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CentOS和Ubuntu下安装配置Greenplum数据库集群（包括安装包和源码编译安装）

IP云V管理员/2022-06-28/7 阅读

06/28

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首先说一下，无论是CentOS/RedHat还是Ubuntu都可以按源码方式、安装包方式编译安装。

1. 规划

192.168.4.93（h93） 1个主master 2个主segment、2个镜像segment

192.168.4.94（h94） 1个备master 2个主segment、2个镜像segment

都安装在/home/wslu/gp/gpsql目录。

2. 安装依赖

在h93和h94安装以下依赖：

2.1. Ubuntu

apt-get install -y git-core apt-get install -y gcc g++ apt-get install -y ccache apt-get install -y libreadline-dev apt-get install -y bison flex apt-get install -y zlib1g-dev apt-get install -y openssl libssl-dev apt-get install -y libpam-dev apt-get install -y libcurl4-dev apt-get install -y libbz2-dev apt-get install -y python-dev apt-get install -y sshapt-get install -y libcurl4-dev Package libcurl4-dev is a virtual package provided by: libcurl4-openssl-dev 7.38.0-4+deb8u2 libcurl4-nss-dev 7.38.0-4+deb8u2 libcurl4-gnutls-dev 7.38.0-4+deb8u2apt-get install -y python-pippip install lockfile pip install paramiko pip install setuptools pip install epydoc pip install psi Note: debian8 required pip install --pre psi

2.2. Centos

yum源要按照我的总结中的设置。

yum install –y git.x86_64 yum install –y gcc.x86_64 gcc-c++.x86_64 yum install –y ccache.x86_64 yum install readline.x86_64 readline-devel.x86_64 yum install bison.x86_64 bison-devel.x86_64 yum install flex.x86_64 flex-devel.x86_64 yum install zlib.x86_64 zlib-devel.x86_64 yum install -y openssl.x86_64 openssl-devel.x86_64 yum install -y pam.x86_64 pam-devel.x86_64 yum install –y libcurl.x86_64 libcurl-devel.x86_64 yum install bzip2-libs.x86_64 bzip2.x86_64 bzip2-devel.x86_64 yum install libssh2.x86_64 libssh2-devel.x86_64 yum install python-devel.x86_64 yum install -y python-pip.noarch接着执行： pip install lockfile pip install paramiko pip install setuptools pip install epydoc pip install psi 或者执行： yum install python-lockfile.noarch yum install python-PSI.x86_64 yum install python-paramiko.noarch yum install python-setuptools.noarch yum install epydoc.noarch

3. 源码安装

3.1. 克隆源码

在h93和h94执行：

$ mkdir /home/wslu/gp/greenplum $ cd /home/wslu/gp/greenplum $ git clone https://github.com/greenplum-db/gpdb.

3.2. 编译安装

在h93和h94执行：

$ cd /home/wslu/gp/greenplum $ CFLAGS+="-O2" ./configure--prefix=/home/wslu/gp/gpsql --enable-debug --enable-depend --enable-cassert $ make $ make install

安装时如果遇到某些python包(lockfile、 paramiko、PSI等)找不到，可以参考HAWQ， (源码https://github.com/apache/incubator-hawq)<hawq_src>/tools/bin/pythonSrc/ 下所有的压缩包拷贝到/home/wslu/gp/greenplum/gpMgmt/bin/pythonSrc/ext/ 中，然后再make install即可。

至此集群源码编译完成。

4. 安装包安装

下载greenplum-db-4.3.6.1-build-2-RHEL5-x86_64.zip

$ unzip greenplum-db-4.3.6.1-build-2-RHEL5-x86_64.zip

在h93和h94使用普通用户安装：

$./greenplum-db-4.3.6.1-build-2-RHEL5-x86_64.bin

安装到 /home/wslu/gp/gpsql

5. 设置操作系统参数

在h93和h94执行下述设置：

5.1. 系统级参数配置

以下配置需要在root下进行配置，所以需要能够得到root权限。

首先是防火墙的设置：

service iptables status #查看是否开启了防火墙 service iptables stop #关闭防火墙 chkconfig iptables off #设置开机不会启动防火墙

其次是ssh的速度设置：

sed -i 's/^GSS/#&/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config #用来加速SSH连接的 service sshd reload

