python_day7【模块configparser、XML、requests、shutil、系统命令-面向对象】之篇

# 节点
[section1]
#键值对k1 = v1 k2:v2
k1 = v1
#建：k1 k2
k2:v2[section2]
k1 = v1
k3:v3
[section3]
k3 = v3
k4:v4
[section4]
k4 = v4
k5:v5

import configparser
#configparser将里面的元素都当做一个字符串进行处理
# 获取节点路径
#创建
config = configparser.ConfigParser()
#将jiedian文件路径加载至config
config.read('jiedian', encoding='utf-8')
#获取所有【section】节点，此时注意获取所有的节点是复数形式
ret = config.sections()
print(ret)
#['section1', 'section2']

import configparser
# 获取指定节点下所有的键值对
config = configparser.ConfigParser()
config.read('jiedian',encoding='utf-8')
ret = config.items('section1')
print(ret)#[('k1', 'v1'), ('k2', 'V2')]

import configparser
#获取节点下所有的建
config =configparser.ConfigParser()
config.read('lcj.txt',encoding= 'utf-8')#读取lcj.txt文件，并按照utd-8读取文件
ret1 = config.options('section1')
ret2= config.options('section2')
print(ret1)
print(ret2)
##['k1', 'k2']
# ['k1', 'k3']

import configparser
#获取节点下指定Key的值
config =configparser.ConfigParser()
config.read('lcj.txt',encoding= 'utf-8') ##读取lcj.txt文件，并按照utd-8读取文件
ret1 = config.get('section1','k1') ##get:获取节点中的key值
print(ret1) #v1
ret2 = config.getint('section2','k1')
print(ret2) #231 #文件k1 = 231
ret3 = config.getfloat('section3','k3') #获取文件中的浮点数
print(ret3) #0.123 #文件：k3 = 0.123
ret4 = config.getboolean('section4','k4') #获取文件中的bool数据
print(ret4) #True #文件k4 = True

import configparser
config =configparser.ConfigParser()
config.read('lcj.txt',encoding= 'utf-8') ##读取lcj.txt文件，并按照utd-8读取文件
#检查节点
# ww = config.has_section('section1')
# print(ww) #如文件中存在，则返回一个bool类型：True,否则返回一个：False
#添加节点
config.add_section('xiaoluo01')
# config.add_section('beijing')
config.write(open('lcj.txt','w'))
# [beijing]
# [xiaoluo01]
#删除节点
config.remove_section('xiaoluo01')
config.write(open('lcj.txt','w'))

import configparser
config =configparser.ConfigParser()
config.read('lcj.txt',encoding= 'utf-8') ##读取lcj.txt文件，并按照utd-8读取文件
#检查建值对
has_opt = config.has_section('section1','k1')
print(has_opt)
#设置section2中建值对
config.set('section2','k01','12') #将section2中建值对修改为：k01 = 12
config.write(open('lcj.txt','w'))
#k01 = 12 #源文件：k1 = v1
#删除建值对
config.remove_option('section2','k1')
config.write(open('lcj.txt','w'))
#[section2]

<data>
<country name="Liechtenstein">
<rank updated="yes">2</rank>
<year>2023</year>
<gdppc>141100</gdppc>
<neighbor direction="E" name="Austria" />
<neighbor direction="W" name="Switzerland" />
</country>
<country name="Singapore">
<rank updated="yes">5</rank>
<year>2026</year>
<gdppc>59900</gdppc>
<neighbor direction="N" name="Malaysia" />
</country>
<country name="Panama">
<rank updated="yes">69</rank>
<year>2026</year>
<gdppc>13600</gdppc>
<neighbor direction="W" name="Costa Rica" />
<neighbor direction="E" name="Colombia" />
</country>
</data>

#导入模块
from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET
# #打开文件，并读取xmL内容
str_xml = open('lcj.xml','r').read()
# print(str_xml)
#将字符串解析成特殊对象，root代指xml文件根节点
root = ET.XML(str_xml)

from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET
#直接解析xml文件，将文件写入内存
tree = ET.parse('lcj.xml')#内部用open打开lcj.xml文件，并把打开的xml文件赋值给一个tree对象，可通过tree对象直接对xml进行取值
#获取xml文件的根节点
root = tree.getroot() #getroot：获取xml文件中的根节点
print(root)
print(root.tag) #tag:获取根节点的名字 data
#获取根节点对象： <Element 'data' at 0x00000000006D0A98> 类型：Element，根节点：data

from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET
#直接解析xml文件
tree = ET.parse('lcj.xml')#内部用open打开lcj.xml文件，并把打开的xml文件赋值给一个tree对象，可通过tree对象直接对xml进行取值
#获取xml文件的根节点
root = tree.getroot() #getroot：获取xml文件中的根节点
# print(root)
print(root.tag) #tag:获取根节点的名字 data
#获取根节点对象： <Element 'data' at 0x00000000006D0A98> 类型：Element，根节点：data

from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET
#直接解析xml文件
tree = ET.parse('lcj.xml')#内部用open打开lcj.xml文件，并把打开的xml文件赋值给一个tree对象，可通过tree对象直接对xml进行取值
#获取xml文件的根节点
root = tree.getroot() #getroot：获取xml文件中的根节点
print(root.attrib)
#{} 返回一个字典属性

