[TimLinux] docker CentOS7 入门——容器(1)

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1. 编写Dockerfile

# 将官方 Python 运行时用作父镜像

FROM python:3.6.

# 将工作目录设置为 /app

WORKDIR /app

# 将当前目录内容复制到位于 /app 中的容器中

ADD . /app

# 安装 requirements.txt 中指定的任何所需软件包

RUN pip install -r requirements.txt

# 使端口  可供此容器外的环境使用

EXPOSE 

# 定义环境变量

ENV NAME World

# 在容器启动时运行 app.py

CMD ["python", "app.py"]

2. 提供依赖文件

2.1. requirements.txt

Flask

Redis

2.2. app.py

from flask import Flask

from redis import Redis, RedisError

import os

import socket

# Connect to Redis

redis = Redis(host="redis", db=0, socket_connect_timeout=2, socket_timeout=2)

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route("/")

def hello():

    try:

        visits = redis.incr("counter")

    except RedisError:

        visits = "<i>cannot connect to Redis, counter disabled</i>"

    html = "<h3>Hello {name}!</h3>" \

           "<b>Hostname:</b> {hostname}<br/>" \

           "<b>Visits:</b> {visits}"

    return html.format(name=os.getenv("NAME", "world"), hostname=socket.gethostname(), visits=visits)

if __name__ == "__main__":

    app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=80)

3. 构建应用

root@VM_0_7_centos p]# ls

app.py  Dockerfile  requirements.txt

[root@VM_0_7_centos p]# docker build -t friendlyhello .

Sending build context to Docker daemon  .608kB

Step / : FROM python:3.6.

3.6.: Pulling from library/python

741437d97401: Already exists

34d8874714d7: Already exists

0a108aa26679: Already exists

7f0334c36886: Already exists

65c95cb8b3be: Already exists

36185429e34c: Pull complete

99d78cb27656: Pull complete

735a9c9a10ba: Pull complete

aa45785265a0: Pull complete

Digest: sha256:00110125bd9c23f200cfd2cfa82e68b8ab2006e1358f7a048e005794aa51568f

Status: Downloaded newer image for python:3.6.

 ---> e0a418687f6c

Step / : WORKDIR /app

 ---> Running in 5402422af25a

Removing intermediate container 5402422af25a

 ---> e1f264441e23

Step / : ADD . /app

 ---> 36cf6907a33f

Step / : RUN pip install -r requirements.txt

 ---> Running in 1f1a15b13b08

Collecting Flask (from -r requirements.txt (line ))

  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/7f/e7/08578774ed4536d3242b14dacb4696386634607af824ea997202cd0edb4b/Flask-1.0.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (91kB)

Collecting Redis (from -r requirements.txt (line ))

  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/d0/8b/c43ef27d02382853b22c49bc41a8389e47d60811dd1d72b9a45bc905a5f8/redis-3.2.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (65kB)

Collecting Werkzeug>=0.14 (from Flask->-r requirements.txt (line ))

  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/20/c4/12e3e56473e52375aa29c4764e70d1b8f3efa6682bef8d0aae04fe335243/Werkzeug-0.14.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (322kB)

Collecting itsdangerous>=0.24 (from Flask->-r requirements.txt (line ))

  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/76/ae/44b03b253d6fade317f32c24d100b3b35c2239807046a4c953c7b89fa49e/itsdangerous-1.1.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl

Collecting click>=5.1 (from Flask->-r requirements.txt (line ))

  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/fa/37/45185cb5abbc30d7257104c434fe0b07e5a195a6847506c074527aa599ec/Click-7.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (81kB)

Collecting Jinja2>=2.10 (from Flask->-r requirements.txt (line ))

  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/7f/ff/ae64bacdfc95f27a016a7bed8e8686763ba4d277a78ca76f32659220a731/Jinja2-2.10-py2.py3-none-any.whl (126kB)

Collecting MarkupSafe>=0.23 (from Jinja2>=2.10->Flask->-r requirements.txt (line ))

  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/08/04/f2191b50fb7f0712f03f064b71d8b4605190f2178ba02e975a87f7b89a0d/MarkupSafe-1.1.0-cp36-cp36m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl

Installing collected packages: Werkzeug, itsdangerous, click, MarkupSafe, Jinja2, Flask, Redis

Successfully installed Flask-1.0. Jinja2-2.10 MarkupSafe-1.1. Redis-3.2. Werkzeug-0.14. click-7.0 itsdangerous-1.1.

