Say bye to CMake and Makefile

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用了几年的CMake，最近想试着琢磨如何将C++应用的动态链接全部改成静态链接，发现还需要研究CMake的用法，进入CMake的文档，

http://www.cmake.org/cmake/help/syntax.html

看到这句：

In many ways writing a CMakeLists file is like a writing a program in a simple language. Like most languages CMake provides flow control structures to help you along your way. CMake provides three flow control structures:

再往下看，里面是什么条件语句，循环，定义过程等，一个简单的script语言用来控制CMake生成Makefile。

过去CMake帮助了我，因为我对写Makefile很厌烦，CMake让我能够设计良好的目录结构，不要再自己实现目录树递归的Makefile脚本。

但是时至今天，对于已经熟练掌握newlisp语言的我，还有什么比用newlisp来实现脚本更强大的工具，为什么我还用CMake？我并不需要考虑跨平台编译，我只是在实践Linux服务器上的C++编程。我仅仅使用GCC作为编译器。直接用newlisp来控制GCC，可以让我直接使用GCC，更深层次的理解编译器的行为。

说做就做，本着仍然不改变原有CMake工程的精神，创建了几个newlisp脚本实现递归目录树，编译文件，最后动态或者静态链接。

现在介绍一下使用。这个CppCMS程序目录结构是：

tree -L 4
.
├── builder
│   ├── build_config.lsp
│   ├── compile.lsp
│   ├── compile.lsp~
│   ├── dlink.lsp
│   ├── dlink.lsp~
│   ├── g++.lsp
│   ├── link.lsp~
│   ├── rebuild.lsp
│   ├── slink.lsp
│   ├── slink.lsp~
│   └── tmpl.lsp
├── codes
│   ├── main
│   │   ├── build
│   │   ├── CMakeLists.txt
│   │   ├── conf.d
│   │   │   ├── ca-certs.crt
│   │   │   ├── site.crt
│   │   │   ├── ssl.key
│   │   │   ├── ssl-pwd.key
│   │   │   ├── site.conf
│   │   │   ├── default.conf_bk
│   │   │   ├── example_ssl.conf
│   │   │   ├── fastcgi.cml
│   │   │   ├── nginx_signing.key
│   │   │   ├── server.crt
│   │   │   ├── server.csr
│   │   │   ├── server.key
│   │   │   └── server.key.org
│   │   ├── config.js
│   │   ├── create_deploy.sh
│   │   ├── include
│   │   │   ├── bean
│   │   │   ├── configuration.h
│   │   │   ├── controller
│   │   │   ├── display.h
│   │   │   ├── displays.h
│   │   │   ├── exception
│   │   │   ├── group.h
│   │   │   ├── groups.h
│   │   │   ├── helper
│   │   │   ├── module
│   │   │   ├── my_application.h
│   │   │   ├── response.h
│   │   │   ├── service
│   │   │   └── web_user.h
│   │   ├── install.sh
│   │   ├── jscheck
│   │   │   ├── pom.xml
│   │   │   └── src
│   │   ├── proto
│   │   │   ├── build.sh
│   │   │   ├── input
│   │   │   └── output
│   │   ├── resources
│   │   │   ├── html
│   │   │   ├── images
│   │   │   ├── plugin
│   │   │   ├── script
│   │   │   └── style
│   │   ├── src
│   │   │   ├── bean
│   │   │   ├── CMakeLists.txt
│   │   │   ├── controller
│   │   │   ├── display.cpp
│   │   │   ├── displays.cpp
│   │   │   ├── group.cpp
│   │   │   ├── groups.cpp
│   │   │   ├── helper
│   │   │   ├── main.cpp
│   │   │   ├── module
│   │   │   ├── my_application.cpp
│   │   │   ├── service
│   │   │   ├── view
│   │   │   └── web_user.cc
│   │   ├── template
│   │   │   ├── accounts.tmpl
│   │   │   ├── default.tmpl
│   │   │   ├── deny.tmpl
│   │   │   ├── gprsConfig.tmpl
│   │   │   ├── gprsManager.tmpl
│   │   │   ├── groupManagement.tmpl
│   │   │   ├── home.tmpl
│   │   │   ├── login.tmpl
│   │   │   ├── log.tmpl
│   │   │   ├── message.tmpl
│   │   │   ├── register_client.tmpl
│   │   │   ├── updatePassword.tmpl
│   │   │   └── userTitle.tmpl
│   │   └── tool.sh
│   └── test
└── README