class Element:
"""An XML element. This class is the reference implementation of the Element interface. An element's length is its number of subelements. That means if you
want to check if an element is truly empty, you should check BOTH
its length AND its text attribute. The element tag, attribute names, and attribute values can be either
bytes or strings. *tag* is the element name. *attrib* is an optional dictionary containing
element attributes. *extra* are additional element attributes given as
keyword arguments. Example form:
<tag attrib>text<child/>...</tag>tail """ 当前节点的标签名
tag = None
"""The element's name.""" 当前节点的属性 attrib = None
"""Dictionary of the element's attributes.""" 当前节点的内容
text = None
"""
Text before first subelement. This is either a string or the value None.
Note that if there is no text, this attribute may be either
None or the empty string, depending on the parser. """ tail = None
"""
Text after this element's end tag, but before the next sibling element's
start tag. This is either a string or the value None. Note that if there
was no text, this attribute may be either None or an empty string,
depending on the parser. """ def __init__(self, tag, attrib={}, **extra):
if not isinstance(attrib, dict):
raise TypeError("attrib must be dict, not %s" % (
attrib.__class__.__name__,))
attrib = attrib.copy()
attrib.update(extra)
self.tag = tag
self.attrib = attrib
self._children = [] def __repr__(self):
return "<%s %r at %#x>" % (self.__class__.__name__, self.tag, id(self)) def makeelement(self, tag, attrib):
创建一个新节点
"""Create a new element with the same type. *tag* is a string containing the element name.
*attrib* is a dictionary containing the element attributes. Do not call this method, use the SubElement factory function instead. """
return self.__class__(tag, attrib) def copy(self):
"""Return copy of current element. This creates a shallow copy. Subelements will be shared with the
original tree. """
elem = self.makeelement(self.tag, self.attrib)
elem.text = self.text
elem.tail = self.tail
elem[:] = self
return elem def __len__(self):
return len(self._children) def __bool__(self):
warnings.warn(
"The behavior of this method will change in future versions. "
"Use specific 'len(elem)' or 'elem is not None' test instead.",
FutureWarning, stacklevel=2
)
return len(self._children) != 0 # emulate old behaviour, for now def __getitem__(self, index):
return self._children[index] def __setitem__(self, index, element):
# if isinstance(index, slice):
# for elt in element:
# assert iselement(elt)
# else:
# assert iselement(element)
self._children[index] = element def __delitem__(self, index):
del self._children[index] def append(self, subelement):
为当前节点追加一个子节点
"""Add *subelement* to the end of this element. The new element will appear in document order after the last existing
subelement (or directly after the text, if it's the first subelement),
but before the end tag for this element. """
self._assert_is_element(subelement)
self._children.append(subelement) def extend(self, elements):
为当前节点扩展 n 个子节点
"""Append subelements from a sequence. *elements* is a sequence with zero or more elements. """
for element in elements:
self._assert_is_element(element)
self._children.extend(elements) def insert(self, index, subelement):
在当前节点的子节点中插入某个节点，即：为当前节点创建子节点，然后插入指定位置
"""Insert *subelement* at position *index*."""
self._assert_is_element(subelement)
self._children.insert(index, subelement) def _assert_is_element(self, e):
# Need to refer to the actual Python implementation, not the
# shadowing C implementation.
if not isinstance(e, _Element_Py):
raise TypeError('expected an Element, not %s' % type(e).__name__) def remove(self, subelement):
在当前节点在子节点中删除某个节点
"""Remove matching subelement. Unlike the find methods, this method compares elements based on
identity, NOT ON tag value or contents. To remove subelements by
other means, the easiest way is to use a list comprehension to
select what elements to keep, and then use slice assignment to update
the parent element. ValueError is raised if a matching element could not be found. """
# assert iselement(element)
self._children.remove(subelement) def getchildren(self):
获取所有的子节点（废弃）
"""(Deprecated) Return all subelements. Elements are returned in document order. """
warnings.warn(
"This method will be removed in future versions. "
"Use 'list(elem)' or iteration over elem instead.",
DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2
)
return self._children def find(self, path, namespaces=None):
获取第一个寻找到的子节点
"""Find first matching element by tag name or path. *path* is a string having either an element tag or an XPath,
*namespaces* is an optional mapping from namespace prefix to full name. Return the first matching element, or None if no element was found. """
return ElementPath.find(self, path, namespaces) def findtext(self, path, default=None, namespaces=None):
获取第一个寻找到的子节点的内容
"""Find text for first matching element by tag name or path. *path* is a string having either an element tag or an XPath,
*default* is the value to return if the element was not found,
*namespaces* is an optional mapping from namespace prefix to full name. Return text content of first matching element, or default value if
none was found. Note that if an element is found having no text
content, the empty string is returned. """
return ElementPath.findtext(self, path, default, namespaces) def findall(self, path, namespaces=None):
获取所有的子节点
"""Find all matching subelements by tag name or path. *path* is a string having either an element tag or an XPath,
*namespaces* is an optional mapping from namespace prefix to full name. Returns list containing all matching elements in document order. """
return ElementPath.findall(self, path, namespaces) def iterfind(self, path, namespaces=None):
获取所有指定的节点，并创建一个迭代器（可以被for循环）
"""Find all matching subelements by tag name or path. *path* is a string having either an element tag or an XPath,
*namespaces* is an optional mapping from namespace prefix to full name. Return an iterable yielding all matching elements in document order. """
return ElementPath.iterfind(self, path, namespaces) def clear(self):
清空节点
"""Reset element. This function removes all subelements, clears all attributes, and sets
the text and tail attributes to None. """
self.attrib.clear()
self._children = []
self.text = self.tail = None def get(self, key, default=None):
获取当前节点的属性值
"""Get element attribute. Equivalent to attrib.get, but some implementations may handle this a
bit more efficiently. *key* is what attribute to look for, and
*default* is what to return if the attribute was not found. Returns a string containing the attribute value, or the default if
attribute was not found. """
return self.attrib.get(key, default) def set(self, key, value):
为当前节点设置属性值
"""Set element attribute. Equivalent to attrib[key] = value, but some implementations may handle
this a bit more efficiently. *key* is what attribute to set, and
*value* is the attribute value to set it to. """
self.attrib[key] = value def keys(self):
获取当前节点的所有属性的 key """Get list of attribute names. Names are returned in an arbitrary order, just like an ordinary
Python dict. Equivalent to attrib.keys() """
return self.attrib.keys() def items(self):
获取当前节点的所有属性值，每个属性都是一个键值对
"""Get element attributes as a sequence. The attributes are returned in arbitrary order. Equivalent to
attrib.items(). Return a list of (name, value) tuples. """
return self.attrib.items() def iter(self, tag=None):
在当前节点的子孙中根据节点名称寻找所有指定的节点，并返回一个迭代器（可以被for循环）。
"""Create tree iterator. The iterator loops over the element and all subelements in document
order, returning all elements with a matching tag. If the tree structure is modified during iteration, new or removed
elements may or may not be included. To get a stable set, use the
list() function on the iterator, and loop over the resulting list. *tag* is what tags to look for (default is to return all elements) Return an iterator containing all the matching elements. """
if tag == "*":
tag = None
if tag is None or self.tag == tag:
yield self
for e in self._children:
yield from e.iter(tag) # compatibility
def getiterator(self, tag=None):
# Change for a DeprecationWarning in 1.4
warnings.warn(
"This method will be removed in future versions. "
"Use 'elem.iter()' or 'list(elem.iter())' instead.",
PendingDeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2
)
return list(self.iter(tag)) def itertext(self):
在当前节点的子孙中根据节点名称寻找所有指定的节点的内容，并返回一个迭代器（可以被for循环）。
"""Create text iterator. The iterator loops over the element and all subelements in document
order, returning all inner text. """
tag = self.tag
if not isinstance(tag, str) and tag is not None:
return
if self.text:
yield self.text
for e in self:
yield from e.itertext()
if e.tail:
yield e.tail
复制代码

