第 3 章 镜像 - 013 - Dockerfile 构建镜像

 FROM ubuntu

 RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y vim

 root@ubuntu:~# pwd

 /root

 root@ubuntu:~#

 root@ubuntu:~# cat Dockerfile

 FROM ubuntu

 RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y vim

 root@ubuntu:~#

 root@ubuntu:~# docker build -t ubuntu-with-vi-dockerfile .

 Sending build context to Docker daemon  .06kB

 Step / : FROM ubuntu

  ---> 1d9c17228a9e

 Step / : RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y vim

  ---> Running in 1ffb347c507f

 Get: http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease [83.2 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease [242 kB]

 Get: http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/multiverse amd64 Packages [1367 B]

 Get: http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe amd64 Packages [135 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease [88.7 kB]

 Get: http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main amd64 Packages [300 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease [74.6 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages [1344 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/restricted amd64 Packages [13.5 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 Packages [11.3 MB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/multiverse amd64 Packages [186 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/restricted amd64 Packages [10.7 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages [6931 B]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe amd64 Packages [900 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 Packages [618 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports/universe amd64 Packages [3655 B]

 Fetched 15.3 MB in 48s ( kB/s)

 Reading package lists...

 Reading package lists...

 Building dependency tree...

 Reading state information...

 The following additional packages will be installed:

   file libexpat1 libgpm2 libmagic-mgc libmagic1 libmpdec2 libpython3.

   libpython3.-minimal libpython3.-stdlib libreadline7 libsqlite3- libssl1.

   mime-support readline-common vim-common vim-runtime xxd xz-utils

 Suggested packages:

   gpm readline-doc ctags vim-doc vim-scripts

 The following NEW packages will be installed:

   file libexpat1 libgpm2 libmagic-mgc libmagic1 libmpdec2 libpython3.

   libpython3.-minimal libpython3.-stdlib libreadline7 libsqlite3- libssl1.

   mime-support readline-common vim vim-common vim-runtime xxd xz-utils

  upgraded,  newly installed,  to remove and  not upgraded.

 Need to get 12.7 MB of archives.

 After this operation, 61.0 MB of additional disk space will be used.

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 libmagic-mgc amd64 1:5.32-2ubuntu0.1 [184 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 libmagic1 amd64 1:5.32-2ubuntu0.1 [68.4 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 file amd64 1:5.32-2ubuntu0.1 [22.1 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 libexpat1 amd64 2.2.5-3 [80.2 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 libmpdec2 amd64 2.4.2-1ubuntu1 [84.1 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 libssl1.1 amd64 1.1.0g-2ubuntu4.3 [1130 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 libpython3.6-minimal amd64 3.6.7-1~18.04 [531 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 mime-support all 3.60ubuntu1 [30.1 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 readline-common all 7.0-3 [52.9 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 libreadline7 amd64 7.0-3 [124 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 libsqlite3-0 amd64 3.22.0-1 [496 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 libpython3.6-stdlib amd64 3.6.7-1~18.04 [1711 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 xxd amd64 2:8.0.1453-1ubuntu1 [49.2 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 vim-common all 2:8.0.1453-1ubuntu1 [70.4 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 xz-utils amd64 5.2.2-1.3 [83.8 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 libgpm2 amd64 1.20.7-5 [15.1 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 libpython3.6 amd64 3.6.7-1~18.04 [1415 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 vim-runtime all 2:8.0.1453-1ubuntu1 [5437 kB]

 Get: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 vim amd64 2:8.0.1453-1ubuntu1 [1152 kB]

 debconf: delaying package configuration, since apt-utils is not installed

 Fetched 12.7 MB in 38s ( kB/s)

 Selecting previously unselected package libmagic-mgc.

 (Reading database ...  files and directories currently installed.)

 Preparing to unpack .../-libmagic-mgc_1%3a5.-2ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb ...

 Unpacking libmagic-mgc (:5.32-2ubuntu0.) ...

 Selecting previously unselected package libmagic1:amd64.

 Preparing to unpack .../-libmagic1_1%3a5.-2ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb ...

 Unpacking libmagic1:amd64 (:5.32-2ubuntu0.) ...

 Selecting previously unselected package file.

 Preparing to unpack .../-file_1%3a5.-2ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb ...

 Unpacking file (:5.32-2ubuntu0.) ...

 Selecting previously unselected package libexpat1:amd64.

 Preparing to unpack .../-libexpat1_2.2.5-3_amd64.deb ...

 Unpacking libexpat1:amd64 (2.2.-) ...

 Selecting previously unselected package libmpdec2:amd64.

 Preparing to unpack .../-libmpdec2_2.4.2-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb ...

 Unpacking libmpdec2:amd64 (2.4.-1ubuntu1) ...

 Selecting previously unselected package libssl1.:amd64.

 Preparing to unpack .../-libssl1.1_1..0g-2ubuntu4.3_amd64.deb ...

 Unpacking libssl1.:amd64 (1.1.0g-2ubuntu4.) ...

