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linux环境下安装python 3
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说明:
在linux环境下,都默认安装python 2的环境,由于python3在python2的基础上升级较大,所以安装python 3环境用于使用最新的python 3的语法。
安装过程:
1.下载,上传python 3源码包至服务器
2.解压缩python 3压缩包
[aiprd@hadoop3 softwares]$ ls
kibana-6.7.-linux-x86_64.tar.gz Python-3.7..tgz zookeeper-3.4..tar.gz
[aiprd@hadoop3 softwares]$ tar -zxf Python-3.7..tgz
[aiprd@hadoop3 softwares]$ ls
kibana-6.7.-linux-x86_64.tar.gz Python-3.7. Python-3.7..tgz zookeeper-3.4..tar.gz
3.执行配置检查,配置安装路径
[aiprd@hadoop3 Python-3.7.]$ ./configure --prefix=/home/aiprd/app/python-3.7.
checking build system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking host system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking for python3.... no
checking for python3... no
checking for python... python
checking for --enable-universalsdk... no
checking for --with-universal-archs... no
checking MACHDEP... checking for --without-gcc... no
checking for --with-icc... no
checking for gcc... no
checking for cc... no
checking for cl.exe... no
configure: error: in `/home/aiprd/softwares/Python-3.7.':
configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
See `config.log' for more details
配置检查报错,没有C编译环境。
4.安装gcc软件包
yum install gcc
5.再次执行配置检查,检查通过
6.编译,安装
make && make install
再次报错:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/aiprd/softwares/Python-3.7.4/Lib/runpy.py", line , in _run_module_as_main
"__main__", mod_spec)
File "/home/aiprd/softwares/Python-3.7.4/Lib/runpy.py", line , in _run_code
exec(code, run_globals)
File "/home/aiprd/softwares/Python-3.7.4/Lib/ensurepip/__main__.py", line , in <module>
sys.exit(ensurepip._main())
File "/home/aiprd/softwares/Python-3.7.4/Lib/ensurepip/__init__.py", line , in _main
default_pip=args.default_pip,
File "/home/aiprd/softwares/Python-3.7.4/Lib/ensurepip/__init__.py", line , in _bootstrap
return _run_pip(args + [p[] for p in _PROJECTS], additional_paths)
File "/home/aiprd/softwares/Python-3.7.4/Lib/ensurepip/__init__.py", line , in _run_pip
import pip._internal
zipimport.ZipImportError: can't decompress data; zlib not available
make: *** [install] Error
安装zlib-devel软件包
yum install zlib-devel
7.再次编译,安装,报下面的错误
import pip._internal
File "/tmp/tmpry5ry5rh/pip-19.0.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/__init__.py", line , in <module>
File "/tmp/tmpry5ry5rh/pip-19.0.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/cli/autocompletion.py", line , in <module>
File "/tmp/tmpry5ry5rh/pip-19.0.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/cli/main_parser.py", line , in <module>
File "/tmp/tmpry5ry5rh/pip-19.0.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/commands/__init__.py", line , in <module>
File "/tmp/tmpry5ry5rh/pip-19.0.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/commands/completion.py", line , in <module>
File "/tmp/tmpry5ry5rh/pip-19.0.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/cli/base_command.py", line , in <module>
File "/tmp/tmpry5ry5rh/pip-19.0.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/download.py", line , in <module>
File "/tmp/tmpry5ry5rh/pip-19.0.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/utils/glibc.py", line , in <module>
File "/home/aiprd/softwares/Python-3.7.4/Lib/ctypes/__init__.py", line , in <module>
from _ctypes import Union, Structure, Array
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_ctypes'
make: *** [install] Error
安装libffi-devel软件包
[root@hadoop3 Packages]# yum install libffi-devel -y
Loaded plugins: product-id, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Setting up Install Process
No package libffi-devel available.
Error: Nothing to do
但是,发现ISO镜像中,没有该软件包
下载libffi-devel的RPM包,进行安装,下载地址:http://rpmfind.net/linux/centos/6.10/os/x86_64/Packages/libffi-devel-3.0.5-3.2.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@hadoop3 ~]# ls -l
total
-rw-------. root root Feb anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--. root root Feb install.log
-rw-r--r--. root root Feb install.log.syslog
-rw-r--r-- root root Aug : libffi-devel-3.0.-3.2.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@hadoop3 ~]# rpm -ivh libffi-devel-3.0.-3.2.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: libffi-devel-3.0.-3.2.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [%]
:libffi-devel ########################################### [%]
再次进行编译,安装
make clean #此处,需要先make clean,然后重新configure,否则即使libffi-devel软件包已经安装,仍然会报错。
./configure --prefix=/home/aiprd/app/python-3.7.
make && make install
Looking in links: /tmp/tmpr5iivfh5
Collecting setuptools
Collecting pip
Installing collected packages: setuptools, pip
Successfully installed pip-19.0. setuptools-40.8.
8.查看python版本
[aiprd@hadoop3 python-3.7.]$ bin/python3 --version
Python 3.7.
安装完成。
文档创建时间:2019年8月26日15:03:40







