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Javascript图表插件HighCharts用法案例
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最近还在忙着基于ABP的项目，但本篇博客和ABP无关，喜欢ABP框架的朋友请点击 传送门 。
这不，最近项目基本功能做的差不多了，现在在做一个数据统计的功能，需要绘制区域图（或折线图）和饼图。一开始，楼主就去Google了一下最常用的绘图插件都有哪些，最后直接去Github上搜索关键词chart，搜索结果如下：
点了几个进去看了之后，楼主考虑到项目要以后肯定要维护，万一维护的开发者英文不咋地呢（其实楼主我是喜欢看英文文档的）？所以，我起初选择了某度出品的Echarts.js。但是选择了它之后，查看文档学习，虽然文档是中文的，但我感觉这文档比英文还难读懂，因为有些术语解释不详细，最后好不容易做了个demo，但还出现了bug，开了一个 Issue ，维护人员简单地敷衍之后反而直接给关了，楼主表示很受伤也很气愤。心想，好吧，你某度牛逼，我不用你的Echarts行了吧，惹不起还躲不起嘛。
最后，经过几个朋友的介绍，他们都选择的Highcharts，去Highcharts官网看了下，感觉文档就是比Echarts详细，简单易懂，所以我也就选择了她。【这里建议新手朋友们先使用Highcharts，等对图表熟悉了再使用Echarts，毕竟Echarts的图表种类很丰富】而且，到现在，功能也都实现了，效果如下：
楼主在学习的时候，发现网上这方面的资料也不是很多，尤其是从服务端如何传数据到客户端，没有详细的解决方案，也是摸索了很久，这次，我直接将自己的解决方案拿出来和大家分享，供初学者参考，少走弯路，大神请绕道。
区域图
<div class="row">
<div class="portlet light bordered">
<div class="portlet-title">
<div class="caption">
<i class="fa fa-area-chart font-purple"></i>
<span class="caption-subject bold uppercase">收入趋势</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="portlet-body">
<div id="incomeTrend" style="width:98%;height: 500px">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
var dateSpan;
Highcharts.setOptions({
lang: {
printChart: '打印图表',
downloadJPEG: '下载为JPEG图片',
downloadPDF: '下载为PDF',
downloadPNG: '下载为PNG图片',
downloadSVG: '下载为SVG矢量图',
months: ["一月", "二月", "三月", "四月", "五月", "六月", "七月", "八月", "九月", "十月", "十一月", "十二月"],
weekdays: ["周日", "周一", "周二", "周三", "周四", "周五", "周六"],
shortMonths: ["1月", "2月", "3月", "4月", "5月", "6月", "7月", "8月", "9月", "10月", "11月", "12月"],
}
});
var isByDay = true;//default by days
var option = {
chart: {
type: 'area'
},
title: {
text: '收入趋势图'
},
subtitle: {
text: '没有选择时间范围的话，默认显示最近7天的数据'
},
credits: {
enabled: false
},
xAxis: {
type: 'datetime',
tickmarkPlacement: 'on',
title: {
enabled: false
},
dateTimeLabelFormats: {
day: "%Y-%m-%d",
week: "%A",
month: "%Y-%m",
year: "%Y"
}
},
yAxis: {
title: {
text: '单位：元'
},
labels: {
formatter: function () {
return this.value;
}
}
},
tooltip: {
shared: true,
valueSuffix: ' 元',
dateTimeLabelFormats: {
day: "%Y-%m-%d,%A",
week: "%A开始, %Y-%m-%d",
month: "%Y-%m",
year: "%Y"
}
},
plotOptions: {
area: {
stacking: 'normal',
lineColor: '#666666',
lineWidth: 1,
marker: {
lineWidth: 1,
lineColor: '#666666'
}
},
series: {
//pointStart: Date.UTC(nowDate.getFullYear(), nowDate.getMonth(), nowDate.getDate() - 7),
//pointInterval: 24 * 36e5 //一天
}
},
series: [{}]
}
var url = getTargetUrl('Dashboard', "GetJsonResult");//这里是url
var drp = $('#dateRange').data('daterangepicker');
if (!dateSpan) {
dateSpan = { start: drp.startDate.format('YYYY-MM-DD'), end: drp.endDate.format('YYYY-MM-DD') }
}
rawChart(isByDay);
$('#createChart').click(function (e) {
if ($('#byMonth').attr('checked')) {//按月
isByDay = false;
//alert('选择了' + $('#byMonth').attr('checked'));
}
e.preventDefault();
drawChart(isByDay);
drawPieChart(isByDay);
});
$('#defaultChart').click(function (e) {
e.preventDefault();
drp.setStartDate(moment().subtract(7, "days"));
drp.setEndDate(moment().subtract(1, "days"));
dateSpan = { start: drp.startDate.format('YYYY-MM-DD'), end: drp.endDate.format('YYYY-MM-DD') };
$('#dateRange').val('');
isByDay = true;
drawChart(isByDay);
drawPieChart(isByDay);
});
function drawChart(isByDay) {
var year = moment(dateSpan.start).format('YYYY');
var month = moment(dateSpan.start).format('M') - 1;//js的date函数的月份是从0-11，所以这里减1
var day = moment(dateSpan.start).format('D');
