_DIRS}
) set(SOURCE_FILES
main.cpp
MainWindow.cpp
./proto/camera_image.pb.cc
./proto/point_cloud.pb.cc
)set(RESOURCE_FILE resource.qrc)add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} ${SOURCE_FILES} ${RESOURCE_FILE})target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME}
Qt5::Widgets Qt5::Gui Qt5::Core Qt5::OpenGL Qt5::Network
${Boost_LIBRARIES}
${PROTOBUF_LIBRARIES}
${OpenCV_LIBRARIES}
${VTK_LIBRARIES}
${PCL_LIBRARIES}
pthread
rt
)

cmake

cd hello
mkdir build
cd build
cmake ..
make

run

./helloworld

screen snapshot like this:

Reference

  • Install_Qt_5_on_Ubuntu
  • install-qt-creator-on-ubuntu-16-04
  • getting-started-qt-and-qt-creator-linux
  • failed-to-load-platform-plugin-xcb
  • deploying-qt-applications-on-linux-and-windows-3
  • cmake with qt
  • cmake-manual
  • add resource
  • qt slots

History

  • 20180108: created.

Copyright

  • Post author: kezunlin
  • Post link: https://kezunlin.me/post/91842b71/
  • Copyright Notice: All articles in this blog are licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 unless stating additionally.