docker环境搭建

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参考地址：https://www.imooc.com/article/details/id/25228

操作系统Centos7

1、替换yum源为阿里云yum源；

//备份yum源
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup//下载阿里yunyum源
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo//清除yum缓存
yum clean all//生成yum缓存
yum makecache

2、安装docker

查看yum可以安装的docker，命令：yum list |grep docker

执行安装命令：yum install docker

安装完成之后，查看已经安装的docker，命令：yum list installed |grep docker

可以看出，安装docker需要三个包，见上图

3、添加开机启动

命令：systemctl enable docker.service

4、启动docker

命令：systemctl start docker.service

启动失败，报错信息，查看命令：journalctl -xe，具体错误信息见下图：

此linux的内核中的SELinux不支持 overlay2 graph driver ，解决方法有两个，要么启动一个新内核，要么就在docker里禁用selinux，--selinux-enabled=false

修改文件，/etc/sysconfig/docker,在--selinux-enabled后面添加=false即可！具体修改见下图

重启docker，命令：systemctl restart docker.service查看docker信息，命令：docker info

[root@localhost ~]# docker info
Containers:
Running:
Paused:
Stopped:
Images:
Server Version: 1.13.
Storage Driver: overlay2
Backing Filesystem: xfs
Supports d_type: true
Native Overlay Diff: false
Logging Driver: journald
Cgroup Driver: systemd
Plugins:
Volume: local
Network: bridge host macvlan null overlay
Swarm: inactive
Runtimes: docker-runc runc
Default Runtime: docker-runc
Init Binary: /usr/libexec/docker/docker-init-current
containerd version: (expected: aa8187dbd3b7ad67d8e5e3a15115d3eef43a7ed1)
runc version: e9c345b3f906d5dc5e8100b05ce37073a811c74a (expected: 9df8b306d01f59d3a8029be411de015b7304dd8f)
init version: 5b117de7f824f3d3825737cf09581645abbe35d4 (expected: 949e6facb77383876aeff8a6944dde66b3089574)
Security Options:
seccomp
WARNING: You're not using the default seccomp profile
Profile: /etc/docker/seccomp.json
Kernel Version: 3.10.-.el7.x86_64
Operating System: CentOS Linux (Core)
OSType: linux
Architecture: x86_64
Number of Docker Hooks:
CPUs:
Total Memory: 2.731 GiB
Name: localhost.localdomain
ID: NDA4:FMH4:OVC2:HARD:3Q4V:ZWIE:UTJU:YVR3:AFEE:FOBN:54NL:GXGU
Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
Debug Mode (client): false
Debug Mode (server): false
Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
Experimental: false
Insecure Registries:
127.0.0.0/
Live Restore Enabled: false
Registries: docker.io (secure)

Hello World

下面，我们通过最简单的 image 文件"hello world"，感受一下 Docker。

因为国内连接 Docker 的官方仓库很慢，因此我们在日常使用中会使用Docker 中国加速器。通过 Docker 官方镜像加速，中国区用户能够快速访问最流行的 Docker 镜像。该镜像托管于中国大陆，本地用户现在将会享受到更快的下载速度和更强的稳定性，从而能够更敏捷地开发和交付 Docker 化应用。

Docker 中国官方镜像加速可通过registry.docker-cn.com访问。该镜像库只包含流行的公有镜像，私有镜像仍需要从美国镜像库中拉取。

修改系统中docker对应的配置文件即可，如下：

vi /etc/docker/daemon.json
#添加后
{ "registry-mirrors": ["https://registry.docker-cn.com"], "live-restore": true}

也可以替换成网易的镜像地址

{
"registry-mirrors": ["http://hub-mirror.c.163.com"]
}

我们选择用网易的镜像地址。

运行下面的命令，将 image 文件从仓库抓取到本地。

docker pull library/hello-world

上面代码中，docker image pull是抓取 image 文件的命令。library/hello-world是 image 文件在仓库里面的位置，其中library是 image 文件所在的组，hello-world是 image 文件的名字。

抓取成功以后，就可以在本机看到这个 image 文件了。

查看下载的镜像，命令：docker images

[root@localhost docker]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
docker.io/hello-world latest e38bc07ac18e weeks ago 1.85 kB

运行hello-world镜像，命令：docker run hello-world

[root@localhost docker]# docker run hello-worldHello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
(amd64)
. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
to your terminal.To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
$ docker run -it ubuntu bashShare images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
https://hub.docker.com/For more examples and ideas, visit:
https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/