Ajax上传数据和上传文件（三种方式）

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Ajax向后端发送数据可以有三种方式：原生Ajax方式，jQuery Ajax方式，iframe+form 方式（伪造Ajax方式）

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<style>
.btn {
background-color: coral;
color: white;
padding: 5px 10px;
border-radius: 26%;
cursor: pointer;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>原生Ajax测试</h1>
<a class="btn" onclick="AjaxTest1()">get发送</a>  <a class="btn" onclick="AjaxTest2()">post发送</a> <h1>仿Ajax(iframe+form)测试</h1>
<iframe src="" frameborder="" id="ifm" name="ifm"></iframe>
<form action="/ajax" method="get" target="ifm" id="fm">
<p><input type="text" name="user"></p>
<p><a onclick="AjaxTest4()">提交</a></p>
{% comment %} <p><input type="submit" value="提交"></p>{% endcomment %}
</form> <h1>上传文件</h1>
<h3>Ajax(jQuery+原生)上传</h3>
<p><input type="file" id="file"></p>
<a class="btn" onclick="AjaxTest5()">上传</a> <h3>Ajax(iframe+form)上传</h3>
<iframe src="" frameborder="" id="ifm2" name="ifm2"></iframe>
<form action="/ajax" method="post" target="ifm2" enctype="multipart/form-data" id="fm2">
<p><input type="file" id="if_file" name="k3"></p>
<a class="btn" onclick="AjaxTest6()">上传</a>
</form> <script>
function AjaxTest1() {
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.onreadystatechange = function () {
if (xhr.readyState == 4) {
console.log(xhr.responseText);
}
};
xhr.open("GET", "/ajax?p=123");
xhr.send(null);
} function AjaxTest2() {
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.onreadystatechange = function () {
if (xhr.readyState == 4) {
console.log(xhr.responseText);
}
};
xhr.open("POST", "/ajax");
xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset-UTF-8");
xhr.send("p=222");
} function AjaxTest4() {
document.getElementById("ifm").onload = AjaxTest3;
document.getElementById("fm").submit();
} function AjaxTest3() {
{#console.log(thi.contentWindow.document.body.innerText);#}
{#console.log($(thi).contents().find("body").html());#}
var content = this.contentWindow.document.body.innerHTML;
var obj = JSON.parse(content);
if (obj.status) {
alert(obj.message);
}
} function AjaxTest5() {
var formdata = new FormData()
formdata.append("k1", "v1");
formdata.append("k2", "v2");
formdata.append("k3", document.getElementById("file").files[0]);
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.onreadystatechange = function () {
if (xhr.readyState == 4) {
console.log(xhr.responseText);
}
};
xhr.open("POST", "/ajax");
{#xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset-UTF-8");#}
xhr.send(formdata);
} function AjaxTest6() {
document.getElementById("ifm2").onload = AjaxTest7;
document.getElementById("fm2").submit();
} function AjaxTest7() {
{#console.log(thi.contentWindow.document.body.innerText);#}
{#console.log($(thi).contents().find("body").html());#}
var content = this.contentWindow.document.body.innerHTML;
var obj = JSON.parse(content);
console.log(obj);
}
</script>
</body>

三种方式传递数据和上传文件HTML页面

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect
import uuid
import os
import json # Create your views here.
def ajax(request):
print("get请求：",request.GET)
print("post请求：",request.POST)
# print("请求体：",request.body)
print(request.FILES)
ret={'status':True,'message':'ok!'}
file=request.FILES.get("k3")
f=open(file.name,"wb")
for i in file.chunks():
f.write(i);
f.close() return HttpResponse(json.dumps(ret)) def index(request):
return render(request,"index.html")

后端view函数接收数据

模拟网站上传图片并在网页实时显示图片效果

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<iframe src="" frameborder="" id="ifm" name="ifm" style="display: none"></iframe>
<form action="/upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data" id="fm" target="ifm">
<p><input type="file" onchange="upload()" name="img"></p>
</form>
<h3>预览</h3>
<div id="preview"> </div>
<script src="/static/jquery-1.11.0.js"></script>
<script>
function upload() {
document.getElementById("ifm").onload = uploadifm;
document.getElementById("fm").submit();
} function uploadifm() {
var content = this.contentWindow.document.body.innerHTML;
var obj = JSON.parse(content);
var tag = document.createElement("img");
tag.src = obj.path;
$("#preview").empty().append(tag);
}
</script>
</body>
</html>

上传图片并在上传页面展示HTML页面

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect
import uuid
import os
import json # Create your views here. def upload(request):
if request.method=="GET":
return render(request,"upload.html")
else:
dic={'status':True,'path':None,'message':None}
img=request.FILES.get("img")
uid=str(uuid.uuid4())
file_path=os.path.join("static",uid+img.name)
f=open(file_path,"wb")
for i in img.chunks():
f.write(i)
f.close()
dic["path"]=file_path
dic["message"]="上传成功！"
return HttpResponse(json.dumps(dic))