#遍历xml文档中的所有内容
from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET
"""
解析方式-
"""
#打开文件，读取XML内容
# str_xml = open('lcj.xml','r').read()
# #将字符串解析XML特殊对象，root代指XML根节点
# root = ET.XML(str_xml)
# print(root) #<Element 'data' at 0x0000000000DFCF48>
"""
解析方式二
"""
#直接解析xml文件
tree = ET.parse('lcj.xml')
#获取xml文件的根节点
tree = tree.getroot()
print(tree) #<Element 'data' at 0x0000000000D70A98>
#遍历XML文档的第二层
for ww in tree:
#第二层节点的标签名称tag和标签属性:attrib
print(ww.tag,ww.attrib)
# country {'tel': '13520617350', 'name': 'CTO', 'age': '18'}
# country {'tel': '13520617350', 'name': 'CEO'}
# country{'tel': '13520617350', 'name': 'COO'}
#遍历XML文档的第三层
for i in ww:
#遍历第二层节点的标签名和内容
print(i.tag,i.text)
# rank 69
# year 2026
# gdppc 13600
# neighbor None
# neighbor None

from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET #导入模块
#打开文件，读取XML内容
str_xml = open('lcj.xml','r').read()
#将字符串解析XML特殊对象，root代指XML根节点
root = ET.XML(str_xml)
#顶层标签
print(root.tag) #data
#遍历XML文档中所有的year节点
for h in root.iter('year'):
#节点的标签和内容
print(h.tag,h.text)
# year 2023
# year 2026
# year 2026

from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET #导入模块
print("解析方式二")
#直接解析xml文件
tree = ET.parse('lcj.xml')
#获取xml文件中的根节点
root = tree.getroot()
print(root) #<Element 'data' at 0x0000000000D70A98>
#顶层标签
print(root.tag) #data
#遍历XML文档中所有的year节点
for h in root.iter('year'):
#节点的标签和内容
print(h.tag,h.text)
# year 2023
# year 2026
# year 2026

from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET
print("解析方式一")
#打开文件，读取XML内容
str_xml = open('lcj.xml','r').read()
#将字符串解析XML特殊对象，root代指XML根节点
root = ET.XML(str_xml)
#顶层标签
print(root.tag) #data
#设置属性
for node in root.iter('year'): #iter循环迭代
new_year = int(node.text) +1 #将内存中存在year自增加一
node.text = str(new_year) #写入xml内存中
#设置属性
node.set('name','lcj') #修改内存中姓名和年龄
node.set('age','19')
#删除属性
# del node.attrib['age']
#root=内存中的根节点，将root放到ElementTree里面，ElementTree赋值给tree
tree = ET.ElementTree(root)
#将year自增一从内存中保存至一个新文件中cj02.xml，并按照utf-8编码格式写入
tree.write('lcj06.xml',encoding='utf-8')
ww = open("lcj06.xml",'r').read() #将新生成的lcj04.xml文件在控制到输出
print(ww)

from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET
print("解析方式二")
#直接解析xml文件
tree = ET.parse('lcj.xml')
#获取xml文件中的根节点
root = tree.getroot()
#顶层标签
print(root.tag) #data
#循环XML文档中所有的year节点
for node in root.iter('year'):
#将year节点中的内容自增一
new_year = int(node.text)+1
node.text = str(new_year)
print(node.text)
# 2024 2027 2027 文件中year：一次增加一
tree = ET.ElementTree(root)
#将year自增一从内存中保存至一个新文件中cj02.xml，并按照utf-8编码格式写入
tree.write('lcj02.xml',encoding='utf-8')
#将lcj02.xml文件输出值控制台
ww = open('lcj02.xml','r').read()
print(ww)

