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jieba分词单例模式及linux权限不够情况下tmp_dir自定义
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在linux环境下，没有root权限的情况下，有时会碰到如下问题：
Building prefix dict from the default dictionary ...
Loading model from cache /tmp/jieba.cache
Dumping model to file cache /tmp/jieba.cache
Dump cache file failed.
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/work/anaconda3/envs/py27/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jieba/__init__.py", line , in initialize
_replace_file(fpath, cache_file)
OSError: [Errno ] Operation not permitted
这是因为jieba默认情况下在/tmp下存储缓存文件，然而不是root用户，权限不够。解决办法是修改默认缓存文件的目录，把缓存文件放在用户的目录下面。 jieba文档提到了tmp_dir和cache_file可以改，所以我们查看了下源码
/home/work/anaconda3/envs/py27/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jieba/__init__.py，文件52行-66行如下：
class Tokenizer(object):
def __init__(self, dictionary=DEFAULT_DICT):
self.lock = threading.RLock()
if dictionary == DEFAULT_DICT:
self.dictionary = dictionary
else:
self.dictionary = _get_abs_path(dictionary)
self.FREQ = {}
self.total =
self.user_word_tag_tab = {}
self.initialized = False
self.tmp_dir = None
# self.tmp_dir = '/'
self.cache_file = None
修改源码，在64行self.tmp_dir中可以设置自定义缓存路径。
另外一种方式是在代码中修改，以下是jieba单例模式demo
class Singleton(object):
"""
Jieba Utils Class
"""
_instance = None def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
if not cls._instance:
cls._instance = super(Singleton, cls).__new__(cls, *args, **kwargs)
return cls._instance class JiebaUtil(Singleton):
"""
jiebautil 工具包
"""
_jieba_instance = None def get_instance(self):
"""
get the global jieba instance
"""
if self._jieba_instance:
return self._jieba_instance
print 'initialize...'
obj = jieba.Tokenizer()
obj.tmp_dir = dirpath
obj.load_userdict(user_dict_path)
obj.initialize()
self._jieba_instance = obj
return obj if __name__ == '__main__': one = JiebaUtil()
two = JiebaUtil() print one == two tkn = one.get_instance()
tkn2 = one.get_instance()
print tkn == tkn2 print id(one), id(two) print id(tkn), id(tkn2)
在27行中可以设置自定义的他们tmp_dir缓存路径。
参考：
http://funhacks.net/2017/01/17/singleton/
https://blog.csdn.net/sijiaqi11/article/details/78601258