Removing intermediate container 1f1a15b13b08

 ---> 4b5a84e8ba00

Step / : EXPOSE

 ---> Running in 3f41d16ac324

Removing intermediate container 3f41d16ac324

 ---> e757e6f67a39

Step / : ENV NAME World

 ---> Running in 72edb9f98355

Removing intermediate container 72edb9f98355

 ---> 7dafe4033354

Step / : CMD ["python", "app.py"]

 ---> Running in bfbd6350bd43

Removing intermediate container bfbd6350bd43

 ---> 0667cb3d8f91

Successfully built 0667cb3d8f91

Successfully tagged friendlyhello:latest

4. 运行应用

# docker run -d -p : friendlyhello

d5ef6edaa6d1e7df9bd6d997a0c672a8e2d43895c7db0c5ff373b681e84849f0

# curl http://localhost:4000

<h3>Hello World!</h3><b>Hostname:</b> d5ef6edaa6d1<br/><b>Visits:</b> <i>cannot connect to Redis, counter disabled</i>

# docker ps

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                  NAMES

d5ef6edaa6d1        friendlyhello       "python app.py"      seconds ago       Up  seconds        0.0.0.0:->/tcp   priceless_chebyshev

停止应用

# docker stop d5ef6edaa6d1

5. 发布镜像

在cloud.docker.com网站注册
docker login 命令登录
标记本地镜像：docker tag friendlyhello timscm/get-started:part1
发布镜像: docker push timscm/get-started:part1
下载远程镜像（测试目的，可能需要先删除已存在的镜像）：docker run -p 4000:80 timscm/get-started:part1

[root@VM_0_7_centos ~]# docker login

Login with your Docker ID to push and pull images from Docker Hub. If you don't have a Docker ID, head over to https://hub.docker.com to create one.

Username: timscm

Password:

WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.

Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See

https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store

Login Succeeded

[root@VM_0_7_centos ~]# docker images

REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE

friendlyhello       latest              0667cb3d8f91         minutes ago      932MB

python              3.6.               e0a418687f6c         days ago          922MB

python              latest              ac069ebfe1e1         days ago          927MB

hello-world         latest              fce289e99eb9         weeks ago         .84kB

[root@VM_0_7_centos ~]# docker tag image timscm/get-started:part1

Error response from daemon: No such image: image:latest

[root@VM_0_7_centos ~]# docker tag friendlyhello timscm/get-started:part1

[root@VM_0_7_centos ~]# docker images

REPOSITORY           TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE

friendlyhello        latest              0667cb3d8f91         minutes ago      932MB

timscm/get-started   part1               0667cb3d8f91         minutes ago      932MB

python               3.6.               e0a418687f6c         days ago          922MB

python               latest              ac069ebfe1e1         days ago          927MB

hello-world          latest              fce289e99eb9         weeks ago         .84kB

[root@VM_0_7_centos ~]# docker push timscm/get-started:part1

The push refers to repository [docker.io/timscm/get-started]

c21f48b71c61: Pushed

599fd8743518: Pushed

07de0bdbb7e4: Pushed

195394b646ef: Mounted from library/python

f50f856f49fa: Mounted from library/python

80b43ad4adf9: Mounted from library/python

14c77983a1cf: Mounted from library/python

a22a5ac18042: Mounted from library/python

6257fa9f9597: Mounted from library/python

578414b395b9: Mounted from library/python

abc3250a6c7f: Mounted from library/python

13d5529fd232: Mounted from library/python

part1: digest: sha256:6e167aed79463d62a48d0dffaf9e70c1e030e34ce09120bd020b0fe3b9178f7c size:

[root@VM_0_7_centos ~]# docker run -d -p : timscm/get-started:part1

96092534319b79111e7bf3343eb99409fa9ea0d5b87e7aa7eec6facacd98421d

[root@VM_0_7_centos ~]# docker images -q

0667cb3d8f91

0667cb3d8f91

e0a418687f6c

ac069ebfe1e1

fce289e99eb9

[root@VM_0_7_centos ~]# docker rmi $(docker images -q)

Untagged: python:latest

Untagged: python@sha256:fb877e7ea5c40de100534c6d6f515c486247bfd899cb2767f2de0e876a8127fa

Deleted: sha256:ac069ebfe1e184fc65f70cf83dbb4eeee0c495dbba6757954c130e4125e674e6

Deleted: sha256:926dd46f86107116ae928b9efa391acc9d2efd2656e0f15117139dfc817fb074

Deleted: sha256:70cea1735c6327330cf2c69a48fa543b6f83de73288228047a579c6b31ddcf17

Deleted: sha256:3d46a7823c655242fec7260b8e77a19e3ddf954555f11e91f983a84a0c4b01b2

Deleted: sha256:9f1a83701a94dae5b5546c0cc5d4af12fc215002b79437cef0320c586bd959a7

Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to delete 0667cb3d8f91 (cannot be forced) - image is being used by running container 96092534319b

Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to delete 0667cb3d8f91 (cannot be forced) - image is being used by running container 96092534319b

Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to delete e0a418687f6c (cannot be forced) - image has dependent child images

Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to delete fce289e99eb9 (must be forced) - image is being used by stopped container ebf4c60de4b6

[root@VM_0_7_centos ~]# docker ps

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                      COMMAND             CREATED              STATUS              PORTS                  NAMES