from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET
print("解析方式二")
#直接解析xml文件
tree = ET.parse('lcj.xml')
#获取xml文件中的根节点
root = tree.getroot()
#顶层标签
print(root.tag) #data
#设置属性
for node in root.iter('year'): #iter循环迭代
new_year = int(node.text) +1 #将内存中存在year自增加一
node.text = str(new_year) #写入xml内存中
#设置属性
node.set('name','lcj') #修改内存中姓名和年龄
node.set('age','19')
#删除属性
del node.attrib['age']
#将year自增一从内存中保存至一个新文件中cj02.xml，并按照utf-8编码格式写入
tree.write('lcj05.xml',encoding='utf-8')
ww = open("lcj05.xml",'r').read() #将新生成的lcj04.xml文件在控制到输出
print(ww)

from xml.etree import ElementTree as ETprint('解析字符串方式打开')#打开文件，读取XML内容
str_xml = open('lcj.xml','r').read()
#将字符串解析成xml特殊对象，root代指XML文件的根节点
root = ET.XML(str_xml)
#操作
#顶层标签
print(root.tag) #data
#遍历data下的所有country节点
for country in root.findall('country'):
#获取每一个country节点下的rank节点的内容
rank = int(country.find('rank').text) if rank > 50:
#删除指定country节点，rank大于50的
root.remove(country)
#保存文件
tree = ET.ElementTree(root)
tree.write('lcj07.xml',encoding='utf-8')
ww = open('lcj07.xml','r').read()
print(ww)

from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET
#直接解析xml文件
tree = ET.parse('lcj.xml')
#获取xml文件根节点
root = tree.getroot()
#操作
#顶层标签
print(root.tag) #data
#遍历data下的所有country节点
for country in root.findall('country'):
#获取每一个country节点下的rank节点的内容
rank = int(country.find('rank').text) if rank > 50:
#删除指定country节点，rank大于50的
root.remove(country)
#保存文件
# tree = ET.ElementTree(root) #此处：在以字符串方式打开文件的需转换
tree.write('lcj08.xml',encoding='utf-8')
ww = open('lcj08.xml','r').read()
print(ww)

from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET
#创建根节点
root = ET.Element("home") #Element类，创建一个对象Element("home"),home:节点名#在根节点下添加第一层节点为大son1
son1 = ET.Element("son",{"name":'儿one'}) #创建节点对象Element()
#创建第二层节点小son2
son2 = ET.Element("son",{"name":'儿two'})
#在第一层大儿子中创建两个孙子
grandson1 = ET.Element('grandson',{"name":'lcj11'})
grandson2 = ET.Element('grandson',{"name":'lcj12'})
grandson3 = ET.Element('grandson',{"name":'lcj13'})
#获取顶层标签
print(root.tag)
#将孙子添加至son1中
son1.append(grandson1)
son1.append(grandson2)
son1.append(grandson3)
#把大儿子添加至根节点中root
root.append(son1)
#将节点写入文件
tree = ET.ElementTree(root)
tree.write('ooo.xml',encoding='utf-8', short_empty_elements=False)
ww = open('ooo.xml','r').read()
print(ww)

from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET
#创建根节点
root = ET.Element("home") #Element类，创建一个对象Element("home"),home:节点名#在根节点下添加第一层节点为大son1
# son1 = ET.Element("son",{"name":'儿one'}) #创建节点对象Element() 方式一
son1 = root.makeelement('son',{'name':'儿1'}) #方式二
#创建第二层节点小son2
# son2 = ET.Element("son",{"name":'儿two'}) 方式一
son2 = root.makeelement('son',{'name':'儿2'}) #方式二
#在第一层大儿子中创建两个孙子
# grandson1 = ET.Element('grandson',{"name":'lcj11'}) 方式一
grandson1 = son1.makeelement('grandson',{'name':'儿11'}) #方式二
# grandson2 = ET.Element('grandson',{"name":'lcj12'}) 方式一
grandson2 = son1.makeelement('grandson',{"name":'lcj12'}) #方式二
# grandson3 = ET.Element('grandson',{"name":'lcj13'}) 方式一
grandson3 = son1.makeelement('grandson',{"name":'lcj13'}) #方式三
#获取顶层标签
print(root.tag)
#将孙子添加至son1中
son1.append(grandson1)
son1.append(grandson2)
son1.append(grandson3)
#把大儿子添加至根节点中root
root.append(son1)
#将节点写入文件
tree = ET.ElementTree(root)
tree.write('oooo.xml',encoding='utf-8', short_empty_elements=False)

from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET
#创建根节点
root = ET.Element("home") #Element类，创建一个对象Element("home"),home:节点名#在根节点下添加第一层节点为大son1
#SubElement：创建Element对象，内部在进行append将数据写入内存
son1 = ET.SubElement(root,"son",attrib={"name":'儿one'}) #创建节点对象Element()
#创建第二层节点小son2
son2 = ET.SubElement(root,"son",{"name":'儿two'})
#在第一层大儿子中创建两个孙子
grandson1 = ET.SubElement(son1,"age",attrib={"name":'lcj11'})
grandson2 = ET.SubElement(son1,"age",attrib={"name":'lcj12'})
#获取顶层标签
print(root.tag)
#将孙子添加至son1中
son1.append(grandson1)
son1.append(grandson2)
#把大儿子添加至根节点中root
root.append(son1)
#将节点写入文件
tree = ET.ElementTree(root)
#xml_declaration=True 添加XML版本注释
tree.write('ool.xml',encoding='utf-8', xml_declaration=True,short_empty_elements=False)
ww = open('ool.xml','r').read()
print(ww)