//console.log(year,month,day);
if (isByDay) {
$.getJSON(url, dateSpan, function (datas) {
option.series = datas;
option.plotOptions.series.pointStart = Date.UTC(year, month, day);
option.plotOptions.series.pointInterval = 24 * 36e5;
$('#incomeTrend').highcharts(option);
});
} else {
var start = drp.startDate.format('YYYY-MM');
var end = drp.endDate.format('YYYY-MM');
if (start == end) {
start = drp.startDate.subtract(5, "month").format('YYYY-MM');
}
year = moment(start).format('YYYY');
month = moment(start).format('M')-1;
dateSpan = { start: start, end: end };
$.getJSON(url, dateSpan, function (datas) {
option.series = datas;
option.plotOptions.series.pointStart = Date.UTC(year, month, 1);
option.plotOptions.series.pointInterval = 1;
option.plotOptions.series.pointIntervalUnit = "month";
$('#incomeTrend').highcharts(option);
});
}
}
注意： 区域图和饼图公用同一个action，所以代码一起放到最后。
饼图
<div class="row">
<div class="portlet light bordered col-md-8">
<div class="portlet-title">
<div class="caption">
<i class="fa fa-adjust font-red"></i>
<span class="caption-subject bold uppercase">收入比例</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="portlet-body">
<div id="incomeRatio" style="width:90%;height: 500px">
</div>
</div>
</div>
var pieChartOption = {
chart: {
plotBackgroundColor: null,
plotBorderWidth: null,
plotShadow: false,
type: 'pie'
},
title: {
text: ''
},
credits: {
enabled: false
},
tooltip: {
pointFormat: '{series.name}: <b>{point.percentage:.1f}%</b>'
},
plotOptions: {
pie: {
allowPointSelect: true,
cursor: 'pointer',
dataLabels: {
enabled: true,
format: '<b>{point.name}</b>: {point.percentage:.1f}%<br/> {y}元 ',
style: {
color: (Highcharts.theme && Highcharts.theme.contrastTextColor) || 'black'
}
}
}
},
series: [
{
name: '占比',
colorByPoint: true,
data: []
}
]
};
function drawPieChart() {
var year = moment(dateSpan.start).format('YYYY');
var month = moment(dateSpan.start).format('M') - 1;//js的date函数的月份是从0-11，所以这里减1
var day = moment(dateSpan.start).format('D');
//console.log(year,month,day);
$.getJSON(url + "?chartType=pie", dateSpan, function (datas) {
pieChartOption.series[0].data = datas;
var sum=0;
for (var i = 0; i < datas.length; i++) {
sum += datas[i].y;
}
pieChartOption.title.text = "收入比例情况：（总收入"+sum+"）元";
$('#incomeRatio').highcharts(pieChartOption);
});
}
drawPieChart();
服务端Web层的C#代码如下：
public async Task<ContentResult> GetJsonResult(string start, string end)
{
string dataJsonStr;
var defaultStart = DateTime.Parse(start);
var defaultEnd = DateTime.Parse(end);
var timeSpan = new DateTimeSpan { Start = defaultStart, End = defaultEnd };
var totalIncomeList = await _orderAppService.GetDateIncome(new GetDateIncomeDto
{
Start = defaultStart,
End = defaultEnd
});//总收入
var scanCodeChargeIncomeList = await _orderAppService.GetDateIncome(new GetDateIncomeDto
{
Start = defaultStart,
End = defaultEnd,
IsScanCodeChargingIncome = true
});//扫码充电收入
var lineSoldIncomeList = await _orderAppService.GetDateIncome(new GetDateIncomeDto
{
Start = defaultStart,
End = defaultEnd,
IsLineSoldIncome = true
});//售线收入
var castCoinsIncomeList = await _castCoinsAppService.GetDateCoinsIncome(new GetDateCoinsIncomeDto
{
Start = defaultStart,
End = defaultEnd
});//投币收入
var allKindsOfIncomeList = new List<DateIncomeListWithName>
{
new DateIncomeListWithName
{
DateIncomeDtos = castCoinsIncomeList,
Name = "投币"
},
new DateIncomeListWithName
{
DateIncomeDtos = lineSoldIncomeList,
Name = "售线"
},
new DateIncomeListWithName
