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pxe自动化批量安装系统（Centos7）

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08/26
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PXE：preboot execute environment

环境实现：主服务器ip：10.0.10.1

1 tfpt

trivial简单文件共享服务，基于udp协议工作；

加载系统安装程序；

69/udp

[root@t2 ~]# yum list *tftp*

[root@t2 ~]# yum install tftp tftp-server

[root@t2 ~]# rpm -ql tftp-server

/etc/xinetd.d/tftp
/usr/lib/systemd/system/tftp.service
/usr/lib/systemd/system/tftp.socket
/usr/sbin/in.tftpd
/usr/share/doc/tftp-server-5.2
/usr/share/doc/tftp-server-5.2/CHANGES
/usr/share/doc/tftp-server-5.2/README
/usr/share/doc/tftp-server-5.2/README.security
/usr/share/man/man8/in.tftpd..gz
/usr/share/man/man8/tftpd..gz
/var/lib/tftpboot # 默认共享路径

[root@t2 ~]# systemctl start tftp.service

2 dhcp

dynamic host configuration protocol

提供地址池（租约）；不能跨路由器；

能提供的信息包括：ip, netmask,  gateway,  dns server, dns search domain, nis server, lease time

C/S：

Client ：68/udp

Server：67/udp

C           S           C          S

dhcpdiscover-->dhcppoffer-->dhcprequest-->dhcpack

注：因VM虚拟机提供dhcp服务功能，故测试不能使用自带的三种用户模式，应自建虚拟网络。

ifconfig eth1 10.0.10.1/24 up

[root@t2 ~]# yum -y install dhcp

[root@t2 ~]# rpm -ql dhcp

cp -p /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.2.5/dhcpd.conf.example /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

[root@t2 ~]# cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

dhcpd.conf    

[root@t2 ~]# systemctl start dhcpd.service

通过另外一台服务器配置dhcp设置网卡后，在dhcp服务器上存在租赁记录：

[root@t2 /etc/dhcp]# tail /var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases

dhcpd.leases

lease 10.0.10.11 {
starts // ::;
ends // ::;
cltt // ::;
binding state active;
next binding state free;
rewind binding state free;
hardware ethernet :0c::e3:ea:af;
client-hostname "t3";
}

3 http

[root@t2 ~]# yum -y install httpd

[root@t2 ~]# cat /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf|grep IncludeOptional

#IncludeOptional conf.d/*.conf

[root@t2 ~]# systemctl start httpd.service

mount /dev/sr0 /var/www/html/Centos7

准备系统文件：

[root@t2 ~]# yum -y install syslinux

[root@t2 ~]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/

[root@t2 ~]# cp /media/cdrom/images/pxeboot/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/

[root@t2 ~]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/{chain.c32,mboot.c32,menu.c32,memdisk} /var/lib/tftpboot/

[root@t2 ~]# mkdir -pv /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg

[root@t2 ~]# cat pxelinux.cfg/default

default menu.c32
prompt
timeout
MENU TITLE Hello , luomr LABEL linux
MENU LABEL Install CentOS / x86_64
KERNEL vmlinuz
APPEND initrd=initrd.img inst.repo=http://10.0.10.1/Centos7 ks=http://10.0.10.1/ks.cfg

default

确认文件：

[root@t2 /var/lib/tftpboot]# ls

chain.c32   mboot.c32  menu.c32    pxelinux.cfg

initrd.img  memdisk    pxelinux.0  vmlinuz

4 ks.cfg

注：以下为ks.cfg内容，可直接复制粘贴使用

[root@t2 ~]# cp ks.cfg /var/www/html/

#platform=x86, AMD64, 或 Intel EM64T
#version=DEVEL
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install
# Keyboard layouts
keyboard 'us'
# Root password
rootpw --plaintext
# Use network installation
url --url="http://10.0.10.1/Centos7"
# System language
lang zh_CN
# Firewall configuration
firewall --disabled
# System authorization information
auth --useshadow --passalgo=sha512
# Use graphical install
graphical
# SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled
# Do not configure the X Window System
skipx # Network information
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0
# Reboot after installation
reboot
# System timezone
timezone Asia/Shanghai
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --location=mbr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all --initlabel
# Disk partitioning information
part /boot --fstype="ext4" --ondisk=sda --size=
part /usr/local --fstype="ext4" --ondisk=sda --size=
part swap --fstype="swap" --ondisk=sda --size=
part / --fstype="ext4" --grow --ondisk=sda --size= %packages
@development
@remote-system-management
ElectricFence
ant
babel
bzr
chrpath
cmake
cvs
expect
imake
ksc
lrzsz
libstdc++-docs
mercurial
nasm
net-tools
perltidy
rpmdevtools
rpmlint
vim
systemtap-sdt-devel
systemtap-server %end %post --interpreter=/bin/sh
#!/bin/bash
#by luomr #deploy yum
rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo
cat>/etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo << EOF
[Centos7]
name=This is a local repo
baseurl=http://10.0.10.1/Centos7
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
EOF
yum clean all && yum list #network
systemctl restart network.service ifconfig |grep inet|awk 'NR==1{print $2}' >/tmp/ip_local
ip=`cat /tmp/ip_local`
#nwn : network name
nwn=`ifconfig |grep eno|awk -F: '{print $1}'`
path_n=/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-"$nwn" sed -i 's/BOOTPROTO=dhcp/BOOTPROTO=static/g' $path_n
cat>>$path_n <<EOF
IPADDR=$ip
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
EOF ifdown $nwn && ifup $nwn %end

ks.cfg

配置完毕，测试，本人实操成功！