 Selecting previously unselected package libpython3.-minimal:amd64.

 Preparing to unpack .../-libpython3.-minimal_3.6.7-~.04_amd64.deb ...

 Unpacking libpython3.-minimal:amd64 (3.6.-~18.04) ...

 Selecting previously unselected package mime-support.

 Preparing to unpack .../-mime-support_3.60ubuntu1_all.deb ...

 Unpacking mime-support (.60ubuntu1) ...

 Selecting previously unselected package readline-common.

 Preparing to unpack .../-readline-common_7.-3_all.deb ...

 Unpacking readline-common (7.0-) ...

 Selecting previously unselected package libreadline7:amd64.

 Preparing to unpack .../-libreadline7_7.-3_amd64.deb ...

 Unpacking libreadline7:amd64 (7.0-) ...

 Selecting previously unselected package libsqlite3-:amd64.

 Preparing to unpack .../-libsqlite3-0_3.22.0-1_amd64.deb ...

 Unpacking libsqlite3-:amd64 (3.22.-) ...

 Selecting previously unselected package libpython3.-stdlib:amd64.

 Preparing to unpack .../-libpython3.-stdlib_3.6.7-~.04_amd64.deb ...

 Unpacking libpython3.-stdlib:amd64 (3.6.-~18.04) ...

 Selecting previously unselected package xxd.

 Preparing to unpack .../-xxd_2%3a8.0.1453-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb ...

 Unpacking xxd (:8.0.-1ubuntu1) ...

 Selecting previously unselected package vim-common.

 Preparing to unpack .../-vim-common_2%3a8.0.1453-1ubuntu1_all.deb ...

 Unpacking vim-common (:8.0.-1ubuntu1) ...

 Selecting previously unselected package xz-utils.

 Preparing to unpack .../-xz-utils_5.2.2-.3_amd64.deb ...

 Unpacking xz-utils (5.2.-1.3) ...

 Selecting previously unselected package libgpm2:amd64.

 Preparing to unpack .../-libgpm2_1.20.7-5_amd64.deb ...

 Unpacking libgpm2:amd64 (1.20.-) ...

 Selecting previously unselected package libpython3.:amd64.

 Preparing to unpack .../-libpython3.6_3.6.7-~.04_amd64.deb ...

 Unpacking libpython3.:amd64 (3.6.-~18.04) ...

 Selecting previously unselected package vim-runtime.

 Preparing to unpack .../-vim-runtime_2%3a8.0.1453-1ubuntu1_all.deb ...

 Adding 'diversion of /usr/share/vim/vim80/doc/help.txt to /usr/share/vim/vim80/doc/help.txt.vim-tiny by vim-runtime'

 Adding 'diversion of /usr/share/vim/vim80/doc/tags to /usr/share/vim/vim80/doc/tags.vim-tiny by vim-runtime'

 Unpacking vim-runtime (:8.0.-1ubuntu1) ...

 Selecting previously unselected package vim.

 Preparing to unpack .../-vim_2%3a8.0.1453-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb ...

 Unpacking vim (:8.0.-1ubuntu1) ...

 Setting up readline-common (7.0-) ...

 Setting up libexpat1:amd64 (2.2.-) ...

 Setting up mime-support (.60ubuntu1) ...

 Setting up xxd (:8.0.-1ubuntu1) ...

 Setting up libgpm2:amd64 (1.20.-) ...

 Setting up libreadline7:amd64 (7.0-) ...

 Setting up libmagic-mgc (:5.32-2ubuntu0.) ...

 Setting up libmagic1:amd64 (:5.32-2ubuntu0.) ...

 Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1) ...

 Setting up libssl1.:amd64 (1.1.0g-2ubuntu4.) ...

 debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Dialog

 debconf: (TERM is not set, so the dialog frontend is not usable.)

 debconf: falling back to frontend: Readline

 debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Readline

 debconf: (Can't locate Term/ReadLine.pm in @INC (you may need to install the Term::ReadLine module) (@INC contains: /etc/perl /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.26.1 /usr/local/share/perl/5.26.1 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl5/5.26 /usr/share/perl5 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.26 /usr/share/perl/5.26 /usr/local/lib/site_perl /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl-base) at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/FrontEnd/Readline.pm line 7.)

 debconf: falling back to frontend: Teletype

 Setting up xz-utils (5.2.-1.3) ...

 update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/xz to provide /usr/bin/lzma (lzma) in auto mode

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/man1/lzma..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/man1/xz..gz (of link group lzma) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/man1/unlzma..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/man1/unxz..gz (of link group lzma) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/man1/lzcat..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/man1/xzcat..gz (of link group lzma) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/man1/lzmore..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/man1/xzmore..gz (of link group lzma) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/man1/lzless..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/man1/xzless..gz (of link group lzma) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/man1/lzdiff..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/man1/xzdiff..gz (of link group lzma) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/man1/lzcmp..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/man1/xzcmp..gz (of link group lzma) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/man1/lzgrep..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/man1/xzgrep..gz (of link group lzma) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/man1/lzegrep..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/man1/xzegrep..gz (of link group lzma) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/man1/lzfgrep..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/man1/xzfgrep..gz (of link group lzma) doesn't exist

 Setting up vim-common (:8.0.-1ubuntu1) ...