{
DateIncomeDtos = scanCodeChargeIncomeList,
Name = "扫码充电"
}
};
if (Request.QueryString.Get("chartType") == "pie")//饼图
{
var pieDataList = new List<PieChartDataFormat>();
GetPieChartData(pieDataList, allKindsOfIncomeList);
dataJsonStr = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(pieDataList, new JsonSerializerSettings() { ContractResolver = new CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver() });
}
else
{
var dataList = new List<ChartDataFormat>();
allKindsOfIncomeList.Add(new DateIncomeListWithName{DateIncomeDtos = totalIncomeList,Name = "总收入"});
GetData(dataList,allKindsOfIncomeList,timeSpan);
dataJsonStr = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(dataList, new JsonSerializerSettings() { ContractResolver = new CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver() });
}
return Content(dataJsonStr);
}
private void GetData(List<ChartDataFormat> dataList, List<DateIncomeListWithName> incomeList, DateTimeSpan span)
{
var dateList = ConvertTimeSpanToList(span);
foreach (DateIncomeListWithName dateIncomeListWithName in incomeList)
{
var newList = CheckoutIncomeList(dateIncomeListWithName.DateIncomeDtos, dateList);
var list = newList.Select(dateIncomeDto => dateIncomeDto.Income).ToList();
dataList.Add(new ChartDataFormat
{
Name = dateIncomeListWithName.Name,
Data = list
});
}
}
private void GetPieChartData(List<PieChartDataFormat> dataList, List<DateIncomeListWithName> incomeLists)
{
foreach (DateIncomeListWithName dateIncomeListWithName in incomeLists)
{
var total = dateIncomeListWithName.DateIncomeDtos.Sum(i => i.Income);
var item = new PieChartDataFormat
{
Name = dateIncomeListWithName.Name,
Y = total
};
dataList.Add(item);
}
}
List<DateIncomeDto> CheckoutIncomeList(List<DateIncomeDto> incomeList, List<DateTime> dateList)
{
var newIncomeList = new List<DateIncomeDto>();
newIncomeList = (from date in dateList
join incomeDto in incomeList on date.Date equals incomeDto.Date into result
from r in result.DefaultIfEmpty()
select new DateIncomeDto
{
Date = date.Date,
Income = r == null ? 0 : r.Income
}).ToList();
return newIncomeList;
}
private List<DateTime> ConvertTimeSpanToList(DateTimeSpan span)
{
var list = new List<DateTime>();
for (DateTime i = span.Start; i <= span.End; i = i.AddDays(1))
{
list.Add(i);
}
return list;
}
上面这段代码，楼主自认为封装的还不错，很简洁（这已经成为楼主编程追求的目标），平均每个方法10行左右(除了第一个)，仅供大家参考。
下面两个类定义了两种图表从Server端到Client端的数据格式 ：####
class ChartDataFormat
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public List<decimal> Data { get; set; }
}
class PieChartDataFormat
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public decimal Y { get; set; }
}
应用服务层也贴一个方法的代码，仅供参考
public async Task<List<DateIncomeDto>> GetDateIncome(GetDateIncomeDto input)
{
var query= _orderRepository.GetAll()
.Where(o => o.Status == OrderStatus.Freezen || o.Status == OrderStatus.Settled || o.Status == OrderStatus.HasInformedDevice)
.Where(o => o.OrderDate >= input.Start && o.OrderDate <= input.End)
.WhereIf(input.IsLineSoldIncome,o=>o.OrderType==OrderType.LineSold)
.WhereIf(input.IsScanCodeChargingIncome,o=>o.OrderType==OrderType.Charge)
.OrderBy(o => DbFunctions.TruncateTime(o.OrderDate))
.GroupBy(o => DbFunctions.TruncateTime(o.OrderDate))
.Select(group => new DateIncomeDto{Date=group.Key.Value,Income=group.Sum(item=>item.PayFee??0)});
var list = await query.ToListAsync();
return list;
}
这些就是整个图表的实现方案，切记仅供参考，不可生搬硬套，如因程序bug导致您公司的重大损失，本人一概不负责任。此话莫当真，纯属娱乐一下。