from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET
from xml.dom import minidomdef prettify(elem):
"""将节点转换成字符串，并添加缩进。
"""
rough_string = ET.tostring(elem, 'utf-8') #tostring将节点转换至字符存类型，并按utf-8编码转换
reparsed = minidom.parseString(rough_string) #通过对象格式化
return reparsed.toprettyxml(indent="\t") #添加缩进# 创建根节点
root = ET.Element("famliy")# 创建大儿子
# son1 = ET.Element('son', {'name': '儿1'})
son1 = root.makeelement('son', {'name': '儿1'})
# 创建小儿子
# son2 = ET.Element('son', {"name": '儿2'})
son2 = root.makeelement('son', {"name": '儿2'})# 在大儿子中创建两个孙子
# grandson1 = ET.Element('grandson', {'name': '儿11'})
grandson1 = son1.makeelement('grandson', {'name': '儿11'})
# grandson2 = ET.Element('grandson', {'name': '儿12'})
grandson2 = son1.makeelement('grandson', {'name': '儿12'})son1.append(grandson1)
son1.append(grandson2)# 把儿子添加到根节点中
root.append(son1)
root.append(son1)#执行prettify方法，将根节点传进prettify方法，并赋值给一个字符串
raw_str = prettify(root)
f = open("test.xml",'w',encoding='utf-8')
f.write(raw_str)
f.close()
www = open("test.xml",'r',encoding="utf-8").read()
print(www)

from xml.etree import ElementTree as ETET.register_namespace('com',"http://www.company.com") #some name# build a tree structure
root = ET.Element("{http://www.company.com}STUFF")
body = ET.SubElement(root, "{http://www.company.com}MORE_STUFF", attrib={"{http://www.company.com}hhh": "123"})
body.text = "STUFF EVERYWHERE!"# wrap it in an ElementTree instance, and save as XML
tree = ET.ElementTree(root)tree.write("page.xml",
xml_declaration=True,
encoding='utf-8',
method="xml")

import urllib.request
f = urllib.request.urlopen('http://www.webxml.com.cn//webservices/qqOnlineWebService.asmx/qqCheckOnline?qqCode=424662508')
result = f.read().decode('utf-8')
print(result)
# <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
# <string xmlns="http://WebXml.com.cn/">Y</string>

#post请求
import urllib.request #导入模块
req = urllib.request.Request('http://www.example.com/') #
req.add_header('Referer', 'http://www.python.org/')
r = urllib.request.urlopen(req)
result = r.read().decode('utf-8')
print(result)
# <body>
# <div>
# <h1>Example Domain</h1>
# <p>This domain is established to be used for illustrative examples in documents. You may use this
# domain in examples without prior coordination or asking for permission.</p>
# <p><a href="http://www.iana.org/domains/example">More information...</a></p>
# </div>
# </body>
# </html>

import requests #导入requests模块
ret = requests.get('https://github.com/timeline.json') #获取get请求地址
print(ret.url) #打印请求url
print(ret.text) #打印usr返回的内容
# https://github.com/timeline.json
# {"message":"Hello there, wayfaring stranger. If you’re reading this then you probably didn’t see our blog post a couple of years back announcing that this API would go away: http://git.io/17AROg Fear not, you should be able to get what you need from the shiny new Events API instead.","documentation_url":"https://developer.github.com/v3/activity/events/#list-public-events"}

import requests #导入模块
payload = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'} #动态参数
ret = requests.get("http://httpbin.org/get", params=payload)
print(ret.url) #返回请求URL
print(ret.text) #打印返回的请求内容

import requestspayload = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'}
ret = requests.post("http://httpbin.org/post", data=payload)
print(ret.text)

import requests
import json
#发送请求头，请求体
url = 'https://api.github.com/some/endpoint'
payload = {'some': 'data'} #请求体
headers = {'content-type': 'application/json'} #请求头
ret = requests.post(url, data=json.dumps(payload), headers=headers)
print(ret.text)
print(ret.cookies)
# {"message":"Not Found","documentation_url":"https://developer.github.com/v3"}
# <RequestsCookieJar[]>

requests.get(url, params=None, **kwargs)
requests.post(url, data=None, json=None, **kwargs)
requests.put(url, data=None, **kwargs)
requests.head(url, **kwargs)
requests.delete(url, **kwargs)
requests.patch(url, data=None, **kwargs)
requests.options(url, **kwargs)# 以上方法均是在此方法的基础上构建
requests.request(method, url, **kwargs

import urllib
import requests
from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET# 使用内置模块urllib发送HTTP请求，或者XML格式内容
"""
f = urllib.request.urlopen('http://www.webxml.com.cn//webservices/qqOnlineWebService.asmx/qqCheckOnline?qqCode=424662508')
result = f.read().decode('utf-8')
"""
# 使用第三方模块requests发送HTTP请求，或者XML格式内容
r = requests.get('http://www.webxml.com.cn//webservices/qqOnlineWebService.asmx/qqCheckOnline?qqCode=424662508')
result = r.text# 解析XML格式内容
node = ET.XML(result)# 获取内容
if node.text == "Y":
print("在线")
else:
print("离线")