96092534319b        timscm/get-started:part1   "python app.py"     About a minute ago   Up About a minute   0.0.0.0:->/tcp   nostalgic_brahmagupta

[root@VM_0_7_centos ~]# docker stop 96092534319b

96092534319b

[root@VM_0_7_centos ~]# docker images

REPOSITORY           TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE

friendlyhello        latest              0667cb3d8f91         minutes ago      932MB

timscm/get-started   part1               0667cb3d8f91         minutes ago      932MB

python               3.6.               e0a418687f6c         days ago          922MB

hello-world          latest              fce289e99eb9         weeks ago         .84kB

[root@VM_0_7_centos ~]# docker rmi $(docker images -q)

Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to delete 0667cb3d8f91 (must be forced) - image is referenced in multiple repositories

Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to delete 0667cb3d8f91 (must be forced) - image is referenced in multiple repositories

Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to delete e0a418687f6c (cannot be forced) - image has dependent child images

Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to delete fce289e99eb9 (must be forced) - image is being used by stopped container ebf4c60de4b6

[root@VM_0_7_centos ~]# docker rmi -f $(docker images -q)

Untagged: friendlyhello:latest

Untagged: timscm/get-started:part1

Untagged: timscm/get-started@sha256:6e167aed79463d62a48d0dffaf9e70c1e030e34ce09120bd020b0fe3b9178f7c

Deleted: sha256:0667cb3d8f915c1fb390f0f27d7f573771771b1f8c3a08ca60778fba36d867f7

Deleted: sha256:7dafe4033354697ee5e0100a1abda609fcdf9641f9c9026c9df1b8ddac7b2613

Deleted: sha256:e757e6f67a39c40b8d7efb150c658a1eb9a7ec2dd9056c98fc944718cc22f10e

Deleted: sha256:4b5a84e8ba00246ebc717a3dda8506745644bb33c45bafdbd6dbc8f0730636c1

Deleted: sha256:36cf6907a33f4bd53ab7c55f07e4f91d374c4011b89fd55cf34b85100a788423

Deleted: sha256:e1f264441e2316d6b2f4c422b8319b2e50ef089e6ef2d2a9d8e3e050b1ea94bf

Untagged: python:3.6.

Untagged: python@sha256:00110125bd9c23f200cfd2cfa82e68b8ab2006e1358f7a048e005794aa51568f

Deleted: sha256:e0a418687f6c53e1c097b413ab16306dbfc1d530498fbac64fbd5373cd8f885b

Untagged: hello-world:latest

Untagged: hello-world@sha256:2557e3c07ed1e38f26e389462d03ed943586f744621577a99efb77324b0fe535

Deleted: sha256:fce289e99eb9bca977dae136fbe2a82b6b7d4c372474c9235adc1741675f587e

Error: No such image: 0667cb3d8f91

[root@VM_0_7_centos ~]# docker images

REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE

[root@VM_0_7_centos ~]# docker images -a

REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE

[root@VM_0_7_centos ~]# docker run -d -p : timscm/get-started:part1

Unable to find image 'timscm/get-started:part1' locally

part1: Pulling from timscm/get-started

741437d97401: Already exists

34d8874714d7: Already exists

0a108aa26679: Already exists

7f0334c36886: Already exists

65c95cb8b3be: Already exists

36185429e34c: Already exists

99d78cb27656: Already exists

735a9c9a10ba: Already exists

aa45785265a0: Already exists

ac35858a33a0: Already exists

5288ebc86076: Already exists

7c5bb950aa22: Already exists

Digest: sha256:6e167aed79463d62a48d0dffaf9e70c1e030e34ce09120bd020b0fe3b9178f7c

Status: Downloaded newer image for timscm/get-started:part1

7c449713451aac9e6fa7a5cb64b289283e5afa203262e5cfc8cd5eec4b55645d

[root@VM_0_7_centos ~]# docker images

REPOSITORY           TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE

timscm/get-started   part1               0667cb3d8f91         minutes ago      932MB

[root@VM_0_7_centos ~]# docker images -a

REPOSITORY           TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE

timscm/get-started   part1               0667cb3d8f91         minutes ago      932MB

[root@VM_0_7_centos ~]# docker ps

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                      COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                  NAMES

7c449713451a        timscm/get-started:part1   "python app.py"      seconds ago      Up  seconds       0.0.0.0:->/tcp   gifted_swartz

[root@VM_0_7_centos ~]# curl http://localhost:4000

<h3>Hello World!</h3><b>Hostname:</b> 7c449713451a<br/><b>Visits:</b> <i>cannot connect to Redis, counter disabled</i>

[root@VM_0_7_centos ~]#

正文

2. 提供依赖文件

2.1. requirements.txt

Flask
Redis

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目录[+]

2. 提供依赖文件

2.1. requirements.txt Flask Redis

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目录[+]

2.1. requirements.txt

Flask
Redis

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