内核处理和内存方面的设置：

# 设置内核参数, 并在启动时生效 sysctl -p - >>/etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF # configurations kernel.sysrq=1 kernel.core_pattern=core kernel.core_uses_pid=1 kernel.msgmnb=65536 kernel.msgmax=65536 kernel.msgmni=2048 kernel.sem=25600 3200000 10000 14200 net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies=1 net.ipv4.ip_forward=0 net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route=0 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle=1 net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog=4096 net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_filter=1 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=1025 65535 net.core.netdev_max_backlog=10000 net.core.rmem_max=2097152 net.core.wmem_max=2097152 vm.overcommit_memory=1 EOF

如果配置集群时，因为要设置的共享内存大于系统最大共享内存而报错，则可以按照以下官方推荐的设置配置：

# vi /etc/sysctl.conf kernel.shmmax = 500000000 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.shmall = 4000000000 kernel.sem = 250 512000 100 2048 kernel.sysrq = 1 kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 kernel.msgmnb = 65536 kernel.msgmax = 65536 kernel.msgmni = 2048 net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 4096 net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_filter = 1 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1025 65535 net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 10000 net.core.rmem_max = 2097152 net.core.wmem_max = 2097152 vm.overcommit_memory = 2

文件读写方面的设置：

# 设置limits cat >>/etc/security/limits.d/99-kingbasedbcloud.conf <<EOF #KingbaseDBCloud configurations * soft nofile 65536 * hard nofile 65536 * soft nproc 131072 * hard nproc 131072 EOF

5.2. 数据库级的参数设置

GUC参数设置，此设置需要按照实际机器来进行配置，常用的配置有如下几点：

work_mem=1GB shared_buffers=2GB max_connections=500 max_pool_size=2000 enable_mergejoin=off enable_nestloop=off max_prepared_transactions=50 autovacuum=off interconnect_setup_timeout=1200

6. demo集群

安装完成后，就可以使用demo集群了。

执行下面命令即可在本机创建包含3个segment，3个segment-mirror，1个master的集群：

$ cd /home/wslu/gp/gpsql $ source greenplum_path.sh $ gpssh-exkeys –h localhost $ cd gpAux/gpdemo $ make cluster $ source gpdemo-env.sh

如果不想用demo集群，可以直接跳过本小节。

7. 设置环境变量

$ source gpsql/greenplum_path.sh $ exportMASTER_DATA_DIRECTORY=/home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1

8. 交换key

在h93执行：

$ gpssh-exkeys –h h94

会提示输入h94的wslu用户的密码。（用户必须和h93相同）

则h93和h94之间可以无密码登陆了。

9. 初始化集群

（1）在h93和h94执行下述指令，以创建数据目录：

$ mkdir gpsql/data/primarygpsql/data/mirror gpsql/data/master –p

（2）在h93创建配置文件configs/gpinitsystem_config，内容如下：

ARRAY_NAME="EMC Greenplum DW" SEG_PREFIX=gpseg PORT_BASE=40000 declare -a DATA_DIRECTORY=(/home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/primary /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/primary) MASTER_HOSTNAME=h93 MASTER_DIRECTORY=/home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master MASTER_PORT=5432 TRUSTED_SHELL=ssh CHECK_POINT_SEGMENTS=8 ENCODING=UNICODE MIRROR_PORT_BASE=50000 REPLICATION_PORT_BASE=41000 MIRROR_REPLICATION_PORT_BASE=51000 declare -a MIRROR_DATA_DIRECTORY=(/home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/mirror /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/mirror)

