RESTful API 和 Django REST framework

1. pip3 install djangorestframework
2. 创建app01
3. setting 中加入 INSTALLED_APPS = [ 'rest_framework'
] REST_FRAMEWORK = {
'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': [
'rest_framework.permissions.IsAdminUser',
],
'PAGE_SIZE': 10
}
4. app01/models.py class Publisher(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=32,verbose_name="名称",unique=True)
address = models.CharField(max_length=128,verbose_name="地址") def __str__(self):
return self.name class Meta:
verbose_name = "出版社"
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name 5. makemigrations migrate 6. 创建超级用户 admin注册Publisher 增加数据 7. 项目／urls.py urlpatterns = [
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^publishers/', views.publisher_list),
] 8. app01/views.py from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse
# Create your views here. from app01 import models def publisher_list(request):
queryset = models.Publisher.objects.all() ##方式一： 列表里套字典
# data = []
# for i in queryset:
# p_tmp = {
# "name":i.name,
# "address":i.address
# }
# data.append(p_tmp) ##方式二:
#缺点 图片的字段无法转换为字典
data = []
from django.forms.models import model_to_dict # model 对象 转换成 字典 方式
for i in queryset:
data.append(model_to_dict(i)) #方式三：djangorestframework 自提供
#需要在app01下创建serializers.py文件 from app01 import serializers serializer = serializers.PublisherSerializer(queryset,many=True) import json
return HttpResponse(json.dumps(data),content_type="application/json") 9. app01/serializers.py from rest_framework import serializers
from app01 import models class PublisherSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = models.Publisher
fields = (
"id",
"name",
"address"
) 9. 浏览器访问序列化

#urls.py urlpatterns = [
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^publishers/$', views.publisher_list),
url(r'^publishers/(?P<pk>[0-9]+)$', views.publisher_detail),
]#views.py from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse
from rest_framework.decorators import api_view
from app01 import models
from app01 import serializers
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import status @api_view(['GET', 'POST'])
def publisher_list(request,format=None): if request.method == 'GET':
queryset = models.Publisher.objects.all()
s = serializers.PublisherSerializer(queryset,many=True)
return Response(s.data)
if request.method == "POST":
#创建出版社
s = serializers.PublisherSerializer(data=request.data)
if s.is_valid():
s.save()
return Response(s.data,status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
else:
return Response(s.errors,status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST) @api_view(['GET', 'PUT',"DELETE"])
def publisher_detail(request,pk,format=None):
try:
publisher = models.Publisher.objects.get(pk=pk)
except models.Publisher.DoesNotExist:
return Response(status=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND) if request.method == 'GET':
s = serializers.PublisherSerializer(publisher)
return Response(s.data) elif request.method == 'PUT':
s = serializers.PublisherSerializer(publisher, data=request.data)
if s.is_valid():
s.save()
return Response(s.data)
return Response(s.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST) elif request.method == 'DELETE':
publisher.delete()
return Response(status=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)#创建超级用户
pip3 install httpie
http -a admin:admin111.. http://127.0.0.1:8000/publishers/
http -a admin:admin111.. http://127.0.0.1:8000/publishers/1
http -a admin:admin111.. http://127.0.0.1:8000/publishers/2

#urls.py
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^publishers/$', views.PublisherList.as_view()),
url(r'^publishers/(?P<pk>[0-9]+)$', views.PublisherDetail.as_view()),
]#views.py # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from django.http import Http404
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import status
from app01 import models
from app01 import serializers from rest_framework import mixins
from rest_framework import generics # Create your views here. # class PublisherList(APIView):
# """
# 列出所有的出版社，或者创建一个新的出版社
# """
#
# def get(self, request, format=None):
# queryset = models.Publisher.objects.all() # 查询出所有的出版社
#
# s = serializers.PublisherSerializer(queryset, many=True)
# return Response(s.data)
#
# def post(self, request, format=None):
# s = serializers.PublisherSerializer(data=request.data)
# if s.is_valid(): # 如果数据没问题
# s.save()
# return Response(s.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
# return Response(s.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST) # class PublisherList(mixins.ListModelMixin,
# mixins.CreateModelMixin,
# generics.GenericAPIView):
#
# queryset = models.Publisher.objects.all()
# serializer_class = serializers.PublisherSerializer
#
# def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
# return self.list(request, *args, **kwargs)
#
# def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
# return self.create(request, *args, **kwargs) class PublisherList(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
queryset = models.Publisher.objects.all()
serializer_class = serializers.PublisherSerializer #
# class PublisherDetail(APIView):
# """
# 具体的出版社，查看，修改，删除视图
# """
# def get_object(self, pk):
# try:
# return models.Publisher.objects.get(pk=pk)
# except models.Publisher.DoesNotExist:
# raise Http404
#
# # 查看具体的出版社信息
# def get(self, request, pk, format=None):
# publisher = self.get_object(pk)
# s = serializers.PublisherSerializer(publisher)
# return Response(s.data)
#
# # 修改出版社信息
# def put(self, request, pk, format=None):
# publisher = self.get_object(pk)
# s = serializers.PublisherSerializer(publisher, data=request.data)
# if s.is_valid():
# s.save()
# return Response(s.data)
# return Response(s.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
#
# # 删除出版社信息
# def delete(self, request, pk, format=None):
# publisher = self.get_object(pk)
# publisher.delete()
# return Response(status=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT) # class PublisherDetail(mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,
# mixins.UpdateModelMixin,
# mixins.DestroyModelMixin,
# generics.GenericAPIView):
#
# queryset = models.Publisher.objects.all()
# serializer_class = serializers.PublisherSerializer
#
# def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
# return self.retrieve(request, *args, **kwargs)
#
# def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
# return self.update(request, *args, **kwargs)
#
# def delete(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
# return self.destroy(request, *args, **kwargs) class PublisherDetail(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
queryset = models.Publisher.objects.all()
serializer_class = serializers.PublisherSerializer