 Setting up libsqlite3-:amd64 (3.22.-) ...

 Setting up vim-runtime (:8.0.-1ubuntu1) ...

 Setting up libmpdec2:amd64 (2.4.-1ubuntu1) ...

 Setting up file (:5.32-2ubuntu0.) ...

 Setting up libpython3.-minimal:amd64 (3.6.-~18.04) ...

 Setting up libpython3.-stdlib:amd64 (3.6.-~18.04) ...

 Setting up libpython3.:amd64 (3.6.-~18.04) ...

 Setting up vim (:8.0.-1ubuntu1) ...

 update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/vim (vim) in auto mode

 update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/vimdiff (vimdiff) in auto mode

 update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/rvim (rvim) in auto mode

 update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/rview (rview) in auto mode

 update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/vi (vi) in auto mode

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/fr/man1/vi..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/fr/man1/vim..gz (of link group vi) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/it/man1/vi..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/it/man1/vim..gz (of link group vi) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/pl/man1/vi..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/pl/man1/vim..gz (of link group vi) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/ru/man1/vi..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/ru/man1/vim..gz (of link group vi) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/ja/man1/vi..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/ja/man1/vim..gz (of link group vi) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/man1/vi..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/man1/vim..gz (of link group vi) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/view (view) in auto mode

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/fr/man1/view..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/fr/man1/vim..gz (of link group view) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/it/man1/view..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/it/man1/vim..gz (of link group view) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/pl/man1/view..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/pl/man1/vim..gz (of link group view) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/ru/man1/view..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/ru/man1/vim..gz (of link group view) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/ja/man1/view..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/ja/man1/vim..gz (of link group view) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/man1/view..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/man1/vim..gz (of link group view) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/ex (ex) in auto mode

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/fr/man1/ex..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/fr/man1/vim..gz (of link group ex) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/it/man1/ex..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/it/man1/vim..gz (of link group ex) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/pl/man1/ex..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/pl/man1/vim..gz (of link group ex) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/ru/man1/ex..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/ru/man1/vim..gz (of link group ex) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/ja/man1/ex..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/ja/man1/vim..gz (of link group ex) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/man1/ex..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/man1/vim..gz (of link group ex) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/editor (editor) in auto mode

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/fr/man1/editor..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/fr/man1/vim..gz (of link group editor) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/it/man1/editor..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/it/man1/vim..gz (of link group editor) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/pl/man1/editor..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/pl/man1/vim..gz (of link group editor) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/ru/man1/editor..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/ru/man1/vim..gz (of link group editor) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/ja/man1/editor..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/ja/man1/vim..gz (of link group editor) doesn't exist

 update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/man1/editor..gz because associated file /usr/share/man/man1/vim..gz (of link group editor) doesn't exist

 Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1) ...

 Removing intermediate container 1ffb347c507f

  ---> 1e996ab06bb9

 Successfully built 1e996ab06bb9

 Successfully tagged ubuntu-with-vi-dockerfile:latest

 root@ubuntu:~#

 root@ubuntu:~# docker images

 REPOSITORY                  TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE

 ubuntu-with-vi-dockerfile   latest              1e996ab06bb9         minutes ago       170MB

 ubuntu-with-vi              latest              b5410dfa9a42         days ago          170MB

 ubuntu                      latest              1d9c17228a9e         days ago          .7MB

 root@ubuntu:~#

 root@ubuntu:~# docker history ubuntu

 IMAGE               CREATED             CREATED BY                                      SIZE                COMMENT

 1d9c17228a9e         days ago          /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["/bin/bash"]            0B

 <missing>            days ago          /bin/sh -c mkdir -p /run/systemd && echo 'do…   7B

 <missing>            days ago          /bin/sh -c rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*          0B

 <missing>           5 days ago          /bin/sh -c set -xe   && echo '#!/bin/sh' > /…   745B

 <missing>           5 days ago          /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:c0f17c7189fc11b6a…   86.7MB

 root@ubuntu:~# docker history ubuntu-with-vi-dockerfile:latest

 IMAGE               CREATED             CREATED BY                                      SIZE                COMMENT

 1e996ab06bb9        25 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c apt-get update && apt-get install…   83.8MB

 1d9c17228a9e        5 days ago          /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["/bin/bash"]            0B

 <missing>           5 days ago          /bin/sh -c mkdir -p /run/systemd && echo 'do…   7B

 <missing>           5 days ago          /bin/sh -c rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*          0B

 <missing>           5 days ago          /bin/sh -c set -xe   && echo '#!/bin/sh' > /…   745B

 <missing>           5 days ago          /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:c0f17c7189fc11b6a…   86.7MB

 root@ubuntu:~#