小白自制Linux开发板 五. Debian文件系统制作,以及WIFI配置、交换分区配置

sudo apt install qemu-user-static -y
sudo apt install debootstrap -y
mkdir rootfs

sudo debootstrap --foreign --verbose --arch=armel buster rootfs http://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/

cd rootfs
sudo mount --bind /dev dev/
sudo mount --bind /sys sys/
sudo mount --bind /proc proc/
sudo mount --bind /dev/pts dev/pts/
cd ..
sudo cp /usr/bin/qemu-arm-static rootfs/usr/bin/
sudo chmod +x rootfs/usr/bin/qemu-arm-static
sudo LC_ALL=C LANGUAGE=C LANG=C chroot rootfs /debootstrap/debootstrap --second-stage --verbose
sudo LC_ALL=C LANGUAGE=C LANG=C chroot rootfs

vi /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian buster main

apt-get update

apt-get install wpasupplicant #安装WIFI配置相关的组件
apt-get install net-tools #安装网络基础组件、如使用ifconfig等
apt-get install udhcpc #当wifi连接成功后，需要用这个组件去获取IP地址## 其他组件
apt-get install wireless-tools
apt install sudo vim openssh-server htop
apt install pciutils usbutils acpi

passwd root

groupadd <用户组>
useradd -m -g <用户组> -s /bin/bash <用户名>
passwd <用户名>

<用户名> is not in the sudoers file. This incident will be reported.

$ su

# vi /etc/sudoers

HOSTNAME=<你的主机名>
echo $HOSTNAME > /etc/hostname
echo $HOSTNAME > /proc/sys/kernel/hostname
sed -i '/localhost/s/$/\t'"$HOSTNAME"'/g' /etc/hosts

cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime

vi rootfs/etc/ssh/sshd_config

PermitRootLogin yes

apt-cache clean #删除安装包
exit #退出chroot
rm rootfs/usr/bin/qemu-arm-static

cd rootfs
sudo umount dev/pts/
sudo umount dev/
sudo umount sys/
sudo umount proc/
sudo umount dev/pts/

# cd rootfs #进到文件系统目录,如果已经在该文件夹下，可以忽略
tar cvf ../rootfs.tar . #要注意那个. 代表当前目录

vi /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf

network={
ssid="我的热点"
psk="我的密码"
}

wpa_supplicant -B -d -i wlan0 -c /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf

root@dika-pc:~# wpa_supplicant -B -i wlan0 -c /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
Successfully initialized wpa_supplicant
rfkill: Cannot open RFKILL control device
root@dika-pc:~# [ 444.817608] wlan0: authenticate with e4:67:1e:02:33:c0
[ 444.843208] wlan0: send auth to e4:67:1e:02:33:c0 (try 1/3)
[ 444.900867] wlan0: authenticated
[ 444.935561] wlan0: associate with e4:67:1e:02:33:c0 (try 1/3)
[ 444.986874] wlan0: RX AssocResp from e4:67:1e:02:33:c0 (capab=0x411 status=0 aid=4)
[ 445.033483] wlan0: associated
[ 446.047125] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): wlan0: link becomes ready
^C

root@dika-pc:~# udhcpc -i wlan0
udhcpc: started, v1.30.1
udhcpc: sending discover
udhcpc: sending select for 172.16.1.106
udhcpc: lease of 172.16.1.106 obtained, lease time 43200
root@dika-pc:~# ping www.dika.ren
PING www.dika.ren (149.129.80.46) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 149.129.80.46: icmp_seq=3 ttl=45 time=217 ms
64 bytes from 149.129.80.46: icmp_seq=4 ttl=45 time=417 ms
64 bytes from 149.129.80.46: icmp_seq=5 ttl=45 time=102 ms
64 bytes from 149.129.80.46: icmp_seq=6 ttl=45 time=108 ms
^C
--- www.dika.ren ping statistics ---
6 packets transmitted, 4 received, 33.3333% packet loss, time 346ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 102.009/211.020/417.367/127.586 ms

free

dd if=/dev/zero of=/swap1 bs=1M count=512 #改成你要设置的SWAP大小，512就是512MB

mkswap /swap1

swapon /swap1

vi /etc/fstab

/swap1 swap swap defaults 0 0