import urllib
import requests
from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET# 使用内置模块urllib发送HTTP请求，或者XML格式内容
"""
f = urllib.request.urlopen('http://www.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/TrainTimeWebService.asmx/getDetailInfoByTrainCode?TrainCode=G666&UserID=')
result = f.read().decode('utf-8')
"""# 使用第三方模块requests发送HTTP请求，或者XML格式内容
r = requests.get('http://www.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/TrainTimeWebService.asmx/getDetailInfoByTrainCode?TrainCode=G666&UserID=')
result = r.text# 解析XML格式内容
root = ET.XML(result)
for node in root.iter('TrainDetailInfo'):
print(node.find('TrainStation').text,node.find('StartTime').text,node.tag,node.attrib)

import shutil
#将ool.xml文件中的内容，复制到新文件kaobei.xml中
shutil.copyfileobj(open('ool.xml','r'),open('kaobei.xml','w'))
f =open("kaobei.xml",'r').read()
print(f)

import shutil
#将ool.xml文件copy至新文件oox.xml中
shutil.copyfile('ool.xml','oox.xml')
f = open("oox.xml",'r').read()
print(f)

shutil.copymode('f1.log', 'f2.log')

shutil.copystat('f1.log', 'f2.log')

import shutil
shutil.copy('f1.log', 'f2.log')

import shutil
shutil.copy2('f1.log', 'f2.log')

import shutil
shutil.copytree('folder1', 'folder2', ignore=shutil.ignore_patterns('*.pyc', 'tmp*')) #忽略.pyc结尾和tmp*开头的文件

import shutilshutil.copytree('f1', 'f2', symlinks=True, ignore=shutil.ignore_patterns('*.pyc', 'tmp*'))

import shutil
shutil.rmtree('folder1')

import shutil
shutil.move('folder1', 'folder3')

import shutil
#将当前目录下的kaobei01文件，打包至D:\S13_code\day7_zuoye目录
ret = shutil.make_archive("kaobei01",'gztar',root_dir='D:\S13_code\day7_zuoye')

import zipfile
#压缩文件
z = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip','w') #创建一个空的压缩文件名test.zip
#将如下文件压缩至test.zip文件中
z.write('oox.xml')
z.write('ool.xml')
z.close()

import zipfile
#a模式：将文件lcj07.xml，lcj06.xml追加至压缩文件test.zip
z = zipfile.ZipFile("test.zip",'a')
z.write("lcj07.xml")
z.write("lcj06.xml")
z.close()

#解压缩
z = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'r')
z.extractall() #解压所有文件
z.close()

import zipfile
z=zipfile.ZipFile("test.zip",'r')
#通过for循环，对test.zip压缩文件中的存在文件进行遍历输出
for item in z.namelist():
print(item,type(item))
z.close()
# ooo.xml <class 'str'>
# ool.xml <class 'str'>
# lcj07.xml <class 'str'>
# lcj06.xml <class 'str'>

import zipfile
z=zipfile.ZipFile("test.zip",'r')
#通过for循环，对test.zip压缩文件中的存在文件进行遍历输出
# for item in z.namelist():
# print(item,type(item))
z.extract('ooo.xml') #extract：解压压缩文件夹test.zip中，单个ooo.xml至当前目录
z.close()

import tarfile
#压缩文件
tar = tarfile.open('xiaoluo.tar','w')
#ool.xml：此处可添加压缩文件存在的绝对地址，如：/Users/wupeiqi/PycharmProjects/bbs2.log
tar.add('ool.xml',arcname='www.log') #将原件名改成www.log并存在xiaoluo.tar
tar.add('oox.xml',arcname='fff.log')
tar.close()

import tarfile
tar = tarfile.open('xiaoluo.tar','r')
tar.extractall() # 可设置解压地址
tar.close()

import tarfile
tar= tarfile.open("lcj.tar",'r')
for item in tar.getmembers(): #getmembers：获取当前tar包中所有成员
print(item,type(item))
#获取所有对象
# <TarInfo 'lcj01.xml' at 0xb8bd90> <class 'tarfile.TarInfo'>
# <TarInfo 'test01.xml' at 0xb8be58> <class 'tarfile.TarInfo'>
#getmember：通过字符串获取对象表达式
obj = tar.getmember("lcj01.xml") #将字符串赋值给一个变量
print(obj,type(obj))
# <TarInfo 'lcj01.xml' at 0xd9a9a8> <class 'tarfile.TarInfo'>
# <TarInfo 'test01.xml' at 0xd9ab38> <class 'tarfile.TarInfo'>
# <TarInfo 'lcj01.xml' at 0xd9a9a8> <class 'tarfile.TarInfo'>
tar.extract(obj) #解压文件 通过变量找到tar包中匹配的对象，并解压
tar.close()

import commandsresult = commands.getoutput('cmd')
result = commands.getstatus('cmd')
result = commands.getstatusoutput('cmd')

import subprocess
ret = subprocess.call(["ls", "-l"], shell=False) #需在linux环境下进行，
ret = subprocess.call("ls -l", shell=True)

import subprocess
subprocess.check_call(["ls", "-l"])
subprocess.check_call("exit 1", shell=True)

import subprocess
subprocess.check_output(["echo", "Hello World!"])
subprocess.check_output("exit 1", shell=True)

import subprocess
ret1 = subprocess.Popen(["mkdir","t1"])
ret2 = subprocess.Popen("mkdir t2", shell=True)

import subprocess
obj = subprocess.Popen("mkdir t3", shell=True, cwd='/home/dev',) #设置一个路径

