Nginx安装、多域名访问

nginx

web服务 apache iis

django web框架

lvs 负载均衡 章文嵩博士

vue 尤雨溪

Tengine

F5 硬件负载

A10

安装

```

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz

tar xf nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz

cd nginx-1.16.1

yum install gcc zlib2-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel

./configure --prefix=/opt/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module

make && make install

```

目录结构

```

[root@localhost nginx]#ls

conf html logs sbin

conf 配置文件

html 存放静态文件 index.html 是默认的欢迎页面

logs 日志目录

sbin 二进制文件

启动以后会生成一个主进程，根据配置文件的选项来生成子进程（工作进程），主进程不负责处理用户的请求，用来转发用户的请求，真正负责处理用户请求的是子进程

```

命令格式

```

./sbin/nginx -h

nginx version: nginx/1.16.1

Usage: nginx [-?hvVtTq] [-s signal] [-c filename] [-p prefix] [-g directives]

Options:

-?,-h : this help

-v : show version and exit 显示版本号

-V : show version and configure options then exit 显示版本+编译时选项

-t : test configuration and exit 测试配置文件

-T : test configuration, dump it and exit

-q : suppress non-error messages during configuration testing

-s signal : send signal to a master process: stop, quit, reopen, reload

-p prefix : set prefix path (default: /opt/nginx/)

-c filename : set configuration file (default: conf/nginx.conf)

-g directives : set global directives out of configuration file

```

配置文件

```shell

#user nobody; 使用哪个用户来启动子进程

worker_processes 1; #工作进程的个数，配置成cpu的核心数-1或者-2

# cpu亲缘性绑定，让nginx的子进程工作在哪个核心上

#error_log logs/error.log;

#error_log logs/error.log notice;

#error_log logs/error.log info;

#pid logs/nginx.pid;

events {

#use [epoll|select|poll];

worker_connections 102400; # 每一个子进程可以处理的连接数

}

http {

include mime.types; #导入

default_type application/octet-stream; # 默认的请求方式

# 定义日志格式

#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

#定义日志并定义日志格式

#access_log logs/access.log main;

sendfile on;

#tcp_nopush on;

#keepalive_timeout 0;

keepalive_timeout 65; # 保持长连接的超时时间

#gzip on;

server {

listen 80; #监听端口

server_name localhost;

#charset koi8-r;

#access_log logs/host.access.log main;

location / {

root html; # 指定静态文件地址

index index.html index.htm; # 指定默认的index页面

}

# 错误页面 找不到页面

#error_page 404 /404.html;

# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html

#

# 错误页面 服务端错误

error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;

location = /50x.html {

root html;

}

# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80

#

#location ~ \.php$ {

# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;

#}

# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000

#

#location ~ \.php$ {

# root html;

# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

# fastcgi_index index.php;

# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;

# include fastcgi_params;

#}

# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root

# concurs with nginx's one

#

#location ~ /\.ht {

# deny all;

#}

}

# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration

#

#server {

# listen 8000;

# listen somename:8080;

# server_name somename alias another.alias;

# location / {

# root html;

# index index.html index.htm;

# }

#}

# HTTPS server

#

#server {

# listen 443 ssl;

# server_name localhost;

# ssl_certificate cert.pem;

# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;

# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;

# ssl_session_timeout 5m;

# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;

# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

# location / {

# root html;

# index index.html index.htm;

# }

#}

}

```

404页面

```

error_page 404 /404.html;

```

root和alias的区别

```

location /img {

　　root /data/img;

}

root /data/img 里面必须有/img

location /img {

　　alias /data/img;

}

alias /data/img 里面不需要有 /img

```

域名

```

server_name mynginx.com

```

多域名访问

```

server {

　　listen 80;

　　server_name www.taobao.com taobao.com;

　　location / {

　　　　root /data/taobao;

　　　　index index.html;

　　}

}

server {

　　listen 80;

　　server_name www.jd.com jd.com;

　　location / {

　　　　root /data/jd;

　　　　index index.html;

　　}

}

```

默认server

```

listen 80 default_server; #放在server中的端口号后面，在使用ip访问时，默认访问的server

```