注意：configs目录是我自己创建的、便于保存自定义配置文件的目录。该步骤的目的是创建一个初始化时要用的配置文件，并没有路径的要求。

（3）在h93创建配置文件configs/hostfile_gpinitsystem，内容如下：

h93 h94

注意：configs目录是我自己创建的、便于保存自定义配置文件的目录。该步骤的目的是创建一个初始化时要用的配置文件，并没有路径的要求。

（4）在h93执行下述指令初始化集群：

[wslu@h93 gpsql]$ gpinitsystem -c configs/gpinitsystem_config -h configs/hostfile_gpinitsystem –a 20160114:14:30:03:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Checking configuration parameters, please wait... 20160114:14:30:03:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Reading Greenplum configuration file configs/gpinitsystem_config 20160114:14:30:03:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Locale has not been set in configs/gpinitsystem_config, will set to default value 20160114:14:30:03:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Locale set to en_US.utf8 20160114:14:30:03:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-No DATABASE_NAME set, will exit following template1 updates 20160114:14:30:03:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-MASTER_MAX_CONNECT not set, will set to default value 250 20160114:14:30:03:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Checking configuration parameters, Completed 20160114:14:30:04:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Commencing multi-home checks, please wait... .. 20160114:14:30:05:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Configuring build for standard array 20160114:14:30:05:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Commencing multi-home checks, Completed 20160114:14:30:05:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Building primary segment instance array, please wait... .... 20160114:14:30:08:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Building group mirror array type , please wait... .... 20160114:14:30:12:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Checking Master host 20160114:14:30:12:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Checking new segment hosts, please wait... ........ 20160114:14:30:28:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Checking new segment hosts, Completed 20160114:14:30:28:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum Database Creation Parameters 20160114:14:30:28:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:--------------------------------------- 20160114:14:30:28:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master Configuration 20160114:14:30:28:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:--------------------------------------- 20160114:14:30:28:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master instance name = EMC Greenplum DW 20160114:14:30:28:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master hostname = h93 20160114:14:30:28:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master port = 5432 20160114:14:30:28:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master instance dir = /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1 20160114:14:30:28:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master LOCALE = en_US.utf8 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum segment prefix = gpseg 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master Database = 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master connections = 250 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master buffers = 128000kB 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Segment connections = 750 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Segment buffers = 128000kB 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Checkpoint segments = 8 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Encoding = UNICODE 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Postgres param file = Off 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Initdb to be used = /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/bin/initdb 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-GP_LIBRARY_PATH is = /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/lib 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Ulimit check = Passed 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Array host connect type = Single hostname per node 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master IP address [1] = ::1 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master IP address [2] = 192.168.4.93 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master IP address [3] = fe80::225:90ff:fe3b:86c2 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Standby Master = Not Configured 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Primary segment # = 2 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Total Database segments = 4 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Trusted shell = ssh 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Number segment hosts = 2 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Mirror port base = 50000 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Replicaton port base = 41000 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Mirror replicaton port base= 51000 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Mirror segment # = 2 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Mirroring config = ON 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Mirroring type = Group 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:---------------------------------------- 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum Primary Segment Configuration 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:---------------------------------------- 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-h93 /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/primary/gpseg0 40000 2 0 41000 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-h93 /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/primary/gpseg1 40001 3 1 41001 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-h94 /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/primary/gpseg2 40000 4 2 41000 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-h94 /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/primary/gpseg3 40001 5 3 41001 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:--------------------------------------- 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum Mirror Segment Configuration 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:--------------------------------------- 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-h94 /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/mirror/gpseg0 50000 6 0 51000 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-h94 /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/mirror/gpseg1 50001 7 1 51001 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-h93 /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/mirror/gpseg2 50000 8 2 51000 20160114:14:30:29:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-h93 /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/mirror/gpseg3 50001 9 3 51001 Continue with Greenplum creation Yy/Nn> y 20160114:14:30:32:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Building the Master instance database, please wait... 20160114:14:31:08:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Starting the Master in admin mode 20160114:14:32:01:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Commencing parallel build of primary segment instances 20160114:14:32:01:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Spawning parallel processes batch [1], please wait... .... 20160114:14:32:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Waiting for parallel processes batch [1], please wait... ........................................................... 20160114:14:33:01:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------ 20160114:14:33:01:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Parallel process exit status 20160114:14:33:01:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------ 20160114:14:33:01:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Total processes marked as completed = 4 20160114:14:33:01:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Total processes marked as killed = 0 20160114:14:33:01:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Total processes marked as failed = 0 20160114:14:33:01:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------ 20160114:14:33:01:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Commencing parallel build of mirror segment instances 20160114:14:33:01:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Spawning parallel processes batch [1], please wait... .... 