运行方式就是进入builder目录执行

./rebuild.lsp

首先将CppCMS的tmpl模板文件编译成C++类

然后将所有.cc和.cpp文件编译成.o文件

最后动态链接成可执行程序。

先看rebuild.lsp代码：

#!/usr/bin/newlisp ;; init
(load "/opt/build_config.lsp")
(set 'armory-folder (env "NEWLISP_ARMORY_HOME"))
(println (append "newlisp armory home folder: " armory-folder))
(load (append armory-folder "/codes/file/file.lsp"))
(file:init);; clean files genereated by CMake
(set 'cmake-build-dir "../codes/main/build")
(file:clean-folder cmake-build-dir);; clean view/*.cpp files generated from cppcms_tmpl_cc
(set 'view-dir "../codes/main/src/view")
(file:clean-folder view-dir)(set 'tmpl-dir "../codes/main/template");; generate .cc files in view folder
(load "tmpl.lsp")
(tmpl-to-cc tmpl-dir view-dir);; compile all c++ files to .o file in ./o folder
(load "g++.lsp")
(set 'include-paths
(list "../codes/main/include"
"../codes/main/src/../../loki-0.1.7/include"))
(set 'o-dir "./o")
(set 'src-paths
(list "../codes/main/src"
"../codes/main/src/bean"
"../codes/main/src/controller"
"../codes/main/src/helper"
"../codes/main/src/module"
"../codes/main/src/service"
"../codes/main/src/view"
))(compile include-paths src-paths o-dir);; link all .o files
(set 'libs
(list "pthread"
"cppcms"
"mongoclient"
"booster"
"loki"
"cryptopp"
"boost_system"
"boost_thread"
"boost_filesystem"
))
(set 'binary-name "sports_lottery")
(set 'bin-dir "bin")
(dynamic-link o-dir bin-dir binary-name libs)(exit)

该文件用到了newlisp armory模块，参考我的GitHub项目：
https://github.com/csfreebird/newlisp_armory

tmpl.lsp文件专门负责处理CppCMS tmpl文件，代码如下：

(define (get-extension name)
(first (regex "[^.]*$" name))
);; @syntax (remove-extension name)
;; @return file name without extension
;; @note remove extension name e.g a.b .b is extension, it will be removed
(define (remove-extension name)
((regex "(.*)\\.(.*)$" name) 3)
);; @syntax (tmpl-to-cc)
;; @note find all tmpl files in tmpl-folder, translate them into *.cc files
(define (tmpl-to-cc tmpl-folder cc-folder)
(set 'tmpl-files (directory tmpl-folder "\\.tmpl"))
(set 'cmd-tmpl (append "cppcms_tmpl_cc " tmpl-folder "/%s -o " cc-folder "/%s.cc"))
(dolist (tmpl-file tmpl-files)
(set 'cmd (format cmd-tmpl tmpl-file (remove-extension tmpl-file)))
(println cmd)
(exec cmd)
)
)

g++.lsp专门生成g++命令，文件内容如下：

;; @syntax (compile include-dirs src-dirs o-dir)
;; @parameter include-dir a list contains one or more relative or absolute include directories
;; @parameter src-dirs a list contains one or more relative or absolute src dirs
(define (compile include-dirs src-dirs o-dir)
(if (directory? o-dir)
(file:clean-folder o-dir)
(make-dir o-dir))
(set 'path1 "")
(dolist (path include-dirs)
(set 'path1 (append path1 "-I" path " "))) (set 'cmd-template (format "/usr/bin/c++ -g %s -Wall -o %s/" path1 o-dir)) (dolist (dir src-dirs)
(compile-dir dir cmd-template)
)
);; @syntax (compile-dir dir cmd-template)
;; @parameter dir one folder which contains many .cc or .cpp files
;; @parameter cmd-template the command template that has -g, -Wall and -I args
(define (compile-dir dir cmd-template)
(set 'file-list (directory dir "\\.cc|\\.cpp"))
(println "dir: " dir)
(dolist (cc-path file-list)
(set 'str (append cc-path ".o"))
(set 'cmd (append cmd-template str " -c " dir "/" cc-path))
(println cmd)
(exec cmd))
);; @syntax (dynamic-link o-dir bin-dir binary-name libs)
;; @parameter o-dir the direcotry includs all .o files
;; @parameter bin-dir the location of linked binary file
;; @libs the list of all dependencies
(define (dynamic-link o-dir bin-dir binary-name libs)
(if (directory? bin-dir)
(file:clean-folder bin-dir)
(make-dir bin-dir))
(set 'cmd "/usr/bin/c++ -g")
(set 'o-files (directory o-dir "\\.o"))
(dolist (o-file o-files)
(set 'cmd (append cmd " " (real-path o-dir) "/" o-file)))
(set 'cmd (append cmd " -o " bin-dir "/" binary-name " -rdynamic"))
(dolist (lib libs)
(set 'cmd (append cmd " -l" lib)))
(println cmd)
(exec cmd)
);; @syntax (static-link o-dir bin-dir binary-name libs)
;; @parameter o-dir the direcotry includs all .o files
;; @parameter bin-dir the location of linked binary file
;; @libs the list of all dependencies
(define (static-link o-dir bin-dir binary-name libs)
(if (directory? bin-dir)
(file:clean-folder bin-dir)
(make-dir bin-dir))
(set 'cmd "/usr/bin/c++ -g ")
(set 'o-files (directory o-dir "\\.o"))
(dolist (o-file o-files)
(set 'cmd (append cmd " " (real-path o-dir) "/" o-file)))
(set 'cmd (append cmd " -o " bin-dir "/" binary-name " -static-libgcc -static-libstdc++ -static -L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu"))
(dolist (lib libs)
(set 'cmd (append cmd " -l" lib))
(println cmd))
(exec cmd)
)

为了方便使用，还提供了专门用于编译的文件compile.lsp，可以直接运行。

;; compile all c++ files to .o file in ./o folder
(load "g++.lsp")
(set 'include-paths
(list "../codes/main/include"
"../codes/main/src/../../loki-0.1.7/include"))
(set 'o-dir "./o")
(set 'src-paths
(list "../codes/main/src"
"../codes/main/src/bean"
"../codes/main/src/controller"
"../codes/main/src/helper"
"../codes/main/src/module"
"../codes/main/src/service"
"../codes/main/src/view"
))(compile include-paths src-paths o-dir)(exit)

专门动态链接的文件dlink.lsp