import subprocess
obj = subprocess.Popen(["python"], #中端输出python，进入python解析器，并获取obj对象
stdin=subprocess.PIPE, #写东西的管道
stdout=subprocess.PIPE, #获取结果的管道
stderr=subprocess.PIPE, #获取错误的管道
universal_newlines=True)obj.stdin.write("print(1)\n") #管道中写入数据
obj.stdin.write("print(2)")
obj.stdin.close()cmd_out = obj.stdout.read() #在输出管道读取内容
obj.stdout.close()
#
cmd_error = obj.stderr.read() #如出错，在错误管道中读取内容
obj.stderr.close()print(cmd_out) #输出已拿到的数据
print(cmd_error) #输出错误内容数据# 1
# 2

import subprocess
obj = subprocess.Popen(["python"], #中端输出python，进入python解析器，并获取obj对象
stdin=subprocess.PIPE, #写东西的管道
stdout=subprocess.PIPE, #获取结果的管道
stderr=subprocess.PIPE, #获取错误的管道
universal_newlines=True)obj.stdin.write("print(1)\n") #管道中写入数据
obj.stdin.write("print(2)")
obj.stdin.close()
out_error_list = obj.communicate() #obj.communicate:在内部分别在输出管道和错误管道获取数据，并赋值给一个列表
print(out_error_list) #输出已拿到的数据
# ('1\n2\n', '')

import subprocess
# Popen：是call check_call check_output中最底层的代码
obj = subprocess.Popen(["python"], #中端输出python，进入python解析器，并获取obj对象
stdin=subprocess.PIPE, #写东西的管道
stdout=subprocess.PIPE, #获取结果的管道
stderr=subprocess.PIPE, #获取错误的管道
universal_newlines=True)
out_error_list = obj.communicate('print("Hello")') #communicate:将字符串传递给python解析器
print(out_error_list) #输出已拿到的数据
# ('Hello\n', '')

while True：
if cpu利用率 > 90%:
#发送邮件提醒
连接邮箱服务器
发送邮件
关闭连接 if 硬盘使用空间 > 90%:
#发送邮件提醒
连接邮箱服务器
发送邮件
关闭连接 if 内存占用 > 80%:
#发送邮件提醒
连接邮箱服务器
发送邮件
关闭连接

def 发送邮件(内容)
#发送邮件提醒
连接邮箱服务器
发送邮件
关闭连接while True： if cpu利用率 > 90%:
发送邮件('CPU报警') if 硬盘使用空间 > 90%:
发送邮件('硬盘报警') if 内存占用 > 80%:
发送邮件('内存报警')

#创建一个类
class foo:
#创建函数
def dome(self):
print("北京欢迎你、、、") def test(self,name):
print("i am %s"%name)
#将类名后加一个括号，生成一个对象
obj = foo()
obj.dome() #obj对象调用demo函数
obj.test('lcj') #obj对象调用test函数，并把lcj参数传给test函数
# 北京欢迎你、、、
# i am lcj

class SQLHelper:
def fetch(self,sql):
print(self.host)
print(self.username)
print(self.pwd)
print(sql)
def create(self,sql):
print(sql)
def remove(self,nid):
pass
def modify(self,name):
pass
#创建obj对象
obj = SQLHelper()
#将参数封装至obj对象中
obj.host = 'localhost'
obj.username = 'lcj'
obj.pwd = '123123'
#将sql语句参数传给fetch函数中的sql
obj.fetch("selct * from A")
# obj.fetch()
# localhost
# lcj
# 123123
# selct * from A

lass Foo: def __init__(self, name, age):
self.name = name
self.age = ageobj1 = Foo('wupeiqi', 18)
print obj1.name # 直接调用obj1对象的name属性
print obj1.age # 直接调用obj1对象的age属性obj2 = Foo('alex', 73)
print obj2.name # 直接调用obj2对象的name属性
print obj2.age # 直接调用obj2对象的age属性

class Foo:
def __init__(self, name, age):
self.name = name
self.age = age def detail(self):
# print(self)
print(self.name)
print( self.age)
obj1 = Foo('lcj', 18)
obj1.detail()
# Python默认会将obj1传给self参数，即：obj1.detail(obj1)，所以，此时方法内部的 self ＝ obj1，即：self.name 是 lcj ；self.age 是 18
obj2 = Foo('xiaoluo', 73)
obj2.detail()
# Python默认会将obj2传给self参数，即：obj1.detail(obj2)，所以，此时方法内部的 self ＝ obj2，即：self.name 是 xiaoluo ； self.age 是 78

class SQLHelper:
def fetch(self,):
print(self.host)
print(self.username)
print(self.pwd)
print(self.sql)
def create(self,sql):
print(sql)
def remove(self,nid):
pass
def modify(self,name):
pass
#创建obj对象
obj = SQLHelper()
#将参数封装至obj对象中
obj.host = 'localhost'
obj.username = 'lcj'
obj.pwd = '123123'
obj.sql = 'selct * from A'
#将sql语句参数传给fetch函数中的sql
# obj.fetch("selct * from A")
obj.fetch()
# localhost
# lcj
# 123123
# selct * from A

class SQLHelper:
#构造方法，a1,a2,a3动态参数
def __init__(self,a1,a2,a3):
print("自动执行init")
self.host = a1
self.username = a2
self.pwd = a3
def fetch(self,sql):
print(self.host)
print(self.username)
print(self.pwd)
print(sql)
pass
def create(self,sql):
pass
def remove(self,sql):
pass
def modify(self,sql):
pass
#当执行obj1对象时，系统会自动去执行__init__方法，且把参数locahost赋值给a1，lcj赋值给a2,18赋值给a3
obj1 = SQLHelper('locahost','lcj',18) #
#当obj对象调用fetch函数时，此时fetch=self,传参select * from A赋值给sql
obj1.fetch('select * from A')
# 自动执行init
# locahost
# lcj
# 18
# select * from A