20160114:14:33:01:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Waiting for parallel processes batch [1], please wait... ......................................... 20160114:14:33:43:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------ 20160114:14:33:43:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Parallel process exit status 20160114:14:33:43:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------ 20160114:14:33:43:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Total processes marked as completed = 4 20160114:14:33:43:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Total processes marked as killed = 0 20160114:14:33:43:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Total processes marked as failed = 0 20160114:14:33:43:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------ 20160114:14:33:43:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Deleting distributed backout files 20160114:14:33:43:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Removing back out file 20160114:14:33:43:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-No errors generated from parallel processes 20160114:14:33:43:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Restarting the Greenplum instance in production mode 20160114:14:33:43:001932 gpstop:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Starting gpstop with args: -a -i -m -d /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1 20160114:14:33:43:001932 gpstop:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Gathering information and validating the environment... 20160114:14:33:43:001932 gpstop:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Obtaining Greenplum Master catalog information 20160114:14:33:43:001932 gpstop:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Obtaining Segment details from master... 20160114:14:33:43:001932 gpstop:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum Version: 'postgres (Greenplum Database) 4.3.99.00 build dev' 20160114:14:33:43:001932 gpstop:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-There are 0 connections to the database 20160114:14:33:43:001932 gpstop:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Commencing Master instance shutdown with mode='immediate' 20160114:14:33:43:001932 gpstop:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master host=h93 20160114:14:33:43:001932 gpstop:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Commencing Master instance shutdown with mode=immediate 20160114:14:33:43:001932 gpstop:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master segment instance directory=/home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1 20160114:14:33:44:001932 gpstop:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Attempting forceful termination of any leftover master process 20160114:14:33:44:001932 gpstop:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Terminating processes for segment /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1 20160114:14:33:45:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Starting gpstart with args: -a -d /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1 20160114:14:33:45:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Gathering information and validating the environment... 20160114:14:33:45:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum Binary Version: 'postgres (Greenplum Database) 4.3.99.00 build dev' 20160114:14:33:45:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum Catalog Version: '300701081' 20160114:14:33:45:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Starting Master instance in admin mode 20160114:14:33:46:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Obtaining Greenplum Master catalog information 20160114:14:33:46:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Obtaining Segment details from master... 20160114:14:33:46:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Setting new master era 20160114:14:33:46:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Master Started... 20160114:14:33:46:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Shutting down master 20160114:14:33:47:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Commencing parallel primary and mirror segment instance startup, please wait... ........ 20160114:14:33:55:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Process results... 20160114:14:33:55:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:----------------------------------------------------- 20160114:14:33:55:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:- Successful segment starts = 8 20160114:14:33:55:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:- Failed segment starts = 0 20160114:14:33:55:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:- Skipped segment starts (segments are marked down in configuration) = 0 20160114:14:33:55:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:----------------------------------------------------- 20160114:14:33:55:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:- 20160114:14:33:55:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Successfully started 8 of 8 segment instances 20160114:14:33:55:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:----------------------------------------------------- 20160114:14:33:55:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Starting Master instance h93 directory /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1 20160114:14:33:56:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Command pg_ctl reports Master h93 instance active 20160114:14:33:56:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-No standby master configured. skipping... 20160114:14:33:56:002019 gpstart:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Database successfully started 20160114:14:33:59:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Completed restart of Greenplum instance in production mode 20160114:14:33:59:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Loading gp_toolkit... 20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Scanning utility log file for any warning messages 20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Log file scan check passed 20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum Database instance successfully created 20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------------- 20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-To complete the environment configuration, please 20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-update wslu .bashrc file with the following 20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-1. Ensure that the greenplum_path.sh file is sourced 20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-2. Add "export MASTER_DATA_DIRECTORY=/home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1" 20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:- to access the Greenplum scripts for this instance: 20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:- or, use -d /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1 option for the Greenplum scripts 20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:- Example gpstate -d /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1 20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Script log file = /home/wslu/gpAdminLogs/gpinitsystem_20160114.log 20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-To remove instance, run gpdeletesystem utility 20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-To initialize a Standby Master Segment for this Greenplum instance 20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Review options for gpinitstandby 20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------------- 20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-The Master /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1/pg_hba.conf post gpinitsystem 20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-has been configured to allow all hosts within this new 20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-array to intercommunicate. Any hosts external to this 20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-new array must be explicitly added to this file 20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Refer to the Greenplum Admin support guide which is 20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-located in the /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/docs directory 20160114:14:34:02:005980 gpinitsystem:h93:wslu-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------------- [wslu@h93 gpsql]$

（5）查看目录结构：

[wslu@h93 gpsql]$ ls data master mirror primary [wslu@h93 gpsql]$ ls data/master/ gpseg-1 [wslu@h93 gpsql]$ ls data/mirror/ gpseg2 gpseg3 [wslu@h93 gpsql]$ ls data/primary/ gpseg0 gpseg1 [wslu@h93 gpsql]$[wslu@h94 gpsql]$ ls data/ master mirror primary [wslu@h94 gpsql]$ ls data/master/ [wslu@h94 gpsql]$ ls data/primary/ gpseg2 gpseg3 [wslu@h94 gpsql]$ ls data/mirror/ gpseg0 gpseg1 [wslu@h94 gpsql]$

（6）在h94初始化备master（主备master必须在不同主机，如果要配置单机多节点，则不能配置备master。这是因为目前主备master必须在相同目录，所以必然不同主机）：

[wslu@h93 gpsql]$ gpinitstandby -s h94 20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Validating environment and parameters for standby initialization... 20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Checking for filespace directory /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1 on h94 20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------------ 20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum standby master initialization parameters 20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------------ 20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum master hostname = h93 20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum master data directory = /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1 20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum master port = 5432 20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum standby master hostname = h94 20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum standby master port = 5432 20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum standby master data directory = /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1 20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Greenplum update system catalog = On 20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------------ 20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:- Filespace locations 20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------------ 20160114:14:40:47:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-pg_system -> /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1 Do you want to continue with standby master initialization? Yy|Nn (default=N): > y 20160114:14:40:53:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Syncing Greenplum Database extensions to standby 20160114:14:40:53:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-The packages on h94 are consistent. 20160114:14:40:53:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Adding standby master to catalog... 20160114:14:40:53:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Database catalog updated successfully. 20160114:14:40:54:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Updating pg_hba.conf file... 20160114:14:41:00:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-pg_hba.conf files updated successfully. 20160114:14:41:09:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Updating filespace flat files... 20160114:14:41:09:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Filespace flat file updated successfully. 20160114:14:41:10:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Starting standby master 20160114:14:41:10:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Checking if standby master is running on host: h94 in directory: /home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1 20160114:14:41:11:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Cleaning up pg_hba.conf backup files... 20160114:14:41:17:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Backup files of pg_hba.conf cleaned up successfully. 20160114:14:41:17:003933 gpinitstandby:h93:wslu-[INFO]:-Successfully created standby master on h94

（7）此时，h94的data/master目录就不为空了：

$ [wslu@h94 gpsql]$ ls data/master/ gpseg-1

10. 测试

[wslu@h93 gpsql]$ psql -p 5432 postgres psql (8.3devel) Type "help" for help.postgres=# postgres=# postgres=# \db List of tablespaces Name | Owner | Filespae Name ------------+-------+--------------- pg_default | wslu | pg_system pg_global | wslu | pg_system (2 rows)

至此，集群就初始化完成了。

集群初始化完成后，默认会启动集群。

---------------------------------------------------------华丽的分割线-------------------------------------------------------------

以下为Greenplum集群部分常用指令，以及关于配置单机多节点的一点说明。

11. 启动集群

以后，想手动启动集群，执行：

$ gpstart –a

这里说一下，每次想使用集群的任何指令，必须执行：

$ source greenplum-path.sh $ exportMASTER_DATA_DIRECTORY=/home/wslu/gp/gpsql/data/master/gpseg-1

下文不再赘述。

12. 停止集群

$ gpstop –a

13. 重启集群

$ gpstop –a –r

14. 查看集群状态

$ gpstate –m | -e

15. reload配置文件

在不停止集群情况下，若配置文件修改，reload配置文件：

$ gpstop –u

16. 维护模式下启动master

仅仅启动master来执行维护管理任务，不会影响segment中的数据。例如，在维护模式下你可以仅连接master实例的数据库并且编辑系统表设置。

1.运行gpstart使用-m选项：

$ gpstart –m

2.维护模式下连接master来维护系统表。例如：

$ PGOPTIONS='-c gp_session_role=utility'psql template1

3.完成管理任务后，使master关闭工具模式。然后，重启进入正常模式：

$ gpstop -m

17. 访问数据库

可以使用psql连接集群：

[wslu@h93 gpsql]$ psql -p 5432 postgres psql (8.3devel) Type "help" for help.postgres=#

基本上常见命令与PostgreSQL的相同。可参考PostgreSQL官方手册和Greenplum官方手册。

18. GUC参数配置

使用gpconfig设置guc参数

$ gpconfig -c gp_vmem_protect_limit -v4096MB

gpconfig可以设置master和所有segment的guc参数，也可以使用--masteronly参数只设置master的参数。设置完guc参数后需要根据guc参数类型决定重启集群或reload配置文件。

显示guc参数

$ psql –c ‘showstatement_mem;’ 或 gpconfig –show statement_mem $ psql –c ‘show all;’ 或 gpconfig –l

19. 附录：关于配置单机多节点的说明

如果要配置单机多节点，比如只想在h93配置2个主segment、2个镜像segment、1个master，只需要把hostfile_config中的h94删掉，然后在h93删除data/primary，data/mirror，data/master目录下的内容，重新初始化即可。

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