def kanchai(name, age, gender):
print "%s,%s岁,%s,上山去砍柴" %(name, age, gender)def qudongbei(name, age, gender):
print "%s,%s岁,%s,开车去东北" %(name, age, gender)def dabaojian(name, age, gender):
print "%s,%s岁,%s,最爱大保健" %(name, age, gender)kanchai('小明', 10, '男') #kanchai函数将动态参数依次传递给name,age,gender
qudongbei('小明', 10, '男')
dabaojian('小明', 10, '男')kanchai('老李', 90, '男')
qudongbei('老李', 90, '男')
dabaojian('老李', 90, '男')

class Foo: #创建一个类
#构造方法，当对象调用kanchai方法时，系统会自动执行__init__方法，并将对象中动态参数进行传递给__init__方法
def __init__(self, name, age ,gender):
self.name = name
self.age = age
self.gender = gender def kanchai(self):
print "%s,%s岁,%s,上山去砍柴" %(self.name, self.age, self.gender) def qudongbei(self):
print "%s,%s岁,%s,开车去东北" %(self.name, self.age, self.gender) def dabaojian(self):
print "%s,%s岁,%s,最爱大保健" %(self.name, self.age, self.gender)#将参数进行封装
xiaoming = Foo('小明', 10, '男')
xiaoming.kanchai()
xiaoming.qudongbei()
xiaoming.dabaojian()laoli = Foo('老李', 90, '男')
laoli.kanchai()
laoli.qudongbei()
laoli.dabaojian()

1、创建三个游戏人物，分别是：苍井井，女，18，初始战斗力1000
东尼木木，男，20，初始战斗力1800
波多多，女，19，初始战斗力2500
2、游戏场景，分别：草丛战斗，消耗200战斗力
自我修炼，增长100战斗力
多人游戏，消耗500战斗力

# ##################### 定义实现功能的类 #####################
#创建一个类
class Person:
#构造方法，在构造方法中封装方法，如：
def __init__(self, name, gender, age, fig):
self.name = name
self.gender = gender
self.age = age
self.fight =fig def grassland(self):
"""注释：草丛战斗，消耗200战斗力"""
self.fight = self.fight - 200 def practice(self):
"""注释：自我修炼，增长100战斗力"""
self.fight = self.fight + 200 def incest(self):
"""注释：多人游戏，消耗500战斗力"""
self.fight = self.fight - 500 def detail(self):
"""注释：当前对象的详细情况"""
temp = "姓名:%s ; 性别:%s ; 年龄:%s ; 战斗力:%s" % (self.name, self.gender, self.age, self.fight)
print (temp)
# ##################### 开始游戏 #####################
#创建三个对象cang，dong，bo对象，并向对象进行传参
cang = Person('苍井井', '女', 18, 1000) # 创建苍井井角色
dong = Person('东尼木木', '男', 20, 1800) # 创建东尼木木角色
bo = Person('波多多', '女', 19, 2500) # 创建波多多角色
#通过对象调用incest，practice，grassland方法，此时
cang.incest() #苍井空参加一次多人游戏
dong.practice()#东尼木木自我修炼了一次
bo.grassland() #波多多参加一次草丛战斗#通过对象调用输出函数中当前所有人的详细情况
cang.detail()
dong.detail()
bo.detail()
#通过对象再次调用方法
cang.incest() #苍井空又参加一次多人游戏
dong.incest() #东尼木木也参加了一个多人游戏
bo.practice() #波多多自我修炼了一次#通过对象调用输出函数中当前所有人的详细情况
cang.detail()
dong.detail()
bo.detail()# 姓名:苍井井 ; 性别:女 ; 年龄:18 ; 战斗力:500
# 姓名:东尼木木 ; 性别:男 ; 年龄:20 ; 战斗力:2000
# 姓名:波多多 ; 性别:女 ; 年龄:19 ; 战斗力:2300
# 姓名:苍井井 ; 性别:女 ; 年龄:18 ; 战斗力:0
# 姓名:东尼木木 ; 性别:男 ; 年龄:20 ; 战斗力:1500
# 姓名:波多多 ; 性别:女 ; 年龄:19 ; 战斗力:2500

#创建一个C1类
class C1:
#类中含有构造方法，当对象调用函数中的方法时，则系统第一步执行构造方法并进行传参
def __init__(self,name,obj):
self.name = name
self.obj = obj
#创建一个C2类
class C2:
def __init__(self,name,age):
self.name = name
self.age = age
def show(self,):
print(self.name)
#将C2类封装成obj02对象，并带两个动态参数:lcj，19
obj02 = C2("lcj",19)
#将C1类封装成obj01对象，并将obj02对象作为一个动态参数传给对象obj01中参数
obj01 = C1("alex",obj02)
#将obj01对象中age参数输出，此时obj01对象中age参数等于obj02对象中动态参数
print(obj01.obj.name)
print(obj01.obj.age)

#单根继承
class S1:
def F1(self):
self.F2() #F1函数中调用F2()方法
def F2(self):
print('ddd')class S2:
def F3(self,):
self.F1() #F3函数中调用F1方法
def F2(self):
pass
#将S2类赋值给一个变量obj，再由obj对象调用S2类中存在的F3方法，
# F3方法中又调用F1方法，此时F1方法存在S1类中，最终调用S2类中的F2方法，每次self都需从初始位置开始寻找调用的方法
obj = S2()
obj.F3()